Lexical Definition

‎שָׁם‎ shâm (shawm) there ^H:Adv
a primitive particle (rather from the relative pronoun, ‎אֲשֶׁר‎)

in it, [phrase] thence, there (-in, [phrase] of, [phrase] out), [phrase] thither, [phrase] whither.

• there (transferring to time) then
• often thither, or thence

1) there, thither
1a) there
1b) thither (after verbs of motion)
1c) from there, thence
1d) then (as an adverb of time)

See Greek: ἐκεῖ · ἐκεῖθεν · ἐκεῖσε

Extended Information

• Aramaic equivalent: tam.mah (‎ת‎ַּ‎מ‎ָּ‎ה‎ "there" תָּם)

Brown-Driver-Briggs

‎שָׁם‎ adverb there, thither (Arabic there, compare then; Biblical Aramaic ‎תַּמָּה‎, Egyptian Aramaic ‎תמה‎ S-C^{Pap. A 4, J 6}, ᵑ7 ‎תַּמָּן‎ (with demonstrative n, compare ‎אֱדַיִן‎ beside ‎אֲזַי‎), Syriac ; Zenj^{Had. 8} (Cooke¹⁵⁹) ‎שם‎); —

1. a. there Gen 2:8; Gen 2:12; Gen 11:2; Gen 11:7; Gen 11:31 + often; placed early in sentence for emphasis, Mic 4:10 ‎שָׁם תִּנָּצֵ֑לִי‎, Nah 3:15; Ezek 32:22; Ezek 32:24; Ps 104:26 +, ‎וְשָׁם ֗֗֗ ‎ Gen 41:12; Exod 15:27; Num 13:22; Num 13:33 +, ‎שָׁם ֗֗֗ וְשָׁם‎ Exod 15:25; Deut 12:14; Isa 27:10; Job 3:17 +, ‎וְהִנֵּה שָׁם ֗֗֗ ‎ Gen 29:2, ‎כִּי שָׁם ֗֗֗ ‎ Gen 11:9; Gen 21:31; Gen 35:7; 2Sam 1:21; 2Sam 15:21 +, ‎אַךְ שָׁם ֗֗֗ ‎ Isa 34:14; Isa 34:15, ‎גַּם שָׁם ֗֗֗ ‎ Isa 23:12; Isa 57:7; Ps 139:10 resuming a preceding 'where,' Job 39:30 ‎בַּאֲשֶׁר חֲלָלִים שָׁם הוּא‎, Judg 5:27; Jer 22:12; Eccl 11:3, compare Eccl 1:7. Repeated, ‎שָׁם ֗֗֗ שָׁם‎ here ... there Isa 28:10; Isa 28:13. In poetry, pointing to a spot in which a scene is localized vividly in the imagination, Ps 14:5 ‎שׁם פחדו פחד‎ there feared they a fear! Ps 36:13*, compare Ps 48:7*; Ps 66:6; Ps 132:17; Hos 6:7; Zeph 1:14. — Hab 3:4 read probably (We Now) ‎שָׂם‎ the flashes at his side made he the hiding of his power; Eccl 3:17 ‎שָׁם‎ = with God, in the Divine plan or scheme: but read perhaps ‎שָׂם‎ Hi De and others
b. preceded by the rel., ‎אֲשֶׁר שָׁם‎ where, Gen 2:11; Exod 20:21; 1Sam 9:10 +, usually with one or more words between, Gen 13:3; Gen 13:14; Gen 19:27; Exod 29:42; 2Sam 11:16; 2Kgs 23:27 + often; after ‎בַּאֲשֶׁר‎, ‎בַּאֲשֶׁר הוּא שָׁם‎ Gen 21:17. With ‎אשׁר‎ omitted (the relative being indicated by construct, Ges^{«GKC:130c»§ 130 c, d}) Ezek 39:11 ‎מְקוֺם שָׁם קֶבֶר‎ ‎׳‎‎בְּיִשְׂר‎ a place where a grave (may be) in Israel, but ᵐ5 ᵑ7 Co Or and others read ‎שֵׁם‎ a place of renown.

2. thither, after verbs of motion ( = ‎שָׁ֫מָּה‎, see 3), Deut 1:37 ‎לֹא תָבאֹ שָׁם‎, Judg 19:15; Judg 21:10; 1Sam 2:14; 1Sam 9:6 and elsewhere; ‎אֲשֶׁר ֗֗֗ שָׁם‎ whither, 1Kgs 18:10; 1Kgs 21:18; 2Kgs 1:4; 2Kgs 1:6; 2Kgs 1:16; Isa 20:6, more often in Jeremiah, Ezekiel, as Jer 8:3; Jer 22:27; Jer 23:3; Jer 23:8; Jer 45:5 +, Ezek 4:13; Ezek 12:16; Ezek 36:20; Ezek 36:22 +; so ‎שֶׁשָּׁם‎ Ps 122:4.

3. with ‎ה‎ locative, ‎שָׁ֫מָּה‎ (sh¹mm¹h):
a. after verbs of motion, thither, Gen 19:20 ‎לָנוּס שָׁ֫מָּה‎ to flee thither, vGen 19:22; Gen 20:13; Gen 24:6; Gen 29:3; Deut 1:38 + often; = into it, therein (of a basket, pit, etc.), Exod 16:33 ‎וְתֶןשָֿׁ֫מָּה מְלֹא הָעֹמֶר‎, Exod 21:33 ‎וְנָפַל‎ ‎שָׁמָּה‎, Exod 30:18; Judg 8:25; 2Kgs 12:10* pregnantly, after a verb implying motion, as to bury, Gen 23:13 ‎וְאֶקְבְּרָה אֶתמֵֿתִי שָׁ֫מָּה‎, Gen 25:10; Gen 49:31; Gen 50:5 (all P), ‎נוֺעַד‎ to meet Exod 29:42; Exod 29:43; Exod 30:6; Exod 30:36; Num 17:19* (all P), Josh 2:16; Josh 7:3; Jer 13:7; Joel 4:7*, perhaps Song 8:5 (? c).
b. ‎אֲשֶׁר ֗֗֗ שָׁ֫מָּה‎ whither Gen 20:13; Num 33:54; Deut 4:5; Deut 4:14 + often; where 2Kgs 23:8; 1Chr 4:41.
c. more rarely, i. q. ‎שָׁם‎ there, Gen 43:30 ‎וַיֵּבְךְ שָׁ֫מָּה‎, Josh 2:1; Judg 16:27; 2Kgs 4:11; 2Kgs 9:16; Hos 2:17*; Isa 22:18; Isa 34:15; Isa 65:9; Jer 18:2; Jer 27:22; Ezek 23:3; Ezek 32:29; Ezek 32:30 (Ezek 32:22 vEzek 32:24 vEzek 32:26 ‎שָׁם‎), Ezek 48:35 ‎שָׁ֫מָּה‎ ‎׳‎‎י‎, Ps 76:4*; Ps 122:5; Eccl 3:16.

4. ‎מִשָּׁם‎ from there, thence:
a. often after verbs of departing, taking, etc., Gen 2:10; Gen 11:8; Gen 11:9; Gen 12:8; Gen 18:16; Gen 24:7; Gen 42:2, etc., Num 13:23; Num 21:12; Num 22:41 ‎וַיַּרְא מִשָּׁם‎, Deut 4:29 ‎וּבִקַּשְׁתֶּם מִשָּׁם‎, Deut 30:4; Jer 37:12; Hos 2:17*; Amos 9:2; Amos 9:3; Amos 9:4; Job 39:29 +. Peculiarly, Gen 49:24 ‎׳‎‎מִשָּׁם רֹעֶה אֶבֶן יִשְׂר‎ Ges De RVm from there [from heaven], (from) the Shepherd (‎׳‎‎י‎), the Stone (Rock) of Israel, Ew Di Sta from there (where is) the Shepherd of (‎רֹעֵה‎) the (Bethel-)stone of Israel; but both forced: text dubious; Gunk by the name (‎מִשֵּׁם‎; so ᵑ6) of the Shepherd, etc. (as Ew Di).
b. ‎אֲשֶׁר ֗֗֗ מִשָּׁם‎ whence Gen 24:5; Num 23:13 +.
c. expressing origin, Gen 3:23 the ground ‎אֲשֶׁר לֻקַּח‎ ‎מִשָּׁם‎, Gen 10:14 whence (= from whom) came forth the Philistines, Judg 19:18 ‎מִשָּׁם אָנֹכִי‎, 1Sam 10:12 ‎אִישׁ מִשָּׁם‎, Isa 65:20.
d. of the mass, from which something is taken or made, Gen 27:9; Gen 30:32 (of ‎צאֹן‎), Lev 2:2 ‎׳‎‎וְקָמַץ מִשָּׁם זגו‎ (from the meal, etc., of a ‎מנחה‎), 1Kgs 17:13 ‎אַךְ עֲשִׁי לִי מִשָּׁם עֻגָה קְטַנָּה‎ i.e. from the meal and oil, 2Kgs 7:2; 2Kgs 7:19 ‎וּמִשָּׁם לֹא תאֵֹ˜כל׃‎, Ezek 5:3.

Brown-Driver-Briggs References