Lexical Definition

‎שָׁלַח‎ shâlach (shaw-lakh') to send: depart ^H:V
a primitive root

[idiom] any wise, appoint, bring (on the way), cast (away, out), conduct, [idiom] earnestly, forsake, give (up), grow long, lay, leave, let depart (down, go, loose), push away, put (away, forth, in, out), reach forth, send (away, forth, out), set, shoot (forth, out), sow, spread, stretch forth (out).

• to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)

1) to send, send away, let go, stretch out
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to send
1a2) to stretch out, extend, direct
1a3) to send away
1a4) to let loose
1b) (Niphal) to be sent
1c) (Piel)
1c1) to send off or away or out or forth, dismiss, give over, cast out
1c2) to let go, set free
1c3) to shoot forth (of branches)
1c4) to let down
1c5) to shoot
1d) (Pual) to be sent off, be put away, be divorced, be impelled
1e) (Hiphil) to send

See Greek: ἀνίημι · ἀπαγγέλλω · ἀπελαύνω · ἀποκτείνω · ἀποῤῥίπτω · ἀποστέλλω · ἀποστολή · ἀπόστολος · ἅπτομαι · ἅπτω · ἀφαιρέω · ἀφίημι · βάλλω · διαρπάζω · ἐκβάλλω · ἐκπέμπω · ἐκτείνω · ἐκτείνω · ἐκφέρω · ἐμβάλλω · ἐξάγω · ἐξαποστέλλω · ἐπάγω · ἐπιβάλλω · ἐπιστέλλω · ἐπιστρέφω · ἐπιτίθημι · ἐπιφέρω · πέμπω · πλανάω · πλεονάζω · προβάλλω · προχειρίζομαι · Σαλά · συναποστέλλω · συνιστάω · φέρω · χαλάω

Extended Information

• : depart/send

Brown-Driver-Briggs

Aramaic form: שְׁלַח
I. ‎שָׁלַח‎₈₄₄ verb send (Late Hebrew id.; Eccl 48:18 +; Aramaic ‎שְׁלַךְ‎, , So^Buhl Ba^{Es 41} compare Arabic (r = l), send forth, drive cattle to pasture, send messenger, etc., but then different √ for I. ‎שֶׁלַךְ‎, Arabic , weapon; Assyrian probably šalû (send, hurl?), whence tešlitu, command); —

Qal₅₆₂ Perfect 3 masculine singular ‎׳‎‎שׁ‎ Gen 42:4 + 2 masculine singular suffix ‎שְׁלַחְתָּ֑נִי‎ Exod 5:22, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular ‎יִשְׁלַח‎ Gen 3:22 +, 2 feminine plural ‎תִּשְׁלַ֫חְנָה‎ Ezek 23:40 (Judg 5:26 read ‎תִּשְׁלָחֶנָּה‎? Ges § 47 k); Imperative masculine singular ‎שְׁלַךְ‎ 1Sam 20:31 +, masculine plural ‎שְׁלָ֑חוּ‎ 2Kgs 2:17 Infinitive abs. ‎שָׁל(וֺ)ךְַ‎ Num 22:37 +; construct ‎שְׁלֹתַ‎ vNum 22:15 +, ‎שְׁלַךְ‎ Isa 58:9, suffix ‎שָׁלְחֶ֑ךָ‎ Gen 38:17 etc.; Participle act. ‎שֹׁלֵךְַ‎ Exod 9:14 +, etc.; ‎שָׁלוּחַ‎ 1Kgs 14:6 +, etc., —

1. send: human subject, especially
a. accusative of person Gen 42:4; Gen 43:8 (both J; with ‎אֵת‎ with, person) Num 22:15 (E) + often, with ‎ל‎ of thing for which Jer 14:3 followed by ‎אֶל‎ person Gen 37:13(J), 2Sam 11:6; Neh 6:5 +; rarely with ‎ל‎ person Gen 32:19* (J; pass.), ‎אֶל‎, of location 2Chr 16:4, ‎ב‎ of location 1Sam 11:3, ‎ל‎ of location 1Kgs 5:28*, accusative of location 2Kgs 22:3, ‎ה‎- locative + ‎מֵעַל‎ person 2Sam 13:17, ‎מִן‎ local Gen 37:14 (J), Num 13:3 (P), etc.; followed by infinitive purpose 1Sam 25:14 ( + ‎מִן‎ local), 2Kgs 1:16; Jer 40:14 +, ‎אֶל‎ person with infinitive purpose 2Sam 10:3; Jer 42:9 +, with ‎ו‎ subordinate 2Kgs 5:6, with finite verb actionis Exod 2:5 (E), sent her maid and took, +, etc. (many combinations); accusative of person alone Exod 24:5 (E), Josh 7:22(E), 2Sam 10:7 + often
b. less often accusative of thing (sometimes with ‎בְּיַד‎ of agent), with ‎אֶל‎ person 1Sam 16:20; 2Kgs 5:5; 2Kgs 20:12 +, 1Kgs 5:23* (= designate by sending unto), ‎ל‎ person Judg 3:15; 1Kgs 5:22* +, ‎אֶל‎ location Esth 1:22, ‎שָׁ֫מָּה‎ 2Kgs 6:14 + infinitive purpose 1Chr 19:4; Esth 4:4 + finite verb action. Ps 105:28 accusative of kid, alone, Gen 38:23 also (accusative omitted) vGen 38:17, etc.
c. very oft,. without object: + finite verb action., send and do so and so, Gen 27:45(E), 2Kgs 11:14; Job 1:5 +; with ‎אֶל‎ person Hos 5:13; 2Sam 11:6 +, especially + ‎לֵאמֹר‎ Gen 38:25(J), 1Kgs 20:5 (often in Samuel Kings), Jer 29:28 +; with infinitive purpose Gen 32:6* (J), Num 21:32 (J), 1Sam 22:11 +, etc. (and so 1Sam 31:9 reading ‎וַיִּשְׁלְחוּ‎, for Pi`el, Th We Dr Now, not HPS Bu); absolute 2Kgs 2:16; 2Kgs 2:17; 2Sam 14:29 = send to inquire 1Kgs 20:17, etc.

2. send: subject ‎׳‎‎י‎ (God),
a. accusative of person Gen 45:5 (E; ‎לִפְנֵי‎ person), 1Sam 15:18 (‎בְּדָ֑רֶךְ‎), + ‎אֶל‎ person 2Sam 12:1 accusative of angel, ‎לִפְנֵי‎ person Gen 24:7; Exod 33:2 (both J), ‎אֵת‎ with Gen 24:40(J), etc.; with accusative of person = commission Exod 3:12 (E), Judg 6:14; Isa 6:8; Jer 14:14; Jer 14:15 + often in Jeremiah; Zech 2:13* +; also (with ‎אֶל‎ person) Exod 3:13 (E), Jer 25:4; Ezek 3:6 +, etc.; especially of sending prophet, (‎שָׁלַךְ‎), ‎הַשְׁכֵּם וְשָׁלוֺחַ‎ Jer 7:25 + (see [‎שָׁרַם‎]); accusative of person + infinitive purpose 1Sam 15:1; Jer 19:14 +; + ‎עַד‎ location 2Kgs 2:2, accusative of location v2Kgs 2:4, ‎ָ  ה‎ locative v2Kgs 2:6, etc.
b. with accusative of thing, plagues Exod 9:14 (with ‎אֶללֵֿב‎, ‎ב‎ person), figurative arrows 2Sam 22:15 = Ps 18:15*( + verb finite action.), Ps 144:6, compare Jer 25:16 and elsewhere; his word Isa 9:7* (‎ב‎ of a people), Isa 55:11 (‎אשׁר‎ to which), Zech 7:12 (‎ב‎ agent.), Ps 107:20 (+ finite verb action.), Ps 147:15 (+ accusative ‎אֶרֶץ‎); accusative help Ps 20:3* (‎מִן‎ local), light and truth Ps 43:3 (+ finite verb action.), compare Ps 57:4*

3. stretch out, especially accusative hand:
a. human subject, with ‎ב‎ person against, Gen 37:22(E), 1Sam 24:11*; Esth 2:21+; with ‎ב‎ of thing (property of others) Exod 22:7*; Exod 22:10* (E), Esth 9:10 +, ‎בַּחַלָּמִישׁ‎ Job 28:9 with ‎אֶל‎ person against Gen 22:12 (E), 2Sam 18:12, ‎עַל‎ person 1Kgs 13:4, etc.; ‎אֶל‎ of thing (for good) 2Sam 6:6 (‎יָד‎ omitted); from outside; inward, Song 5:4 (‎מִן‎ local); absolute Job 30:24 (read ‎טֹבֵעַ‎ for ‎בְּעִי‎ Di Bi Bu). + infinitive purpose 1Sam 22:17; 1Sam 22:17; 2Sam 1:14; 1Chr 13:9 + verbfin.active Gen 3:22 (J) Deut 25:11; Judg 15:15 +; ‎אֶצְבַּע‎ ‎׳‎‎שׁ‎ Isa 58:9, in token of scorn; with accusative of rod 1Sam 14:27 ‎שִׁלְחוּ מַגָּל‎ Joel 1Sam 4:13 stretch out (the) sickle.
b. ‎׳‎‎י‎ subject, accusative hand, + ‎אֶל‎ person against Exod 24:1l (E), compare (‎עַל‎) Ps 138:7 + finite verb active Exod 3:20 (JE), Exod 9:15(J), Job 1:11; Job 2:5 in favour, Jer 1:9, absolute Ps 144:7 (‎מִן‎ local), also (passive) Ezek 2:9 and accusative ‎תַּבְנִית יָד‎), Ezek 8:3.
c. accusative hand, subject angel, + accusative of location, infinitive purpose 2Sam 24:16, cherub, ‎אֶל‎ of thing, ‎מִן‎ local Ezek 10:7 adversary, ‎אֶל‎ person Job 1:12 subject angel, accusative rod Judg 6:21.
d. stretched out, slender, of tree Gen 49:21 (poem in J), see I. ‎אֵלָה‎ above.
e. perhaps extend, direct, accusative of thing Ezek 8:17 (see ‎זְמוֺרָה‎ above, also conjectures in Toy Krae).

4. rarely send away (see Pi`el): human subject, accusative of person Judg 11:38 ( + accusative temporal), Gen 28:5 (P).

5. let loose (see Pi`el), perhaps only Ps 50:19 (figurative) thy mouth hast thou let loose in evil. Niph`al Infinitive absolute. ‎וְנִשְׁלוֺחַ סְפָרִים‎ = letters were sent (Ges^{«GKC:113z»§ 113z} «GKC:113gg»gg) Esth 3:13 ( + ‎אֶל‎ person, ‎בְּיַד‎ agent., infinitive purpose). Pi`el₂₆₆ Perfect 3 masculine singular ‎שִׁלַּח‎ Exod 8:28* +, suffix ‎שִׁלַּחֲךָ‎ 1Sam 20:22, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular ‎יְשַׁלַּח‎ Jer 3:1 +, ‎יְשַׁלֵּ֑חַ‎ Isa 45:13; Prov 6:14 1 singular suffix ‎אֲשַׁלֵּחֲךָ‎ Gen 32:27*, ‎אֲשַׁלְּחֶךָּ‎ 2Sam 11:12; 1Kgs 20:34, etc.; Imperative masculine singular ‎שַׁלַּךְ‎ Exod 4:23, +, etc.; Infinitive absolute Deut 22:7; 1Kgs 11:22 construct ‎שַׁלַּךְ‎ Gen 8:10 +, ‎שַׁלֵּ֑ךְַ‎ Exod 7:27* +, etc.; Participle ‎מְשַׁלֵחַ‎ Gen 43:4 +, etc.; —

1. send off, away, human subject:
a. accusative of person + ‎ל‎ location Josh 24:28 (E), Judg 7:8; 1Sam 10:23 +; + ‎ל‎ person Jer 48:12 + ‎הּ‎- locative Judg 12:9 and (c. infinitive purpose) Gen 28:6 (P); accusative of goat, ‎לַעֲזָאזֵל‎ Lev 16:10 (‎ה‎- locative), vLev 16:26 send out, different ways, accusative of person, ‎ב‎ location Judg 19:29; Judg 20:6 send into exile, ‎׳‎‎י‎ subject, with ‎מִן‎ local Jer 24:5, ‎ה‎- locative Jer 29:20.
b. send away, dismiss, accusative of person Gen 21:14 (E), Gen 25:6 (J; ‎מֵעַל‎ person), 2Sam 13:16 +; specifically, with accusative of wife (= divorce), Deut 22:19; Deut 22:29; Deut 24:1; Deut 24:3; Jer 3:1 +, absolute Mal 2:16.
c. send away empty (-handed) ‎רֵיקָם‎, + accusative of person Gen 31:42 (E), Deut 15:13; Job 22:9.
d. send off, give a 'send-off' (sometimes escort part way), accusative of person, Gen 18:16; Gen 24:59; Gen 31:27 (all J), 1Sam 9:26; 2Kgs 5:24; 2Kgs 6:23.
e. accusative of thing 1Sam 6:8; Neh 8:12 +, with accusative of location 1Sam 5:10; 1Sam 6:3, ‎אֶל‎ person Jer 27:3, etc.

2. a. send away, subject ‎׳‎‎י‎, accusative of person Gen 19:29 (J; ‎מִתּוֺךְ‎), 1Kgs 9:7 (‎מֵעַל פְּנֵי‎).
b. give over, accusative of person Ps 81:13* (‎ב‎ of evil).
c. cast out, accusative of person Jer 28:16 (‎מֵעַלפְּֿנֵי‎), Lev 18:24; Lev 20:23 (both ‎מִפְּנֵי‎).
d. send out, forth, send on a mission, especially of ‎׳‎‎י‎, with accusative of hornet Deut 7:20, compare Deut 28:20; Deut 32:24 (all ‎ב‎ person), serpents Num 21:6 (E; ‎ב‎ person), lions 2Kgs 17:25; 2Kgs 17:26 (both id.), foes 2Kgs 24:2 (twice in verse) (+ infinitive purpose); pestilence Amos 4:10; Ezek 28:23 (‎ב‎ person), etc.; also springs into (‎ב‎) channel Ps 104:10.

3. let go, set free (sometimes c, ‎חָפְשִׁי‎) Exod 4:23; Exod 5:2 (twice in verse) (all J E), 2Sam 3:21; 2Sam 3:23; 2Sam 3:24 +; = cease to abuse Judg 19:25 + infinitive purpose Gen 24:56 (J), Exod 5:1 (E; + 10 t. Exodus), 1Sam 5:11 with accusative of bird Gen 8:7; Gen 8:8 (+ ‎מֵאִתּוֺ‎) +; + ‎הַשָּׂדֶה‎ Lev 14:7, compare vLev 14:53 (both P); = let loose, accusative of beast, Exod 22:4* (E), Lev 16:22 (‎ב‎ location); accusative of bridle Job 30:11 (figurative); metaphor of strife Prov 6:14; Prov 6:19; Prov 16:28 let loose waters, subject ‎׳‎‎י‎, Job 12:15.

4. shoot forth branches, Jer 17:8; Ps 80:12*; Ezek 31:5 (but see I. ‎שֶׁלַךְ‎

2.); compare of locks (‎פֶּרַע‎) Ezek 44:20 = let grow long.

5. let down, accusative of person Jer 38:6 (‎ב‎ instrumental), accusative of thing vJer 38:11 (id. + ‎אֶל‎ person and location). 6 shoot (accusative of arrow omitted), ‎לִי‎ ‎׳‎‎לְשַׁ‎ ‎לְמַטָּרָה‎1Sam 20:20.

7. phrases: ‎שִׁלַּח (אֶתֿ)הָעִיר‎ ‎בָאֵשׁ‎ Judg 1:8; Judg 20:48, compare 2Kgs 8:12; Ps 74:7 but also ‎אֵשׁ בְּ‎ ‎׳‎‎שׁ‎ Amos 1:4; Amos 1:7; Amos 1:10; Amos 1:12; Amos 2:2; Amos 2:5; Hos 8:14; Ezek 39:6 rare expressions are: ‎וַיְשַׁלְּחֵם בְּיַדפִּֿשְׁעָם‎ Job 8:4 (God subject); stretch out hand, ‎ב‎ of thing (for use) Prov 31:19, ‎ל‎ person (charity) vProv 31:20 ‎חֶבְלֵיהֶם תְּשַׁלַּחְנָה‎ Job 39:3 (of hinds, bearing); ‎שַׁלַּח לַחְמְךָ עַלפְּֿנֵי הַמָּ֑יִם‎ Eccl 11:1. — ‎רַגְלַי שִׁלֵּ֑חוּ‎ Job 30:12 is corrupt; Theod Ew Di ‎רַגְלָם שִׁלֵּ֑חוּ‎; Me Bu Be and others dittograph from vJob 30:11b. Pu`al Perfect 3 masculine singular ‎שֻׁלַּךְ‎ Judg 5:15; Job 18:8, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular ‎יְשֻׁלַּח‎ Prov 17:11 Participle ‎מְשֻׁלָח‎ Isa 16:2 +; — be sent off (started on journey) Gen 44:3 (J); with commission, ‎ב‎ person Obad 1:1; Prov 17:11, ‎אֶל‎ person Dan 10:11 be put away, divorced, of wife Isa 50:1 (figurative); be impelled (?), ‎בְּרַגְלָיו‎ (= at his heels ?), with ‎ב‎ location Judg 5:15 (verb dubious), compare ‎שֻׁלַּח בְּרֶשֶׁת בְּרַגְלָיו‎ Job 18:8 he is hurried into the net with his feet (? ᵐ5 Du ‎שֻׁלְּחָה רַגְלוֺ‎); ‎קֵן מְשֻׁלָּח‎ Isa 16:2 a driven (scattered) nest (|| ‎עוֺף נוֺדֵד‎), compare ‎וְנֶעֱזָב כַּמִּדְבָּר‎ ‎׳‎‎נָוֶה מְשׁ‎ Isa 27:10 ‎׳‎‎נַעַר מְשׁ‎ Prov 29:15 a boy let loose (unrestrained). Hiph`il Perfect 1 singular ‎וְהִשְׁלַחְתִּ֫י‎ and I (‎׳‎‎י‎) will send famine, ‎בָּאָרֶץ‎ Amos 8:11, compare Ezek 14:13, wild beasts; ‎ב‎ person Lev 26:22 (H); Participle ‎מַשְׁלִיחַ‎, accusative of flies, ‎ב‎ person Exod 8:17* (J); Infinitive construct ‎לְהַשְׁלִיחַ‎ accusative of foe, ‎ב‎ of a people 2Kgs 15:37.

Brown-Driver-Briggs References