Lexical Definition

‎מִשְׁפָּט‎ mishpâṭ (mish-pawt') justice: judgement ^H:N-M
from ‎שָׁפַט‎

[phrase] adversary, ceremony, charge, [idiom] crime, custom, desert, determination, discretion, disposing, due, fashion, form, to be judged, judgment, just(-ice, -ly), (manner of) law(-ful), manner, measure, (due) order, ordinance, right, sentence, usest, [idiom] worthy, [phrase] wrong.

• properly, a verdict (favorable or unfavorable) pronounced judicially, especially a sentence or formal decree (human or (participant's) divine law, individual or collective), including the act, the place, the suit, the crime, and the penalty
• abstractly, justice, including a participant's right or privilege (statutory or customary), or even a style

1) judgment, justice, ordinance
1a) judgment
1a1) act of deciding a case
1a2) place, court, seat of judgment
1a3) process, procedure, litigation (before judges)
1a4) case, cause (presented for judgment)
1a5) sentence, decision (of judgment)
1a6) execution (of judgment)
1a7) time (of judgment)
1b) justice, right, rectitude (attributes of God or man)
1c) ordinance
1d) decision (in law)
1e) right, privilege, due (legal)
1f) proper, fitting, measure, fitness, custom, manner, plan

See Greek: ἀδίκημα · ἀληθεύω · ἀρχή · δίκαιος · δικαιοσύνη · δικαίωμα · δικαίωσις · δίκη · εἶδος · ἐντολή · ἐπιστροφή · καθήκω · κρίμα · κρίσις · κριτήριον · νόμος

Extended Information

meaning of: מִשְׁפָּט

• : justice/right/righteousness

Brown-Driver-Briggs

‎מִשְׁפָּט‎₄₂₂ noun masculine^{Gen 40:13} judgment; — absolute ‎מִשְׁפָּט‎ Exod 21:31 + 203 t., + ‎לְשְִׁ֯פָּט‎ Ezek 44:24 (but read Kt ‎לִשְׁפֹּט‎ with ᵐ5 ᵑ7 ᵑ6 Co and others); construct ‎מִשְׁפַּט‎ Exod 23:6 + 50 t.; suffix ‎מִשְׁפָּטִי‎ Isa 40:27 +; ‎מִשְׁפָּטָם‎ Jer 49:12 +; ‎מִשְׁפָּטָן‎ Num 27:5 plural ‎מִשְׁפָּטִים‎ Jer 4:12 + 34 t.; suffix ‎מִשְׁפָּטֶיךָ‎ Deut 33:10 +, etc.; —

1. judgment:
a. act of deciding a case: ‎׳‎‎מ‎ be-longeth to God Deut 1:17, is from him Prov 16:33; Prov 29:26 ‎׳‎‎אֱלֹהֵי הַמּ‎ Mal 2:17 ‎׳‎‎חשֶׁן מ‎ Exod 28:15 the pouch of judgment, so vExod 28:29 vExod 28:30 (P); worn on heart of Aaron vExod 28:30 (P); ‎צֶדֶק‎ ‎׳‎‎מ‎ Deut 16:18 ‎׳‎‎הֵבִין מ‎ Job 32:9 ‎׳‎‎שׁפט מ‎ 1Kgs 3:28 ‎׳‎‎עשׂה מ‎ 1Kgs 3:28 ‎׳‎‎דְּבַר (ה)מ‎ Deut 17:9; 2Chr 19:6 ‎׳‎‎רוח מ‎ Isa 28:6 ‎במשׁפט‎ Lev 19:15; Lev 19:35 (H) Deut 1:17; Prov 16:10; Prov 24:23 ‎חאורים‎ ‎׳‎‎במ‎ Num 27:21 (P); ‎למשׁפט‎ Num 35:12; Josh 20:6 (P) Deut 17:8; Judg 4:5; 2Sam 15:2; 2Sam 15:6; 2Chr 19:8; Isa 34:5; Isa 41:1; Isa 54:17; Isa 59:11; Hab 1:12; Mal 3:5; Ps 9:8*; Ps 35:23; Ps 76:10*; Ps 122:5; Job 9:19 (Ezek 44:24 see above).
b. place, court seat of judgment Deut 25:1; 1Kgs 7:7; Isa 28:6; Eccl 3:16.
c. process, procedure, litigation before judges: ‎׳‎‎הֵבִיא במ‎ Job 14:3; Eccl 11:9; Eccl 12:14 ‎׳‎‎בא במ‎, with ‎עם‎ Isa 3:14; Job 22:4, with ‎את‎ Ps 143:2, with ‎יחדו‎ Job 9:32, ‎׳‎‎חלד במ‎ Job 34:23, compare Ezek 34:16; Ps 112:5 plural ‎דבּר משׁפטים‎, with ‎את‎ litigate with Jer 1:16; Jer 4:12; Jer 12:1; Jer 39:5 = Jer 52:9, singular ‎מִשְׁפָּט‎ in || 2Kgs 25:6, by error.
d. case or cause presented for judgment: ‎׳‎‎בעל מ‎ Isa 50:8 ‎׳‎‎ערךְ מ‎ Job 13:18; Job 23:4 ‎׳‎‎שׁמע מ‎ 1Kgs 3:11 ‎׳‎‎שׁפט מ‎ Lam 3:59, compare Num 27:5 (P) 2Sam 15:4.
e. sentence, decision of judgment: ‎כן משׁפטךָ‎ 1Kgs 20:40 thus is thy sentence; ‎׳‎‎עת ומ‎ Eccl 8:5; Eccl 8:6 time and sentence; ‎׳‎‎על מ‎ Deut 17:11 according to the sentence; ‎מָוֶת‎ ‎׳‎‎מ‎ Deut 19:6; Deut 21:22; Jer 26:11; Jer 26:16 ‎דמים‎ ‎׳‎‎מ‎ Ezek 7:23, compare Hab 1:4 (twice in verse); Ps 7:7*; Ps 17:2; Ezek 23:45 plural only Ezek 16:68 ‎משׁפטֵי נאפות‎; Hos 6:5 read singular ‎מִשְׁפָּטִי בָאוֺד‎ for ‎מִשְׁפָּטֶיךָ אוֺר‎ after ᵐ5 ᵑ6 ᵑ7 Ew Hi Che and most modern feminine execution of judgment, in general, ‎׳‎‎עשׂה מ‎, with ‎בֵּין‎ Jer 7:5; Ezek 18:8, compare Deut 32:41; Zeph 3:8 with ‎בְּ‎ against Ps 119:84; Ps 149:9 ‎ב‎ omitted Ps 9:17*; Ezek 39:21, ‎בא אל‎ ‎׳‎‎מ‎ Jer 48:21, ‎׳‎‎ברוח מ‎ Isa 4:4, ‎מואב‎ ‎׳‎‎מ‎ Jer 48:47, compare Isa 53:8; Jer 51:9; Hos 5:1; Hos 5:11; Hos 10:4; Job 36:17 plural Isa 26:8; Isa 26:9; Ezek 5:8; Zeph 3:15; Ps 10:5 in favour of, ‎עשׂה משׁפטִי‎ Mic 7:9; Ps 9:5* ‎לעשׁוקים‎ ‎׳‎‎מ‎ Ps 146:7 ‎והציל‎ ‎׳‎‎דין מ‎ Jer 21:12, compare Zech 7:9; Zech 8:16 plural Ps 48:12* = Ps 97:8; Ps 6; Ps 5; Ps 7 = 1Chr 16:12; 1Chr 16:14.
g. time of judgment, ‎׳‎‎לִא יקומו במ‎ Ps 1:5 (late; probably judgment of the resurrection).

2. attribute of the ‎שֹׁפֵט‎, justice, right, rectitude:
a. of God, ‎׳‎‎אלהי מ‎ Isa 30:18 ‎׳‎‎הֲשֹׁפֵט כָּלהָֿאָרֶץ לֹא יַעֲשֶׂה מ‎ Gen 18:25 (J), compare Job 40:8; Deut 32:4; Ps 111:7 he loves it Ps 33:5; Ps 37:28; Ps 99:4 ‎׳‎‎צדק ומ‎ Hos 2:21*; Ps 89:15* = Ps 97:2 will not pervert it Job 8:3; Job 34:12, compare Job 37:23 ‎כמשׁפטךָ‎ Ps 119:149 (|| ‎חסדךָ‎); ‎מִשְׁפָּֽטְךָ תְּהוֺם רָבָּה‎ Ps 36:7* (read singular).
b. of man: ‎׳‎‎אַשְׁרֵי שֹׁמְרֵי מ‎ Ps 106:8 (|| ‎צדקה‎); the tongue of the wise speaketh ‎׳‎‎מ‎ Ps 37:30 so of thoughts ‎׳‎‎מ‎ Prov 12:5 put on ‎׳‎‎מ‎ as robe Job 29:14, chosen Job 34:4 ‎׳‎‎עשׂה מ‎: God requires that man should do it Mic 6:8; Isa 1:17; Isa 56:1, compare Isa 61:8 it is the joy of the righteous Prov 21:15 rulers should know it Mic 3:1, compare Prov 29:4 wicked ruler ‎׳‎‎שׂוֺנֵא מ‎ Job 34:17 abhors it Mic 3:9, compare Prov 19:28; Prov 21:7; Prov 28:5.

3. ordinance promulgated by ‎שֹׁפֵט‎: 1Sam 8:9; 1Sam 8:11; 1Sam 10:25 (law of king); Levitical ordinances Lev 5:10; Lev 9:16 + 13 t. P, 1Chr 15:13; 1Chr 24:19; 2Chr 4:7; 2Chr 4:20; 2Chr 8:14; 2Chr 35:13; Neh 8:18 ‎׳‎‎חק ומ‎ Exod 15:25; Josh 24:25 (E) 1Sam 30:25, compare Ps 81:5* ‎׳‎‎חקת מ‎ Num 27:11; Num 35:29 (P); divine law in general ‎יהוה‎ ‎׳‎‎מ‎ Jer 8:7 ‎׳‎‎מ‎ ‎אלהים‎ Isa 58:2; Jer 5:4; Jer 5:5 (|| ‎דֶּרֶךְ‎), compare Ps 25:9 || ‎תורה‎ Isa 42:4; Isa 51:4; Ezra 7:10 compare Zeph 2:3; Ps 119:43; Ps 119:160 plural of particular ordinances Deut 33:10; Deut 33:21 (poem), Isa 58:2; Ezek 44:24; Ps 19:10*; Ps 119:7 + 16 t., Ps 147:20.

4. decision of the ‎שֹׁפֵט‎ in a case of law (see Br^{Hexateuch 252 sq}.): singular of particular decision of a case Exod 21:31 (E); plural of series of decisions Exod 21:1; Exod 24:3 (JE) Deut 7:12 (D²); in covt. code and D, collection of pentads in conditional or temporal compare, with ‎כּי‎ or ‎אם‎ in D, and subject in combination, ‎חקים ומשׁפטים‎ Deut 4:1. 5. 8. 14. 45 +; in code of H and after, in combination ‎חקות ומשׁפטים‎, Lev 18:4; Lev 18:5; Lev 18:26; Lev 19:37 +; (the specific type of these laws in H is ‎אִישׁ כִּי‎, over against ‎נפשׁ כי‎ or ‎אדם כי‎ in code of P, see Br^{Hexateuch 254 f.}); other combinations, redactional and later, Lev 26:46; Num 36:13; Deut 30:16; 2Kgs 17:37; 2Chr 33:8; Neh 9:13; Ps 18:23*; Ps 89:31*; Ps 147:19.

5. one's (legal) right, privilege, due: ‎הַכּהֲנִים‎ ‎׳‎‎מ‎ Deut 18:3 due of the priests, ‎הַבְּכֹרָה‎ ‎׳‎‎מ‎ Deut 21:17 ‎׳‎‎מ‎ ‎הַגְּאֻלָּה‎ Jer 32:7 right of redemption; ‎הַיְרֻשָּׁה‎ ‎׳‎‎מ‎ vJer 32:8 ‎׳‎‎הִטָּה מ‎ Exod 23:6 (E) wrest right, so Deut 16:19; Deut 23:6*; Deut 24:17; Deut 27:19; Deut 1:3; , compare Prov 18:5 ‎יְתוֺם‎ ‎׳‎‎מ‎ Deut 10:18 ‎אביון‎ ‎׳‎‎מ‎ Exod 23:6 (E) Jer 5:28; Ps 140:13* ‎עניים‎‎׳‎‎מ‎ Isa 10:2; Job 36:6 ‎׳‎‎הסיר מ‎ Job 27:2; Job 34:5, compare Isa 40:27; Isa 49:4.

6. a. proper, fitting, measure 1Kgs 5:8* fitness Isa 28:26; Isa 40:14 (of fitness in the order of nature; compare Di).
b. custom, manner: ‎הכהנים‎ ‎׳‎‎מ‎ 1Sam 2:13 custom of the priests (rightful due, according to Th We Dr and most); ‎מִשְׁפָּטוֺ‎ 1Sam 27:11 his (David's) custom; ‎׳‎‎מ‎ ‎הגוים‎ 2Kgs 17:33 manner of the nations, compare 2Kgs 17:26; 2Kgs 17:27 (Rs^{sem. 1, 24, 2nd ed. 23}); ‎׳‎‎כמ‎ after the manner, custom, fashion (of) Gen 40:13; Exod 21:9 (E) Judg 18:7; 1Kgs 18:28; 2Kgs 11:14; 2Kgs 17:34; 1Chr 6:17*; Ezek 42:11; Ps 119:132.
c. ‎מה משׁפט‎ Judg 13:12 what manner of a boy, compare 2Kgs 1:7.
d. plan . . . of the tabernacle Exod 26:30 (P); temple 1Kgs 6:38 palace Jer 30:18.

Brown-Driver-Briggs References