Lexical Definition

‎אָסַף‎ ʼâçaph (aw-saf') to gather ^H:V
a primitive root

assemble, bring, consume, destroy, felch, gather (in, together, up again), [idiom] generally, get (him), lose, put all together, receive, recover (another from leprosy), (be) rereward, [idiom] surely, take (away, into, up), [idiom] utterly, withdraw.

• to gather for any purpose
• hence, to receive, take away, i.e. remove (destroy, leave behind, put up, restore, etc.)

1) to gather, receive, remove, gather in
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to gather, collect
1a2) to gather (an individual into company of others)
1a3) to bring up the rear
1a4) to gather and take away, remove, withdraw
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to assemble, be gathered
1b2) (pass of Qal 1a2)
1b2a) to be gathered to one's fathers
1b2b) to be brought in or into (association with others)
1b3) (pass of Qal 1a4)
1b3a) to be taken away, removed, perish
1c) (Piel)
1c1) to gather (harvest)
1c2) to take in, receive into
1c3) rearguard, rearward (subst)
1d) (Pual) to be gathered
1e) (Hithpael) to gather oneself or themselves

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Brown-Driver-Briggs

‎אָסַף‎₂₀₀ verb gather, remove (Assyrian asâpu, Dl^{Pr 45}) —

Qal Perfect ‎אָסַף‎ Gen 30:23 +; ‎אָסַפְתָּ‎ Ps 85:4*, etc.; Imperfect ‎יֶּאֱסֹף‎ 2Kgs 5:3 ‎יַאַסְפֵנִי‎ Ps 27:10, etc.; also ‎וַיֹּסֶף‎ 2Sam 6:1 2 masculine singular ‎תֹּסֵף‎ Ps 104:29 1 singular ‎אֹסְפָה‎ Mic 4:6 so probably (suffix) ‎אִֹ˜ספְךָ‎ 1Sam 15:6 (read ‎אֹסִפְךָ‎) see Kö^{i. 382} Dr^Sm; Imperative ‎אֱסֹף‎ Num 21:16 + ‎אֶסְפָה‎ Num 11:16 2 feminine singular ‎אִסְפִּי‎ Jer 10:17 ‎אִסְפוּ‎ Ps 50:5 +; Infinitive absolute ‎אָסֹף‎ Jer 8:13 + (Hiph`il, from ‎סוף‎ according to Ba<sup>NB 73</sup>); construct ‎אֱסֹף‎ 2Kgs 5:7 +; ‎אָסְפְּךָ‎ Exod 23:16 ‎אָסְפְּכֶם‎ Lev 23:39 Participle active ‎אֹסֵף‎ Num 19:10 ‎אֹסִפְךָ‎ 2Kgs 22:20; 2Chr 34:28 (pointed ‎אִֹ˜ספְךָ‎ i.e. Hiph`il; compare Kö^l.c.); ‎אֹסְפָם‎ Ps 39:7* passive plural construct ‎אֲסֻפֵי‎ Ezek 34:29 —

1. gather, collect
(a) persons Gen 29:22; Gen 42:17 (followed by ‎אֶלֿ‎) Exod 3:16; Exod 4:29; Num 11:16; Num 11:24; Num 21:16; Josh 2:18 (followed by ‎אֶלֿ‎ + ‎הֿ‎ locative) Josh 24:1 (followed by ‎הֿ‎ locative; all these J E); 1Sam 5:8; 1Sam 5:11; 2Kgs 23:1 (followed by ‎אֶלֿ‎) Josh 2:16; Isa 11:12; Zeph 3:8; Hab 2:5; Ezek 11:17 (all || ‎קבץ‎) +; collect men, people, armies, etc., for fighting Num 21:23 (E) Judg 11:20; 1Sam 17:1; 2Sam 10:17; 2Sam 12:29 +; compare Zech 14:2 (followed by ‎עַלֿ‎ against);
(b) once object beasts Jer 12:9
(c) things, especially fruits ofearth Exod 23:10; Exod 23:16 (Cov't code) Lev 25:3; Lev 25:20; Lev 25:39 (H) Deut 11:14; Deut 16:13; Deut 28:38; Isa 17:5; Jer 40:10; Jer 40:12; Job 39:12; Ps 39:7* compare Ruth 2:7 (|| ‎לקט‎ glean); the quails Num 11:32 (twice in verse); food in general (‎מַאֲכָל‎) Gen 6:21 (followed by ‎אֶלֿ‎); eggs Isa 10:14 money 2Kgs 22:4; 2Chr 24:11 ashes of red heifer Num 19:9; Num 19:10 chariots 1Kgs 10:26; 2Chr 1:14, etc.; of fisherman (‎בְּמִכְמַרְתּוֺ‎, in metaphor) Hab 1:15 of collecting wind Prov 30:4 ‎מִי‎ ‎רֿוּחַ בְּחָפְנָיו‎‎׳‎‎א‎.

2. gather an individual into company of others:
(a) object person especially gather to one's father 2Kgs 22:20 (‎עַלאֲֿבֹתֶיךָ‎) = 2Chr 34:28 (‎אֶלֿ‎; both || Niph`al of same verb q. v. ); hence also
(b) bring, object person 1Sam 14:52 (on form here see Dr) 2Sam 11:27 (both followed by ‎אֶלֿ‎), association, responsibility, protection being implied; also of stray ox or sheep Deut 22:2 (followed by ‎אֶלתּֿוֺח‎); hence also
(c) take up, care for, subject ‎׳‎‎י‎ Ps 27:10 (compare perhaps Isa 40:11 ‎קבץ‎);
(d) draw up the feet upon the bed (‎אֶלֿ‎) Gen 49:33.

3. bring up the rear of Isa 58:8 ‎יַאַסְפֶ֑ךָ‎ ‎׳‎‎כְּבוֺד י‎ i.e. be thy rear-guard (|| ‎הָלַח לְפָנֶיךָ צִדְקֶ֑ךָ‎) — Isa 52:12 has Pi`el ‎מְאַסִּפְכֶם‎ q. v.

4. gather and take away, remove, withdraw 1Sam 14:19 (object hand), Jer 10:17 (bundle, followed by ‎מִן‎), leprosy 2Kgs 5:11 (see ‎צרע‎); compare also ‎מִצָּרַעַת‎ ‎׳‎‎א‎, remove (set free) a man from leprosy v2Kgs 5:3 v2Kgs 5:6 v2Kgs 5:7; Gen 30:23; Isa 4:1 (reproach), Ps 85:4* (wrath, || ‎הֵשִׁיב‎), Jer 16:5 (peace, followed by ‎מִן‎), Joel 2:10; Joel 4:15* (light), Ps 26:9 (‎נֶפֶשׁ‎) so Judg 18:25; Ps 104:29 (‎רוּחַ‎) see also Job 34:14 (followed by ‎אֶלֿ‎); hence destroy 1Sam 15:6 object person); passive ‎אֲסֻפֵי רָעָב‎ destroyed with hunger Ezek 34:29 also Infinitive absolute Jer 8:13; Zeph 1:2 (joined with ‎הֵסִיף‎ from ‎סוף‎, see Kö^{i. 445}; considered Hiph`il Infinitive absolute by Ba<sup>NB 73</sup> see above) Niph`al Perfect ‎נֶאֱסַף‎ Num 27:13 + ‎נֶאֶסְפָה‎ Jer 48:33 etc.; Imperfect ‎יֵאָסֵף‎ Exod 9:19 +; ‎וַיֵּאָ֫סֶף‎ Gen 25:8 +; ‎יֵאָסֵפ֑וּן‎ Ps 104:22 etc.; Imperative ‎הֵאָסֵף‎ Deut 32:50 ‎הֵאָֽסְפִי‎ Jer 47:6 ‎הֵאָֽסְפוּ‎ Gen 49:1 +; Infinitive absolute ‎הֵאָסֹף‎ 2Sam 17:11 (on form compare Ba^{NB 74}); construct ‎הֵאָסֵף‎ Gen 29:7; Num 12:15 Participle ‎נֶאֱסָף‎ Gen 49:29 ‎נֶאֱסָפִים‎ 1Sam 13:11; Isa 13:14 ‎נֶאְסָפִים‎ Isa 57:1 —

1. assemble, be gathered, reflexive
(a) subject men Gen 49:1 (|| ‎קבץ‎ vGen 49:2), Isa 43:9 (|| ‎קבץ‎), 2Chr 30:3 (followed by ‎לְ‎) v2Chr 30:13 (followed by accusative of location), Ezra 3:1; Ezra 9:4; Neh 8:1; Neh 8:13 (all followed by ‎אֶלֿ‎) Neh 9:1; Neh 12:28 earlier mostly of assembling for war Gen 34:30 (followed by ‎עַלֿ‎), Josh 10:5; Judg 6:33; Judg 9:6; Judg 10:17 || ‎נצעק‎), Judg 20:11 (followed by ‎אֶלֿ‎) vJudg 20:14 (followed by ‎הֿ‎ locative), 1Sam 13:11 (followed by accusative of location) +;
(b) subject flocks, etc. Gen 29:3 (passive; followed by ‎שָׁמָּה‎) vGen 29:7 vGen 29:8 (all J); fish Num 11:22 (compare Hab 1:25 Qal);
(c) inanimate subject herbs Prov 27:25 water 2Sam 14:14 (in simile); bones for burial Jer 8:2 compare Jer 25:33 (bodies of slain) see also Ezek 29:5 (|| ‎קבץ‎ which Co reads ‎קבר‎), apparently = compose, arrange for burial. **So ‎יֵאָסֵף‎ Job 27:19 but read probably ‎יֹאסִף‎ = ‎יוֺסִף‎ (Exod 5:7), ‎ᵐ5‎ ‎ᵑ6‎ Ew De Di Du.

2. passive of Qal 2;
(a) be gathered to one's fathers ‎אֶלאֲֿבוֺתָיו‎‎׳‎‎נֶא‎ Judg 2:10 elsewhere to one's people ‎אֶלעַֿמָּיו‎ (all P) Gen 25:8; Gen 25:17; Gen 35:29 (|| ‎וַיִּגְוַע וַיָּמָת‎) Gen 49:29; Gen 49:33 (|| ‎גוע‎), Num 20:24; Num 20:26 (|| ‎מות‎ Num 27:13 (twice in verse); Num 31:2; Deut 32:50 (twice in verse) (both || ‎מות‎); also ‎אֶלקִֿבְרֹתֶיךָ‎ 2Kgs 22:20 = 2Chr 34:28 both || Qal q. v.); hence also
(b) be brought in (into association with others, etc.) Num 12:14; Num 12:15 (E) of Miriam, after leprosy; also reflexive betake oneself, of Moses Num 11:30 (E), compare 2Sam 17:13 (both followed by ‎אֶלֿ‎); even with inanimate subject Jer 47:6 ‎הֵאָֽסְפִי‎ ‎אֶלתַּֿעְרֵח‎ (addressed to sword); of man & beast brought home (followed by ‎הֿ‎ locative) for protection Exod 9:19.

3. Pass. of Qal 4; be taken away, removed, perish, of men Isa 57:1 (twice in verse) (|| ‎אבד‎); fish Hos 4:3 gladness Isa 16:10; Jer 48:33 (followed by ‎מִן‎); also reflexive, withdraw itself, of moon Isa 60:20 (|| ‎בוא שׁמשׁ‎). Pi`el Participle ‎מְאַסֵּף‎ Num 10:25 +; ‎מְאָֽסְפָיו‎ Isa 62:9 (so BD see Kö ^{i. 201}); ‎מְאַסִּפְכֶם‎ Isa 52:12 —

1. gather harvest Isa 62:9 (|| ‎קבץ‎); bodies for burial Jer 9:21*.

2. take in, receive into (followed by ‎בַּיְתָה‎) Judg 19:15; Judg 19:18.

3. as substantive rearguard, rearward Num 10:25 (P) Josh 6:9; Josh 6:13 (both E); figurative of God Isa 52:12. Pu`al Perfect ‎וְאֻסַּף‎ (cons.) Isa 33:4; Zech 14:14 etc.; Participle ‎מְאֻסָּף‎ Ezek 38:12 — be gathered, of men Isa 24:22; Hos 10:10 (followed by ‎עַל‎ against), Ezek 38:12 booty Isa 33:4 wealth Zech 14:14. Hithpa`el Infinitive ‎הִתְאַסֵּף‎ Deut 33:5 gather themselves.

Brown-Driver-Briggs References