Lexical Definition

‎λίθος‎ líthos (lee'-thos) stone ^G:N-M
apparently a primary word

(mill-, stumbling-)stone.

• a stone (literally or figuratively)

Abbott-Smith

λίθος, -ου, ὁ (and, in Att., of precious stones, ἡ.), [in LXX for אֶבֶן, Ge 11:3, al.; λ. τίμιος, for פָּז, Ps 18 (19):10 20 (21):3, Pr 8:19, al.;]
a stone: Mt 4:6, al.; pl., Mt 3:9, al.; at the entrance of a tomb, Mt 27:60, 66 28:2, Mk 15:46 16:3, 4, Lk 24:2, Jo 11:38, 39, 41 20:1; λ. μυλικός, Lk 17:2, cf. Re 18:21; of building stones, Mt 21:42, 44] 24:2, Mk 12:10 13:1, 2, Lk 19:44 20:17, 18 21:5, 6 Ac 4:11, I Pe 2:7; metaph., of Christ, λ. ἀκρογωναῖος, ἐκλεκτός, ἔντιμος, I Pe 2:6(LXX); λ. ζῶν, I Pe 2:4; προσκόμματος, I Pe 2:8, Ro 9:33; of Christians, λ. ζῶντες, I Pe 2:5; of precious stones, λ. τίμιος, Re 17:4 18:12, 16 21:11, 19; ἴασπις, Re 4:3; ἐνδεδυμένοι λ. καθαρόν, Re 15:6 (λίνον, Rec., R, mg., v. Swete, in l.); metaph., λ. τίμιοι, I Co 3:12; of the tables of the law, II Co 3:7; of idols, Ac 17:29.

Abbott-Smith References

Liddell-Scott-Jones

λίθος [ῐ], ου,

o((see. below 11), stone, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; especially of the stones thrown by warriors, τρηχὺς λ., λ. ὀκριόεις, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; also, stonequoit, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; of building- stones, λίθοι βασιλικοί [Refs 5th c.BC+]; λίθον ἕψειν 'to lose one's labour', [Refs 5th c.BC+]; also of stupid persons, 'blockheads', λίθοι [Refs 6th c.BC+]; λ. τις, ou) dou/lh [Refs 3rd c.BC+]; προσηγορεύθη διὰ τὸ μὴ φρονεῖν λ., of Niobe, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; λίθῳ λαλεῖς proverbial of ἀναίσθητοι, [Refs]

__2 stone as a substance, opposed to wood, flesh, etc., ἐπεὶ οὔ σφι λ. χρὼς οὐδὲ σίδηρος [Refs 8th c.BC+]; λαοὺς δὲ λίθους ποίησε turned into stone, petrified,[Refs 8th c.BC+]; as an emblem of hard-heartedness, σοὶ δ᾽ αἰεὶ κραδίη στερεωτέρη ἐστὶ λίθοιο [Refs 3rd c.BC+]
__II λίθος, ἡ, twice in [Refs 8th c.BC+]: later mostly of some special stone, as the magnet is called Μαγνῆτις λ. by [λίθος simply in 3rd c.AD: Democritus Epigrammaticus 11k, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Physica” 267a2, compare variant “de An.” 405a20)">Refs 5th c.BC+]; also Λυδία λ. by [Refs 5th c.BC+] = touchstone); Ἡρακλεία λ. by [Refs 5th c.BC+]; so of a touchstone, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἡ διαφανὴς λ. a piece of crystal used for a burning-glass, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; χυτὴ λ. was perhaps a kind of glass, and so an older name for ὕαλος, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; λ. = precious stone is feminine in [Refs 5th c.BC+]; in the sense of marble mostly masculine, λευκὸς λ. [λίθος 1.164), 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 330 (λευκοὶ λ. is opposed to πέτρινοι λ. “Supp.epigram” 4.446.8 (from Didyma))">Refs 5th c.BC+]; Πάριος λ. [Refs 5th c.BC+]; λ. Θάσιος, Αἰγύπτιος, etc., [Refs 5th c.BC+]; compare λυχνίας, -ίτη; πώρινος λ. tufa, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II.2 collectively, πέφυκε λίθος.. ἄφθονος, ἐξ οὗ.. [Refs 5th c.BC+]
__III grave-stone (feminine), [Refs 3rd c.BC+]
__IV at Athens, λίθος, ὁ, was a name for various blocks of stone used for rostra or platforms, as,
__IV.1 the βῆμα (which see) of the Pnyx, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
__IV.2 another in the ἀγορά used by the κήρυκες, [Refs 1st c.AD+]; probably the same as ὁ πρατὴρ λ., on which the auctioneer stood when selling slaves, etc., [Refs 2nd c.AD+]
__IV.3 an altar in the ἀγορά, at which the Thesmothetae, arbitrators, and witnesses took their oaths, [λίθος}), 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Ἀθηναίων Πολιτεία” 7.1, 55.5, 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Solon” 25 ">Refs 4th c.BC+]; compare λιθωμότης.
__IV.4 two stones on which litigants stood in the Areopagus, [Refs 2nd c.AD+]
__V piece on a draughtboard, [Refs 7th c.BC+]
__VI in Medicine texts, stone in the bladder, calculus, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
__VII Δία λίθον ὀμνύναι, = Latin Jovem lapidem jurare, [Refs 2nd c.BC+]
__VIII λίθοι χαλάζης hail- stones, [LXX]
__IX λ. ὁ οὐ λ. the philosophers' stone, [Refs 5th c.BC+]

_{LSJ Scripture Refs: LXX.Josh.10.11}