Lexical Definition

‎צְדָקָה‎ tsᵉdâqâh (tsed-aw-kaw') righteousness ^H:N-F
from ‎צָדַק‎

justice, moderately, right(-eous) (act, -ly, -ness).

• rightness (abstractly), subjectively (rectitude), objectively (justice), morally (virtue) or figuratively (prosperity)

1) justice, righteousness
1a) righteousness (in government)
1a1) of judge, ruler, king
1a2) of law
1a3) of Davidic king Messiah
1b) righteousness (of God's attribute)
1c) righteousness (in a case or cause)
1d) righteousness, truthfulness
1e) righteousness (as ethically right)
1f) righteousness (as vindicated), justification, salvation
1f1) of God
1f2) prosperity (of people)
1g) righteous acts

See Greek: δίκαιος · δικαιοσύνη · δικαιόω · δικαίωμα · ἐλεημοσύνη · εὐφροσύνη · κρίμα

Extended Information

• Aramaic equivalent: tsid.qah (‎צ‎ִ‎ד‎ְ‎ק‎ָ‎ה‎ "righteousness" צִדְקָה)

Brown-Driver-Briggs

‎צְדָקָה‎₁₅₇ noun feminine righteousness; — absolute ‎׳‎‎צ‎ Gen 15:6+81 t.; construct ‎צִדְקַת‎ Deut 33:21+5 t.; suffix ‎צִדְקָתִי‎ Gen 30:33 +, etc.; plural ‎צְדָקוֺת‎ Isa 33:15+3 t.; construct ‎צִדְקוֺת‎ Judg 5:11+; suffix ‎צִדְקֹתֶיךָ‎ Dan 9:16, etc.; —

1. righteousness, in government:
a. of judge, ruler, king: || ‎משׁפט‎ Isa 5:7; Isa 9:6*; Amos 5:7; Amos 6:12 ‎׳‎‎משׁפט וצ‎ 2Sam 8:15, ‎עשׂה‎ David executed justice and righteousness = 1Chr 18:14, compare 1Kgs 10:9 = 2Chr 9:8; Jer 22:3; Jer 22:15; Jer 33:15; Ezek 45:9 ‎יִכּוֺן כִּסֵּא‎ ‎׳‎‎בּצ‎ Prov 16:12, compare Isa 54:14 ‎׳‎‎עֲבֹדַת השׂ‎, ‎׳‎‎מַעֲשֵׂה הצ‎ Isa 32:17, compare V:16; ‎׳‎‎נֹגְשַׂיִךְ צ‎ Isa 60:17.
b. of law, || ‎משׁפטים‎, ‎׳‎‎צִדְקַת י‎ Deut 33:21.
c. of Davidic king, Messiah, || ‎משׁפט‎, Ps 72:1; Ps 72:3; Isa 9:6*; Jer 23:5; Jer 33:15.

2. God's attribute as sovereign Ps 36:7*; Ps 71:19 in government, ‎עשׂה‎ ‎׳‎‎משׁפט וצ‎ Ps 99:4; Jer 9:23* administering justice Job 37:28 punishment Isa 1:27; Isa 5:16; Isa 10:22; Isa 28:17; Dan 9:7 vindication of his people Mic 7:9.

3. righteousness, in a case or cause, ‎בצדקתי החזקתי‎ Job 27:6 on my righteousness I hold fast; ‎׳‎‎מה ישׁ לי עוד צ‎ 2Sam 19:29* what right have I yet ? of God's judgments, ‎׳‎‎הגיד צ‎ Isa 57:12 (iron.); ‎׳‎‎השׁיב צ‎ 1Sam 26:23; Job 33:26 ‎׳‎‎כּצ‎, ‎השׁיב‎ 2Sam 22:25, ‎גמל‎ v2Sam 22:21, ‎נתן‎ 1Kgs 8:52 = 2Chr 6:23.

4. righteousness = truthfulness, ‎׳‎‎באמת ובצ‎ Isa 48:1; Zech 8:8 in word Isa 45:28; Isa 63:1, oath Jer 4:2.

5. righteousness, as ethically right: Gen 30:33 (J) Deut 6:25; Isa 33:5; Isa 41:18; Ezek 14:14; Ezek 14:20; Prov 10:2; Prov 11:4; Prov 11:5; Prov 11:18; Prov 11:19+17 t., +‎צִדְקַת (ה)צַדִּיק(יםׅ‎ Isa 5:23; Ezek 18:20; Ezek 33:12 ‎ישׁרים‎ ‎׳‎‎צ‎ Prov 11:6 ‎׳‎‎אֹרַח צ‎ Prov 8:20; Prov 12:28 ‎׳‎‎דֶּרֶךְ צ‎ Prov 16:31 ‎׳‎‎עשׂה צ‎ do righteousness Ps 106:3; Isa 56:1; Isa 58:2; Ezek 18:22 ‎׳‎‎עשׂה משׁפט וצ‎ Ezek 18:5 +6 t. Ezekiel; ‎ומשׁפט‎ ‎׳‎‎עשׂה צ‎ Gen 18:10 (J) Prov 21:8 ‎׳‎‎רדף צ‎ Prov 15:9; Prov 21:21 ‎׳‎‎הלך באמת ובצ‎ 1 k Prov 3:6 ‎׳‎‎חשׁב לוֺ (ל)צ‎ Gen 15:6 (JE) imputed to him (for) righteousness, Ps 106:31 ‎וָחֶסֶד‎ ‎׳‎‎צ‎ Prov 21:21 (twice in verse) (strike out ᵐ5^{A B} Toy).

6. righteousness as vindicated, justification, salvation, etc. (compare ‎צֶדֶק‎ 6):
a. of God || ‎יָשַׁע‎, ‎תְּשׁוּעָה‎, ‎יְשׁוּעָה‎ Isa 45:8; Isa 46:13; Isa 51:6 +7 t. Isa²; || ‎בְּרָכָה‎ Ps 24:6 || ‎נַחֲלָה‎ Isa 54:17 || ‎חֶסֶד‎ Ps 36:11*; Ps 103:17 ‎׳‎‎שֶׁמֶשׁ צ‎ Mal 3:20* sun of righteousness (with healing); ‎׳‎‎בִּצ‎, ‎׳‎‎י‎ delivers, guides, exalts his people Ps 5:9*; Ps 31:2*; Ps 71:2; Ps 89:17*; Ps 119:40; Ps 143:1; Ps 143:11 ‎אַליָֿבאֹוּ בְּצִדְקָתֶ֑ךָ‎ Ps 69:28* (of wicked); as accusative after verbs of declaring, etc., his saving (delivering) righteousness Ps 22:32*; Ps 40:11*; Ps 51:16*; Ps 71:15; Ps 71:16; Ps 71:24; Ps 98:2; Ps 145:7 also ‎׳‎‎יִוָּדַע צ‎ Ps 88:13* ‎עֹמֶדֶת‎ ‎׳‎‎צ‎ ‎לָעַד‎ his righteousness endureth for ever Ps 111:3 compare Ps 119:142.
b. of people, = prosperity, || ‎הון‎, ‎עשׁר‎ Prov 8:18 ‎׳‎‎מוֺרֶה לצ‎ early rain for prosperity Joel 2:23.

7. plural righteous acts:
a. of God Judg 5:11 (twice in verse); 1Sam 12:7; Mic 6:5 vindication of right Ps 103:6 redemptive Isa 45:24; Dan 9:16.
b. of man's moral conduct Isa 64:5*; Jer 51:10, also probably Ezek 3:20; Ezek 18:24; Ezek 33:13 (Kt singular) Ps 11:7 (? gloss), Dan 9:18 as adverb accusative, ‎הֹלֵךְ צְדָקוֺת‎ Isa 33:15.

Brown-Driver-Briggs References