Lexical Definition

‎נֶגֶד‎ neged (neh'-ghed) before ^H:A
from ‎נָגַד‎

about, (over) against, [idiom] aloof, [idiom] far (off), [idiom] from, over, presence, [idiom] other side, sight, [idiom] to view.

• a front, i.e. part opposite
• specifically a counterpart, or mate
• usually (adverbial, especially with preposition) over against or before

subst
1) what is conspicuous, what is in front of
adv
2) in front of, straight forward, before, in sight of
3) in front of oneself, straightforward
4) before your face, in your view or purpose
with prep
5) what is in front of, corresponding to
6) in front of, before
7) in the sight or presence of
8) parallel to
9) over, for
10) in front, opposite
11) at a distance
prep
12) from the front of, away from
13) from before the eyes of, opposite to, at a distance from
14) from before, in front of
15) as far as the front of

See Greek: βλέπω · ἐναντίον · ἐναντίον · ἐναντίος · ἐναντίος · ἔρχομαι · εὐθέως · εὐθύς · ἔχω · ὅμοιος · οὖς

Extended Information

• subst
• adv
• with prep
• prep
• Aramaic equivalent: ne.ged (‎נ‎ֶ֫‎ג‎ֶ‎ד‎ "before" נֶגֶד)

Brown-Driver-Briggs

‎נֶ֫גֶד‎₁₅₁ substantive what is conspicuous or in front, always as adverb or preposition in front of, in sight of, opposite to, ‎נֶ֑גֶד‎, construct ‎נֶגֶד‎, suffix ‎נֶגְדִּי‎ Ps 38:11* +, ‎נֶגְדְּךָ‎ Ps 38:10* +, etc.; with ‎ה‎ locative ‎נֶ֫גְדָּה‎ Ps 116:14; Ps 116:18 —

1. as adverb accusative in front of,
a. locally (rather stronger and distincter than ‎לִפְנֵי‎),
(a) Gen 31:32 ‎נֶגֶד אַחֵינוּ הַכֶּרנָֿא‎ in front of our brethren own it, now, vGen 31:37; Gen 47:15 ‎ולמה נמות‎ ‎נגדך‎ why should we die in thy sight ? Exod 19:2 Israel encamped ‎נגד ההר‎ in front of the mountain, Exod 34:10 ‎נגד כלעֿמך אעשׂה נִפְלָאֹת‎, before, in sight of, all thy people (compare Ps 78:12), Josh 3:16 the people passed over ‎נגד ירחו‎ in front of J., 1Kgs 20:27, etc.; Neh 3:23 in front of their house, vNeh 3:29 ‎נגד (כלׅ‎ ‎ישׂראל‎ Deut 31:11; Josh 8:35 = 1Sam 15:30; 2Sam 12:12 +; 1Kgs 21:13 set Naboth ‎נֶגֶד הָעָם‎; ‎׳‎‎נגד י‎ 1Sam 12:3; 1Sam 16:6 ‎מְשִׁיחוֺ‎ ‎׳‎‎אַךְ נֶגֶד י‎, so ‎נֶגְדִּי‎ Ps 89:37*, ‎נֶגְדּוֺ‎ Ps 18:13* ‎נגד‎ ‎השׁמשׁ‎ Num 25:4; 2Sam 12:12; Ps 22:26* ‎יראיו‎ ‎׳‎‎נ‎, Ps 52:11* (so in poetry ‎נֶגְדָּה לְ‎ Ps 116:14; Ps 116:18); hostilely, Job 10:17 with collateral idea of to the mortification of, Ps 23:5; Ps 31:20*, compare Joel 1:16 with collateral idea of being open or known to, Prov 15:11 ‎׳‎‎שׁאול ואבדון נגד י‎, Job 26:6; Ps 38:10* ‎נגדך כלתֿאותי‎ || ‎(ממך לא נסתרהׅ‎, Ps 69:20* (|| ‎יָדַעְתָּ‎), Ps 119:168; Isa 59:12 so ‎נֶגֶד פָּנַי הָיוּ‎ Hos 7:2.
(b) with reflexive suffix, and verb of motion, to go in front of oneself, i.e. straightforward, Josh 6:5 ‎ועלו העם אישׁ‎ ‎נגדו‎ each straightforward, vJosh 6:20; Amos 4:3; Jer 31:29; Neh 12:37, compare Prov 4:25.
b. mentally, = vividly present to, Ps 38:18* ‎ומכאובי נגדי תמיד‎, Ps 44:16*; Ps 51:5* ‎וחטאתי נגדי תמיד‎, Ps 109:15 ‎׳‎‎י‎ ‎׳‎‎נ‎ (remembered by): nearly = ‎בְּעֵינָיו‎, ‎כְּאַיִן נֶגְדּוֺ‎ Isa 40:17; Ps 39:6* so ‎׳‎‎וְנ‎ ‎פְּנֵיהֶם נְבוֺנִים‎ Isa 5:21. But Exod 10:10 ‎כי רעה נגד פניכם‎ before your face is = in your view, or purpose (compare ‎לא אשׁית לְנֶגֶד עֵינַי דברבֿליעל‎ Ps 101:3).

2. With prepositions:
a. ‎כְּנֶגֶד‎ according to what is in front of = corresponding to, Gen 2:18 I will make him ‎עֵזֶר כְּנֶגְדּוֺ‎ a help corresponding to him i.e. equal and adequate to himself, vGen 2:20 among the animals there was no ‎עֵזֶר כְּנֶגְדּוֺ‎. **Note that in Late Hebrew ‎מכנגד‎ = in front of, Ber 4:5; 9:5; Ab 2:10, ‎מכנגד פני‎ Git 7:7 and elsewhere.
b. ‎לְנֶגֶד‎ in front of, before, Gen 33:12 ‎וְֵ˜אלְכָה לְנֶנְדֶּ֑ךָ‎, Num 22:32; 2Kgs 1:13 fell on his knees ‎לנגד אליהו‎, Isa 1:7 your ground ‎לנגדכם זרים אֹכלים אותהּ‎; with ‎עָמַד‎ Josh 5:13; Dan 8:15; Dan 10:16, in a hostile sense vDan 10:13, compare Prov 21:30 in the sight or presence of, Hab 1:3 ‎וְשֹׁד וְחָמָס לְנֶגְדִּי‎, Ps 39:2* ‎בעוד רשׁע לנגדי‎, Ps 50:8 ‎ועולֹתיך לנגדי תמיד‎, Neh 3:37* opposite to (probably of opposite choirs), Neh 12:9; Neh 12:24 = parallel to, 1Chr 5:11 = over, for, a business (peculiar) Neh 11:22 figurative of what is visible morally, Ps 18:23* ‎כי כל משׁפטיו לנגדי‎ (|| ‎לֹא אָסִיר מֶנִּי‎), with to set or place Ps 16:8; Ps 54:5* ‎לא שׂמו אלהים לנגדם‎ (compare Ps 86:14,), Ps 90:8 often in the phrase ‎לְנֶגֶד עֵינֵי ֗֗֗ ‎, both literal, as Job 4:16 ‎תְּמוּנָה‎ ‎עֵינָ֑י‎ ‎׳‎‎לנ‎, Ps 5:6* ‎עיניך‎ ‎׳‎‎לא יתיצבו הוללים לנ‎ (compare Ps 101:7); and in a moral sense, Ps 18:25* ‎עיניו‎ ‎׳‎‎כְּבֹר ידי לנ‎, Ps 26:3 ‎עיני‎ ‎׳‎‎כי חסדך לנ‎ i.e. is ever present to my mind, Ps 36:2* ‎עיניו‎ ‎׳‎‎אין פחד אלהים לנ‎ i.e. he has no eye to discern God's awe-inspiring judgments (compare Ps 10:5); with ‎לא אשׁית‎ i.e. have in view, purpose (|| ‎שׂנאתי‎) Ps 101:3.
c. ‎מִנֶּגֶד‎
(a) adverb off (‎מִן‎ 1 c) the front, in front, opposite, ex adverso, Gen 21:16 ‎ותשׁב להּ מנגד‎ sat her down opposite, vGen 21:16, 2Kgs 2:7; Deut 28:66 ‎והיו חייך תלואים לך מנגד‎ shall be hung up for thee in front (i.e. suspended, as by a thread, in front of thee); Judg 9:17 ‎וישׁלך נפשׁו מנגד‎ and flung away his life in front or straight away (i.e. hazarded it); = some way off, from or at a distance, Num 2:2; Deut 32:52 ‎כי מִנֶּגֶד‎ ‎תראה את הארץ‎, 2Kgs 2:15 ‎׳‎‎וַיִּרְאֻהוּ מנ‎ at a distance, 2Kgs 3:22; 2Kgs 4:25 aloof, 2Sam 18:13 ‎ואתה תתיצב מנגד‎, Obad 1:11
(b) as a preposition
(a) from the front of, away from, Song 6:5 ‎הָסֵבִּי עֵינַיִךְ מִנֶּגְדִּי‎, 1Sam 26:20 ‎אליֿפֹל‎ ‎׳‎‎פני י‎ ‎׳‎‎דמי ארצה מנ‎; ‎מנגד עיני‎ from before the eyes of, with verbs of removing Isa 1:16, cutting off Ps 31:23*; Jonah 2:5*, hiding Amos 9:3; Jer 16:17. (β) opposite to, Neh 3:19; Neh 3:25; Neh 3:27 at a distance from, Ps 10:5 ‎מרום משׁפטיך מנגדו‎, Ps 38:12* ‎מנגד נגעי יעמדו‎. (γ) ‎מִנֶּגֶד לְ‎ from before, Prov 14:7, in front of Judg 20:34.
d. ‎עַד נֶגֶד‎ as far as the front of, Neh 3:16; Neh 3:26.

Brown-Driver-Briggs References