Lexical Definition

‎חָשַׁב‎ châshab (khaw-shab') to devise: design ^H:V
a primitive root

(make) account (of), conceive, consider, count, cunning (man, work, workman), devise, esteem, find out, forecast, hold, imagine, impute, invent, be like, mean, purpose, reckon(-ing be made), regard, think.

• properly, to plait or interpenetrate, i.e. (literally) to weave or (generally) to fabricate
• figuratively, to plot or contrive (usually in a malicious sense)
• hence (from the mental effort) to think, regard, value, compute

1) to think, plan, esteem, calculate, invent, make a judgment, imagine, count
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to think, account
1a2) to plan, devise, mean
1a3) to charge, impute, reckon
1a4) to esteem, value, regard
1a5) to invent
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be accounted, be thought, be esteemed
1b2) to be computed, be reckoned
1b3) to be imputed
1c) (Piel)
1c1) to think upon, consider, be mindful of
1c2) to think to do, devise, plan
1c3) to count, reckon
1d) (Hithpael) to be considered

See Greek: βουλεύω · διαλογίζομαι · δοκέω · ἐπιστρέφω · ἐπιχειρέω · εὐλαβέομαι · ἡγέομαι · κινδυνεύω · λαλέω · λογίζομαι · ποιέω · συλλογίζομαι · ὑπολαμβάνω · ὑφαντός · φροντίζω

Extended Information

• : count/regard_as

Brown-Driver-Briggs

Aramaic form: חֲשַׁב
‎חָשַׁב‎ verb think, account (Late Hebrew id.; Aramaic ‎חֲשַׁב‎, ; Arabic ; Ethiopic id.; Phoenician noun ‎חשב‎ meaning dubious see CIS^{i. 86}) —

Qal Perfect ‎׳‎‎ח‎ Isa 33:8 + 9 t.; ‎חָשַׁבְתָּה‎ 2Sam 14:13 etc.; Imperfect ‎יַחְשֹׁב‎ Isa 10:7 + 4 t.; ‎יַחֲשָׁבֿ‎ 2Sam 19:20*; Ps 40:18* suffix ‎יַחְשְׁבֵנִי‎ Job 19:11; Job 33:10 plural ‎יַחְשְׁבוּ‎ Ps 41:8*; Dan 11:25 ‎יַחְשֹׁ֑בוּ‎ Isa 13:17 ‎יַחֲשֹׁבוּן‎ Ps 35:20 ‎נַחְשְׁבָה‎ Jer 18:18, etc. + 9 t. Imperfect; Infinitive construct ‎לַחְשֹׁב‎ Exod 31:4 + 3 t.; Participle ‎חשֵׁב‎ Exod 26:1 + 15 t., ‎חוֺשֵׁב‎ 2Chr 26:15 ‎חשְׁבִים‎ Neh 6:2 + 3 t., ‎חשְׁבֵי‎ Mic 2:1 + 3 t.; —

I. of man:

1. think, account ‎לבבו לא כן יחשׁב‎ Isa 10:7 not so thinketh his mind; ‎חשׁבי שׁמוֺ‎ Mal 3:16 those thinking of his name; followed by 2 accusative ‎חשׁבנהו נגוע‎ Isa 53:4 we thought him stricken; elsewhere with accusative + ‎לְ‎ Gen 38:15 (J), 1Sam 1:13; Job 19:15; Job 35:2; Job 41:24* so, figurative, of crocodile Job 41:19* he reckoneth iron as straw.

2. devise, plan, mean, with accusative ‎מַחֲשֶׁבֶת רָעָה‎ Ezek 38:10, ‎רעה‎ Ps 35:4; Ps 140:3*; Zech 7:10; Zech 8:17, ‎תַּהְפֻּכ֑וֺת‎ Prov 16:30, ‎מְזִמּוֺת‎ Ps 10:2; Ps 21:12*, ‎דִּבְרֵי מִרְמוֺת‎ Ps 35:20, ‎אָוֶן‎ Mic 2:1; Ezek 11:2; Ps 36:5*, ‎הַוּוֺת‎ Ps 52:4* ‎רע(ה) על‎ ‎׳‎‎ח‎ devise evil against Gen 50:20 (E), Jer 48:2; Nah 1:11, ‎רעה לְ‎ ‎׳‎‎ח‎ Ps 41:8*, ‎מַחֲשֶׁבֶת על‎ ‎׳‎‎ח‎ Jer 11:19; Jer 18:18; Jer 49:30; Dan 11:25; Esth 8:3; Esth 9:25, ‎כזאת על‎ ‎׳‎‎ח‎ 2Sam 14:13 with infinitive 1Sam 18:25; Jer 18:8; Jer 23:27; Job 6:26; Neh 6:2; Neh 6:6; Esth 9:24; Ps 140:5* with ‎לבלתי‎ + Imperfect 2Sam 14:14 (where, however, Ew reads ‎חוֺבֵ‎ for ‎וחשׁב‎ compare We Dr; in this case ‎לבלתי‎ carries on ‎לֹא יִשָּׂא‎).

3. charge, impute ‎׳‎‎עון ל‎ ‎׳‎‎ח‎, 2Sam 19:20* impute iniquity to.

4. esteem, value, regard, silver Isa 13:17, a man Isa 33:8, the servant of ‎׳‎‎י‎ Isa 53:3.

5. invent ingenious and artistic things, ‎להם כלי שׁיר‎ ‎׳‎‎ח‎ Amos 6:5 invent for themselves instruments of music; ‎(כל) מחשׁבת‎ ‎׳‎‎ח‎ invent cunning work (of artistic devices in construction of tabernacle) Exod 31:4; Exod 35:32; Exod 35:35 (all P), so 2Chr 2:13* ‎מַעֲשֵׂה חשֵׁב‎ work of the cunning (ingenious, inventive) workman (of artistic devices in weaving; see especially VB and Di) Exod 26:1; Exod 26:31; Exod 28:6; Exod 28:15; Exod 36:8; Exod 36:35; Exod 39:3; Exod 39:8 (all P); ‎מַחֲשֶׁבֶת חוֺשֵׁב‎ 2Chr 26:15 inventions of inventive men (of engines of war); ‎חָרָשׁ וְחשֵׁב‎ craftsman and inventive workman (in construction of tabernacle, see above) Exod 35:35; Exod 38:23 (P). II. of God:

1. think, with accusative pers + ‎לְ‎ indirect object account one ‎לאויב‎, for an enemy Job 13:24; Job 33:10 ‎לוֺ כצריו‎ ‎׳‎‎ח‎ Job 19:11 he accounted me unto him as his adversaries.

2. devise, plan, mean, with accusative + ‎ל‎ indirect object ‎לטבה‎ for good Gen 50:20 (E); with ‎ל‎ person ‎לִי‎ devise for me Ps 40:18* accusative of thing + ‎עַל‎, devise something against a person Mic 2:3; Jer 18:11 towards one Jer 29:11, with ‎אל‎ against Jer 49:20; Jer 50:45 followed by infinitive Jer 26:3; Jer 36:3; Lam 2:8.

3. impute, reckon, with accusative of thing + ‎ל‎ person, the habit of believing in ‎׳‎‎י‎ he reckoned to Abram as righteousness Gen 15:6 (J E; compare Niph`al 3); not impute iniquity to one Ps 32:2. Niph`al Perfect ‎נֶחְשַׁב‎ Num 18:27; Num 18:30, ‎נֶחְשַׁבְתִּי‎ Ps 88:5* etc. + 10 t. Perfect; Imperfect ‎יֵחָשֵׁב‎ Lev 7:18 + 7 t., etc., + 6 t. Imperfect; Participle ‎נֶחְשָׁב‎ Isa 2:22; 1Kgs 10:21; 2Chr 9:20: —

1. be accounted, thought, esteemed, with ‎כְּ‎ as Hos 8:12; Isa 5:28; Isa 29:16; Isa 40:15; Ps 44:23*; Job 18:3; Job 41:21* with ‎לְ‎ Isa 29:17 = Isa 32:15, Lam 4:2 ‎עִם‎ with, among Ps 88:5*, ‎בַּמֶּה‎ Isa 2:22 at what (value) ? (see probably interpolated; omitted by ᵐ5); with accusative Deut 2:11; Deut 2:20; Prov 17:28; Neh 13:13 ‎נָכְרִיּוֺת נֶחְשַׁבְנוּ לוֺ‎ Gen 31:13 (E; ᵐ5 Sam ‎׳‎‎כְּנֶח‎) Isa 40:17.

2. be computed, reckoned, with ‎לְ‎ Josh 13:3 (D), ‎עַל‎ Lev 25:31 (P), 2Sam 4:2: absolute ‎כסף‎ was not counted (so plentiful was it) 1Kgs 10:21 = 2Chr 9:20; 2Kgs 22:7.

3. be imputed to any one, with ‎לְ‎ Lev 7:18; Num 18:27; Num 18:30 (all P), Lev 17:4 (H) Prov 27:14 the interposition of Phinehas ‎לוֺ לצדקה‎ ‎׳‎‎נח‎ Ps 106:31 was imputed to him for righteousness (compare Qal II 3). Pi`el Perfect 3 masculine singular ‎חִשַּׁב‎ Lev 25:27 + 4 t.; feminine ‎חִשְּׁבָה‎ Jonah 1:4 1 singular ‎חִשַּׁבְתִּי‎ Ps 77:6*; Ps 119:59 Imperfect ‎יְחַשֵּׁב‎ Prov 16:9; Dan 11:24, ‎תְּחַשְּׁבוּן‎ Nah 1:9, etc., + 4 t. Imperfect; Participle ‎מְחַשֵּׁב‎ Prov 24:8: —

1. think upon, consider, be mindful of, with accusative Ps 77:6*; Ps 119:59, ‎(מה) בֶּןאֱֿנוֺשׁ וַתְּחַשְּׁבֵהוּ‎ Ps 144:3 what (is) man's son, and thou thinkest upon him (|| ‎תֵּדָעֵהוּ‎).

2. think to do, devise, plan, with accusative Prov 16:9, ‎אֶל‎ of persons against whom Hos 7:15; Nah 1:9, ‎עַל‎ Dan 11:24 with infinitive Ps 73:16; Prov 24:8 so of inanimate object ‎הָאֳנִיָּה חִשְּׁבָה לְהִשָּׁבֵר‎ Jonah 1:4 the ship was about to (minded to) be broken up.

3. count, reckon, the years since a sale of land Lev 25:27 (H); with ‎לְ‎ person Lev 25:52 (H), Lev 27:18; Lev 27:23 (P); with ‎עִם‎ Lev 25:50 (P); with ‎אֶת‎ 2Kgs 12:16*. Hithpa`el Imperfect ‎בַּגּוֺיִם לֹא יִתְחַשָּׁ֑ב‎ Num 23:9 (JE) among the nations it shall not reckon itself.

Brown-Driver-Briggs References