Lexical Definition

‎שָׁלַם‎ shâlam (shaw-lam') to complete ^H:V
a primitive root

make amends, (make an) end, finish, full, give again, make good, (re-) pay (again), (make) (to) (be at) peace(-able), that is perfect, perform, (make) prosper(-ous), recompense, render, requite, make restitution, restore, reward, [idiom] surely.

• to be safe (in mind, body or estate)
• figuratively, to be (causatively, make) completed
• by implication, to be friendly
• by extension, to reciprocate (in various applications)

1) to be in a covenant of peace, be at peace
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to be at peace
1a2) peaceful one (participle)
1b) (Pual) one in covenant of peace (participle)
1c) (Hiphil)
1c1) to make peace with
1c2) to cause to be at peace
1d) (Hophal) to live in peace
2) to be complete, be sound
2a) (Qal)
2a1) to be complete, be finished, be ended
2a2) to be sound, be uninjured
2b) (Piel)
2b1) to complete, finish
2b2) to make safe
2b3) to make whole or good, restore, make compensation
2b4) to make good, pay
2b5) to requite, recompense, reward
2c) (Pual)
2c1) to be performed
2c2) to be repaid, be requited
2d) (Hiphil)
2d1) to complete, perform
2d2) to make an end of

See Greek: ἀληθεύω · ἀναπληρόω · ἀνταποδίδωμι · ἀποκαθίστημι · δίδωμι · εἰρηνεύω · σώζω · τελέω · ὑγιαίνω

Extended Information

• Aramaic equivalent: she.lam (‎ש‎ְׁ‎ל‎ֵ‎ם‎ "be complete" שְׁלַם)

Brown-Driver-Briggs

Aramaic form: שְׁלַם
[‎שָׁלֵם‎]₁₀₃ verb be complete, sound (Late Hebrew id. (Jastr), Phoenician ‎שלם‎ Pi`el complete, requite, especially in proper name, Lzb³⁷⁶ GACooke^{99, also 81, 111, etc.}; Arabic be safe, secure, free from fault, II. make over, resign to, IV. resign or submit oneself, especially to God, whence participle Muslim, and infinitive Isl¹m properly submission to God; Assyrian šalâmu, be complete, unharmed, be paid; Aramaic ‎שְׁלֵים‎, be complete, safe, ᵑ7 peaceful; Old Aramaic ‎שלם‎ reward, repay (Pa; in proper name); compare Sabean ‎סלם‎ peace Hom^{Chr 124}, Arabic , also safety, security; Assyrian šulmu, welfare; Ethiopic Di³²² security peace; Aramaic ‎שְׁלָמָא‎, security, welfare, Old Aramaic ‎שלם‎ Lzb³⁷⁶, especially = submission, in proper name RS^{Sem.79 f.}; Bondi⁷⁰ (after Brugsch), compare šarm¹, greet, do homage, as loan-word in Egyptian); —

Qal Perfect 3 plural ‎שָֽׁלְמוּ‎ Isa 60:20 Imperfect 3 masculine singular ‎וַיִּשְׁלָ֑ם‎ Job 9:4 feminine ‎תַּשְׁלַם‎ 1Kgs 7:51 + 2 t.; —

1. be complete, finished, ended: temple 1Kgs 7:51 = 2Chr 5:1 walls of city Neh 6:15 of time Isa 60:20.

2. be sound, uninjured, Job 9:4. Pi`el₈₉ Perfect 3 masculine singular ‎שִׁלַּם‎ Lev 5:24* +, 1 singular ‎וְשִׁלַּמְתִּ֫י‎ Jer 16:18 +, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular ‎יְשַׁלֵּם‎ Exod 21:34 +; suffix ‎יְשַׁלְּמֶ֑נָּה‎ Lev 24:18 +, etc.; Imperative masculine singular ‎שַׁלֵּם‎ Eccl 5:3* + Eccl 50:14, etc.; Infinitive absolute ‎שַׁלֵּם‎ Exod 21:36 +; construct id. Prov 22:27, etc.; Participle ‎מְשַׁלֵּם‎ Deut 7:10 +, etc.; —

1. complete, finish, temple 1Kgs 9:25.

2. make safe, with accusative Job 8:6.

3. make whole or good, restore thing lost Joel 2:25, or stolen Exod 21:37* (E); pay a debt 2Kgs 4:7; Ps 37:21; Prov 22:27; Job 41:3* make compensation, for injury Lev 24:18; Lev 24:21 (P); for trespass in sacred things Lev 5:16 (P).

4. make good, i.e. pay, vows, with accusative ‎נֶדֶר‎ Deut 23:22*; 2Sam 15:7 + 9 t., + (with ‎ל‎ to God) Ps 50:14; Ps 66:13; Ps 116:14; Ps 116:18 object omitted Ps 76:12* absolute Isa 19:21 with accusative ‎תּוֺדוֺת‎ with ‎ל‎ to God Ps 56:13* ‎פרים שׂפתינו‎ Hos 14:3*.

5. requite, recompense, reward, good 1Sam 24:20*; Ruth 2:12 evil Isa 65:6; Jer 51:56 with ‎ל‎ person Deut 7:10 + 4 t., + (with accusative of thing) Jer 51:24 ‎אל‎ person Job 21:19 acc of thing Prov 20:22; Jer 16:18 ‎שְׁלַּם גְּמוּל לְ‎ Isa 59:18 (twice in verse) (but see I. ‎שִׁלֵּם‎), Isa 66:6 + (see ‎גְּמוּל‎); ‎פֹּעַל לְ‎ ‎׳‎‎שׁ‎ Job 34:11 ‎גְּמוּל עַל‎ ‎׳‎‎שׁ‎ Joel 4:4* ‎עַל חֵיק‎ Isa 65:6 ‎אֶלחַֿיק‎ Jer 32:18 with ‎ל‎ person and ‎כ‎ of deeds, ‎׳‎‎שׁ‎ reward according to one's works 2Sam 3:39 + 3 t.; accusative of person Ps 31:24* accusative of thing ‎רעה תחת טובה‎ ‎׳‎‎שׁ‎ Gen 44:4 (J) + Gen 35:12; Gen 38:21 (read ‎מְשַׁלְּמֵנִי‎). Pu`al Imperfect 3 masculine singular ‎יְשֻׁלַּם‎ Ps 65:2*; Jer 18:20 ‎יְשֻׁלָּ֑ם‎ Prov 11:31; Prov 13:13 —

1. be performed, of vow Ps 65:2*.

2. be repaid, requited, Jer 18:20; Prov 11:31; Prov 13:13.

Hiph`il 1. complete, perform: Imperfect 3 masculine singular ‎יַשְׁלִים‎ Job 23:14; Isa 44:26, ‎יַשְׁלִם‎ V:28.

2. make an end of, 2 masculine singular suffix ‎תֵּשְׁלִימֵנִי‎ Isa 38:12; Isa 38:13 (ᵐ5 Du Marti deliver up to pains, as in Aramaic).

[‎שָׁלַם‎] verb denominative be in covenant of peace;-Qal Imperative ‎שְׁלָ֑ם‎ Job 22:21 be at peace (in covt.); Participle suffix ‎שׁוֺלְמִי‎ Ps 7:5* i.e. my ally, friend (compare Ps 41:10*); Participle pass construct ‎שְׁלֻמֵי‎ 2Sam 20:19, read ‎שָׂמוּ‎ ᵐ5 Ew^{G iii. 264} Dr (compare We) HPS and modern Pu`al Participle ‎מְשֻׁלָּם‎ Isa 42:19 one in covenant of peace (with ‎׳‎‎י‎; but ᵐ5 ‎משְׁלָם‎ their ruler, so Che<sup>Hpt</sup>; Ges Hi Ew and others one resigned (to God), read then ‎מָשְׁלָם‎, compare √, Arabic IV.; Krochm Grä Marti ‎מְשֻׁלָּחַי‎). Hiph`il Perfect 3 feminine singular ‎הִשְׁלִ֫ימָה‎ Josh 10:4; Josh 11:19 3 masculine plural ‎הִשְׁלִ֫ימוּ‎ Josh 10:1 Imperfect ‎יַשְׁלִים‎ Isa 44:26 +, ‎יַשְׁלִם‎ Prov 16:7 ‎וַיַּשְׁלֵם‎ 1Kgs 22:45*, etc.; —

1. make peace with, ‎אֶת‎, Josh 10:1; Josh 10:4; 2Sam 10:19 = 1Chr 19:19 (‎עִם‎); ‎עִם‎ Deut 20:12; 1Kgs 22:45* with ‎אֶל‎ pregnantly Josh 11:19 submitting unto.

2. cause to be at peace, ‎אֶת‎, Prov 16:7. Hoph`al Perfect 3 feminine singular ‎הָשְׁלְאָה‎ Job 5:23 live in peace with, ‎לְ‎ (|| ‎ברית‎).

Brown-Driver-Briggs References