Lexical Definition

‎כָּבַד‎ kâbad (kaw-bad') to honor: honour ^H:V
or כָּבֵד kâbêd (kaw-bade'); a primitive root

abounding with, more grievously afflict, boast, be chargeable, [idiom] be dim, glorify, be (make) glorious (things), glory, (very) great, be grievous, harden, be (make) heavy, be heavier, lay heavily, (bring to, come to, do, get, be had in) honour (self), (be) honourable (man), lade, [idiom] more be laid, make self many, nobles, prevail, promote (to honour), be rich, be (go) sore, stop.

• to be heavy, i.e. in a bad sense (burdensome, severe, dull) or in a good sense (numerous, rich, honorable
• causatively, to make weighty (in the same two senses)

1) to be heavy, be weighty, be grievous, be hard, be rich, be honourable, be glorious, be burdensome, be honoured
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to be heavy
1a2) to be heavy, be insensible, be dull
1a3) to be honoured
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be made heavy, be honoured, enjoy honour, be made abundant
1b2) to get oneself glory or honour, gain glory
1c) (Piel)
1c1) to make heavy, make dull, make insensible
1c2) to make honourable, honour, glorify
1d) (Pual) to be made honourable, be honoured
1e) (Hiphil)
1e1) to make heavy
1e2) to make heavy, make dull, make unresponsive
1e3) to cause to be honoured
1f) (Hithpael)
1f1) to make oneself heavy, make oneself dense, make oneself numerous
1f2) to honour oneself

See Greek: ἀκούω · βαρέω · βαρέω · βαρέως · βαρύς · δόξα · δοξάζω · ἐνδοξάζω · ἔνδοξος · ἐνισχύω · ἔντιμος · εὐλογέω · κατισχύω · μέγας · περιτίθημι · πλεονάζω · σκληρύνω · τιμάω · τιμή

Brown-Driver-Briggs

‎כָּבֵד‎ verb be heavy, weighty, burdensome, honoured (Late Hebrew Pi`el honour, and derivatives, ‎כֹּבֶד‎ weight; Phoenician proper name, feminine ‎כבדת‎ = honoured one, and in compound proper name; Ethiopic be heavy, etc.; Assyrian kabâdu or kabâtu, grow or be heavy, Dl^HWB; compare Arabic difficulty, distress; III. struggle with difficulties, etc.; Zinjirli ‎כבדו‎ honour, DHM^{Sendsch. 58}; Sabean ‎כבודת‎ gifts of honour, = Hebrew ‎נדבה‎ freewill offering DHM^{ZMG 1883, 341 f.} —

Qal Perfect ‎׳‎‎כ‎ Isa 24:20 3 feminine singular ‎כָּֽבְדָה‎ Gen 18:20 + 4 t.; ‎כָּבֵ֑דָה‎ Judg 20:34 3 masculine plural ‎כָּֽבְדוּ‎ Gen 48:10 Imperfect ‎יִכְבַּד‎ Exod 9:7; Isa 66:5 ‎יִכְבָּ֑ד‎ Job 6:3; Job 33:7 + 10 t. Imperfect (‎כָּבֵד‎ Gen 12:10 + is given as 3 masculine Perfect by some; but it is probably taken better as adjective SS make ‎כָּבֵד‎ Ps 38:5* infinitive absolute; < Thes adjective ). —

1. be heavy, in weight, of misfortune, heavier than sand Job 6:3 of God's hand in punishment 1Sam 5:11, with ‎אֶל‎ 1Sam 5:6 ‎עַל‎ Ps 32:4 of man's hand in war Judg 1:35 ‎יָדִי כָּֽבְדָה עַלאַֿנְחָתִי‎ my hand is heavy upon my groaning Job 23:2 is explained by ᵑ7 Hrz Schlottm as hand smiting me; but read rather with ᵐ5 ᵑ6 Ew De Reu Di ‎יָדוֺ‎ of God's hand; of pressure ‎אַכְפִּי‎ Job 33:7 (ᵐ5 ‎כַּפִּי‎); = vehement, sore, of battle Judg 20:34 with ‎אֶל‎ 1Sam 31:3 = ‎עַל‎ 1Chr 10:3 burdensome, grievous; ‎וְלֹא נִכְבַּד עָלֶי֑ךָ‎ lest we be burdensome unto thee 2Sam 13:23 of work laid upon one, bondage, with ‎עַל‎ Exod 5:9 (JE) Neh 5:18 of sin conceived as a burden Gen 18:20 (J), iniquities Ps 38:5* transgressions, with ‎עַל‎ Isa 24:20.

2. heavy, insensible, dull,of the eyes, so as to be unable to see Gen 48:10 (JE); of the ears Isa 59:1 of the ‎לֵב‎, hard, insensible Exod 9:7 (J; P and E's synonym is ‎חָזַק‎, q. v.)

3. be honoured (compare βαρύς) of a man Job 14:21 (opposed to ‎יצערו‎: compare Hiph`il 3 ), of Tyre Ezek 27:25, of Yahweh Isa 66:5.

Niph`al Perfect ‎נִכְבַּד‎ 2Sam 6:20, ‎נִכְבָּ֔ד‎ 2Sam 23:19; 2Sam 23:23; 1Chr 11:21 ‎נִכְבַּדְתָּ‎ Isa 43:4 + 2 t. Perfect; Imperfect ‎אֶכָּבֵד‎ Lev 10:3; Isa 49:5 ‎אִכָּֽבְדָה‎ Exod 14:4; Exod 14:17 ‎אִכָּבֵ֑דָה‎ 2Sam 6:22 ‎אִכָּֽבְדָ֯‎ Hag 1:8 Imperative ‎הִכָּבֵד‎ 2Kgs 14:10 Infinitive ‎הִכָּֽבְדִי‎ Exod 14:18; Ezek 39:13 Participle ‎נִכְבָּד‎ Gen 34:19 + 6 t.; plural ‎נִכְבָּדִים‎ Num 22:15 construct ‎נִכְבַּדֵּי‎ Isa 23:8; Isa 23:9; Prov 8:24 ‎נִכְבַּדֶּיהָ‎ Nah 3:10 ‎נִכְבְּדֵיהֶם‎ Ps 149:8 Plural feminine ‎נִכְבָּדוֺת‎ Ps 87:3 —

1. passive
a. be made heavy from abundance, ‎מַעְיָנוֺת נִכְבַּדֵּיֿ‎ ‎מָ֑יִם‎ fountains abounding in water Prov 8:24.
b. be honoured, enjoy honour, of man 1Sam 9:6; 1Sam 22:14; 2Sam 6:20; 2Sam 6:22; 2Sam 23:19 = 1Chr 11:21; 2Sam 23:23; 2Kgs 14:10; Isa 43:4; Isa 49:5; 1Chr 4:9 ‎וַיְהִי נִכְבָּד‎, 1Chr 11:25 ‎נִכְבָּד הוּא‎ (altered from 2Sam 23:23); but more frequent in participle as substantive honourable, honoured, distinguished man Gen 34:19; Num 22:15 (JE) Isa 3:5; Isa 23:8; Isa 23:9; Nah 3:10; Ps 149:8 ‎נִכְבָּדוֺת‎ Ps 87:3 glorious things; ‎הַשֵּׁם הַנִּכְבָּד וְהַנּוֺרָא‎ Deut 28:58 the glorious and awe-inspiring name (of Yahweh).

2. medial, get oneself glory (or honour), of God Isa 26:15; Ezek 28:22; Ezek 39:13; Hag 1:8 with ‎בְּ‎ in or by any one Exod 14:4; Exod 14:17; Exod 14:18 (P); ‎עַלפְּֿנֵי‎ Lev 10:3 (P).

Piel Perfect 2 masculine suffix ‎כִּבַּדְתָּ֫נִי‎ Isa 43:23 3 masculine plural ‎כִּבְּדוּ‎ 1Sam 6:6 + 3 t. Perfect; Imperfect ‎יְכַבֵּד‎ Mal 1:6 + 3 t.; suffix ‎יְכַבְּדָ֑נְנִי‎ Ps 50:23 3 feminine singular suffix ‎תְּכַבְּדֵנִי‎ Isa 43:20 ‎אֲכַבְּדָה‎ Ps 86:12 + 12 t. Imperfect; Imperative ‎כַּבֵּד‎ Exod 20:12 + 2 t.; + 3 t. Imperative; Infinitive absolute ‎כַּבֵּד‎ Num 22:17 + 2 t. Infinitive; Participle ‎מְכַבֵּד‎ 2Sam 10:3 + 4 t. Participle; —

1. make heavy, insensible (compare Qal 2) the ‎לב(בׅ‎ 1Sam 6:6 (twice in verse).

2. make honourable, honour, glorify, usually with human subject:
a. human object, parents Exod 20:12 = Deut 5:16 Dec.), Mal 1:6 Balaam Num 22:17 (twice in verse); Num 22:37; Num 24:11 (twice in verse)(JE); sons of Eli 1Sam 2:29 Saul 1Sam 15:30 Nahash 2Sam 10:3 = 1Chr 19:3 Jerusalem Lam 1:8 more generally Ps 15:4 subject God 1Sam 2:30b Ps 91:15, compare Prov 4:8.
b. object things, sacred place Isa 60:13 (God subject); the Sabbath Isa 58:13.
c. God object 1Sam 2:30 a Isa 24:15; Isa 25:3; Isa 43:20; Ps 22:24*; Ps 50:15; Ps 50:23; Prov 14:31 + accusative of thing ‎זבחיך‎ Isa 43:23 + ‎בְּ‎ instrumental (lips) Isa 29:13 + ‎(מֵהוֺנֶ֑ךָ) מִן‎ Prov 3:9 object the name of ‎׳‎‎י‎, with accusative Ps 86:12 with ‎לְ‎ Ps 86:9 object the ‎׳‎‎מַלְאַךְ י‎ Judg 13:17.
d. subject indefinite (si vera lectio), object God and man Judg 9:9 (of olive; on text, especially ‎בּוֺ‎ for ‎בִּי‎, see GFM).
e. object a heathen god ‎לֶאֱלֹהַּ‎ Dan 11:38 (twice in verse).

Pu`al be made honourable, honoured. Imperfect ‎יְכֻבָּ֑ד‎ Prov 13:18; Prov 27:18 Participle ‎מְכֻבָּד‎ Isa 58:13.

Hiph`il Perfect ‎הִכְבִּיד‎ Lam 3:7 + 5 t.; 2 feminine ‎הִכְבַּדְתְּ‎ Isa 47:6 + 4 t. Perfect; Imperfect ‎וַיַּכְבֵּד‎ Exod 8:28*; Exod 9:34 Imperative ‎הַכְבֵּד‎ Isa 6:10 Infin. absolute ‎הַכְבֵּד‎ Exod 8:11* construct ‎הַכְבִּיד‎ 2Chr 25:19 Participle ‎מַכְבִּיד‎ Hab 2:6. —

1. make heavy, a yoke 1Kgs 12:10; 1Kgs 12:14 = 2Chr 10:10; 2Chr 10:14; Isa 47:6 elliptical with ‎עַל‎ Neh 5:15 a chain Lam 3:7 pledges, with ‎עַל‎ Hab 2:6.

2. make heavy, dull, unresponsive, the ears Isa 6:10; Zech 7:11 the ‎לֵב‎ Exod 8:11*; Exod 8:28*; Exod 9:34; Exod 10:1(J).

3. cause to be honoured, of depopulated districts of northeast Israel, Isa 8:23*, of restored nation Jer 30:19 (|| ‎לא יצערו‎); shew or display honour, 2Chr 25:19 ‎לְהַכְבִּיד‎ (in || 2Kgs 14:10 ‎הִכָּבֵד‎).

Hithpa`el Imperative ‎הִתְכַּבֵּד‎ Nah 3:15 f. ‎הִתְכַּבְּדִי‎ Nah 3:15 Participle ‎מִתְכַּבֵּד‎ Prov 12:9 —

1. make oneself heavy, dense, numerous (compare ‎כָּבֵד‎ 1 b) as locusts Nah 3:15 (twice in verse).

2. honour oneself Prov 12:9.

Brown-Driver-Briggs References