Lexical Definition

‎שָׁפַךְ‎ shâphak (shaw-fak') to pour: pour ^H:V
a primitive root

cast (up), gush out, pour (out), shed(-der, out), slip.

• to spill forth (blood, a libation, liquid metal
• or even a solid, i.e. to mound up)
• also (figuratively) to expend (life, soul, complaint, money, etc.)
• intensively, to sprawl out

1) to pour, pour out, spill
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to pour, pour out
1a2) to shed (blood)
1a3) to pour out (anger or heart) (fig)
1b) (Niphal) to be poured out, be shed
1c) (Pual) to be poured out, be shed
1d) (Hithpael)
1d1) to be poured out
1d2) to pour out oneself

See Greek: βάλλω · ἐκλύω · ἐκχέω · ἐπάγω · ἐπιστρέφω · κυκλόω · περιβάλλω · περιποιέομαι · ποιέω

Extended Information

• : pour

Brown-Driver-Briggs

‎שָׁפַךְ‎₁₁₃ verb pour out, pour (Late Hebrew id.; Assyrian Šapâku, pour out, especially (Dl^WB Jen^{Kosmol. 41}) earth, to form mound; Arabic pour out, compare melt and pour into mould; Ethiopic Aramaic ‎שְׁפַח‎, (rare) = Biblical Hebrew); —

Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular ‎׳‎‎שׁ‎ 1Kgs 2:31 +; 3 feminine singular suffix ‎שְׁפָכַ֫תְהוּ‎ Ezek 24:7, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular ‎יִשְׁפֹךְ‎ 2Kgs 19:32 +; 2 masculine singular suffix 3 masculine singular ‎תִּשְׁפְּכֶנּוּ‎ Deut 12:16 +, etc.; Imperative masculine singular ‎שְׁפוֺךְ‎ Judg 6:20 +, ‎שְׁפָךְֿ‎ Ps 69:25* feminine singular ‎שִׁפְכִי‎ Lam 2:19, etc.; Infinitive construct ‎שְׁפָךְֿ‎ 1Kgs 18:28 +, ‎לִשְׁפֹךְ‎ Isa 59:7 +, etc.; Participle active ‎שֹׁפֵךְ‎ Gen 9:6 +, feminine ‎שֹׁפֶ֫כֶת‎ Ezek 22:3, etc.; passive ‎שָׁפוּךְ‎ Ps 79:10, ‎שְׁפוּכָה‎ Ezek 20:33; Ezek 20:34 —

1. literal:
a. pour out, pour water Exod 4:9 (J; accusative of location). 1Sam 7:6 (+ ‎׳‎‎לִפְנֵי י‎, unique, symbol of contrition), ‎עַלפְּֿנֵי הָאָרֶץ‎ (subject ‎׳‎‎י‎) Amos 5:8; Amos 9:6 blood like water (to flow away and be absorbed), ‎עַלהָֿאָרֶץ‎ Deut 12:16; Deut 12:24; Deut 15:23, compare Lev 17:13 (H) Ezek 24:7 also + ‎אֶל‎ location Exod 29:12; Lev 4:7; Lev 4:18; Lev 4:25; Lev 4:30; Lev 4:34 + ‎עַל‎ person reflexive 1Kgs 18:28 pour out broth Judg 6:20, libation (‎נֶסֶךְ‎, to (‎ל‎) false gods) Isa 57:6 dust Lev 14:41 (P; ‎אֶל‎ location); with accusative ‎סִלְלָה‎ mound (in siege), = made by pouring (earth, originally from baskets, see especially Assyrian šapâku Dl^{WB 679 b} Jen^{Kosmol. 41}), + ‎עַלֿ‎ of city 2Kgs 19:32 = Isa 37:33; Jer 6:6; Ezek 4:2; Ezek 26:8, ‎אֶלֿ‎ 2Sam 20:15 absolute Ezek 17:17; Ezek 21:27*; Dan 11:15 ‎מֵעָיו אַרְצָה‎ ‎׳‎‎וַיִּשׁ‎ 2Sam 20:10 (by a sword-thrust in the belly), compare ‎לָאָרֶץ מְרֵרָתִי‎ ‎׳‎‎יִשׁ‎ Job 16:13 (metaphor, ‎׳‎‎י‎ subject).
b. techn., accusative ‎דָּם‎ shed blood Gen 37:22 (E) Gen 9:6 (P) 1Sam 25:31; Ezek 22:4 + 9 t. Ezekiel, + 15 t. (passive Ps 79:10) + Ezek 36:18 (with ‎עַלהָֿאַרֶץ‎), 1Chr 22:8 (with ‎אַ֫רְצָה‎); accusative
a. ‎דָּמִים‎ 1Kgs 2:31; 1Chr 28:3; Ps 79:3 (‎כַּמַּיִם‎).

2. figurative:
a. ‎׳‎‎י‎ subject, pour out anger, etc.: ‎׳‎‎עֲלֵיהֶם אֶשׁ‎ ‎כַּמַּיִם עֶבְרָתִי‎ Hos 5:10 ‎חֲמָתִי עַל‎ ‎׳‎‎שׁ‎ Ezek 14:19 + 8 t. Ezekiel; Jer 10:25; Isa 42:25; Ps 79:6 (‎אֶל‎ and ‎עַל‎); accusative ‎׳‎‎ח‎ omitted Jer 6:11 with ‎ב‎ of location Lam 2:4 ‎שְׁפוּכָה‎ ‎׳‎‎ח‎ Ezek 20:33; Ezek 20:34 accusative ‎חֲרוֺן אַפּוֺ‎ Lam 4:11 accusative ‎זַעַם‎ (‎עַל‎ person) Ezek 21:36* + 3 t.; accusative ‎בּוּז‎ contempt, ‎עַל‎ person, Job 12:21 = Ps 107:40 pour their own wickedness ‎עֲלֵיהֶם‎ Jer 14:16 (i.e. requite it); pour out ‎רוּחִי עַל‎ Ezek 39:29, compare Zech 12:10; Joel 3:1*; Joel 3:2*.
b. hum. subject pour out one's heart, etc., ‎כַּמַּיִם לִבֵח‎ Lam 2:19, ‎לְפָנָיו לְבַבְכֶם‎ Ps 62:9* (i.e. before ‎׳‎‎י‎), ‎׳‎‎אֶתנַֿפְשִׁי לִפְנֵי י‎ 1Sam 1:15, ‎עָלַי‎ (reflexive; see ‎עַל‎ 1 d) Ps 42:5* ‎׳‎‎אֶתשִֿׂיחוֺ לִפְנֵי י‎ Ps 102:1* (title), compare Ps 142:3* in bad sense, ‎וַתִּשְׁפְּכִי אֶתתַּֿזְנוּתַיִח עַלֿ‎ Ezek 16:15, compare Ezek 23:8. Niph`al Perfect 3 masculine singular ‎נִשְׁפַּח‎ Lam 2:11, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular ‎יִשָּׁפֵח‎ Gen 9:6 +, etc.; Infinitive construct ‎הִשָּׁפֵךְ‎ Ezek 16:36 — be poured out: of ashes 1Kgs 13:3; 1Kgs 13:5, blood (‎עַל‎ location) Deut 12:27 be shed, of blood Gen 9:6 (P) Deut 19:10 in figure Lam 2:11 my liver is poured ‎לָאָרֶץ‎ (compare Qal 1 a near the end); Ps 22:15* I am poured out like water (nerveless, helpless); subject ‎נְּחֻשְׁתֵח‎ Ezek 16:36 (see [II. ‎נְחשֶׁת‎]; compare vEzek 16:15 Qal 2 b). Pu`al Perfect 3 masculine singular consecutive ‎וְשֻׁפַּח‎ Zeph 1:17 be poured out ‎כֶּעָפָר‎, of blood; ‎שֻׁפַּח‎ Num 35:33 (P) be shed, of blood; 3 feminine singular ‎שֻׁפְּכָה‎ Ps 73:2 Kt my steps were caused to slip (Qr ‎שֻׁפְּכוּ‎). Hithpa`el Imperfect 3 feminine singular ‎עָלַי‎ ‎תִּשְׁתַּפֵח נַפְשׁי‎ Job 30:16 my soul pours itself out upon me (see Qal 2 b); 3 feminine plural ‎תִּשְׁתַּפֶּכְנָה אַבְנֵיקִֿדֶשׁ‎ Lam 4:1 figurative of slaughter; Infinitive construct ‎בְּהִשְׁתַּפֵח נַפְשָׁם‎ ‎אֶלחֵֿיק אִמֹּתָם‎ Lam 2:12, i.e. they expire.

Brown-Driver-Briggs References