Lexical Definition

‎יָתַר‎ yâthar (yaw-thar') to remain ^H:V
a primitive root

excel, leave (a remnant), left behind, too much, make plenteous, preserve, (be, let) remain(-der, -ing, -nant), reserve, residue, rest.

• to jut over or exceed
• by implication, to excel
• (intransitively) to remain or be left
• causatively, to leave, cause to abound, preserve

1) to be left over, remain, remain over, leave
1a) (Qal) remainder (participle)
1b) (Niphal) to be left over, remain over, be left behind
1c) (Hiphil)
1c1) to leave over, leave
1c2) to save over, preserve alive
1c3) to excel, show pre-eminence
1c4) to show excess, have more than enough, have an excess

See Greek: ἀπολείπω · ἐγκαταλείπω · ἐπίλοιπος · εὐλογέω · εὑρίσκω · καταλείπω · κατάλοιπος · λοιποί · λοιπόν · λοιποῦ · περιποιέομαι · περισσεύω · πληθύνω · ὑπολαμβάνω · ὑπολείπω

Brown-Driver-Briggs

[‎יָתַר‎]₁₀₇ verb remain over (Late Hebrew id.; Aramaic ‎יְתַר‎, id.; Zinjirli ‎יתר‎ noun rest, remainder; Ethiopic Assyrian [atâru], remain over, in derived conjugation, Dl^HWB; in Sabean ‎ותר‎ CIS^{iv, 15, 46, p. 77}; especially noun ‎ותר‎ as epithet of king = noble one, and as proper name ‎ותרם‎ Mordt^{ZMG, 1876, 37, 292} DHM^{ZMG, 1883, 15} CIS^{iv, 10}; Arabic is make single make to be one, or an odd number) —

Qal Participle ‎הַיּוֺתֵר‎ 1Sam 15:15 the remainder . Niph`al be left over, remain over; Perfect ‎נוֺתַר‎ Exod 10:15 + 8 t., etc.; Imperfect ‎יִוָּתֵר‎ 2Kgs 20:17 + 2 t.; ‎יִוָּתֶ֥ר בָּ֑הּ‎ Zech 13:8 ‎וַיִּוָּתֵר‎ Gen 32:25* + 2 t.; ‎וָאִוָּתֵר‎ 1Kgs 19:10; 1Kgs 19:14, etc.; Participle ‎נוֺתָר‎ 1Sam 2:26 + 17 t., ‎נֹתָר‎ Exod 12:10 feminine singular ‎נוֺתֶ֫רֶת‎ Lev 2:3 + 3 t.; masculine plural ‎נוֺתָרִים‎ Judg 8:10 + 24 t., etc.; — be left over, remain (over), absolute Exod 10:15 (J), Josh 11:11; Josh 11:22 (D), Judg 9:5; Isa 1:8; Isa 30:17; 1Kgs 18:22; 2Kgs 20:17 = Isa 39:6 followed by ‎לְבַדּוֺ‎ be left alone Gen 32:25* (J), so 1Kgs 19:10; 1Kgs 19:14 followed by ‎מִן‎ be left from (= of) 2Sam 13:30; Exod 29:34; Num 26:65 (both P), Ps 106:11 participle followed by ‎מִן‎ Judg 8:10 + 10 t. P, 1Kgs 9:20 = 2Chr 8:7; Zech 14:16; 1Chr 6:46* followed by ‎לְ‎, be left (surviving) to, 1Sam 25:34; 2Sam 9:1, of those belonging to Gen 44:20 (J; ‎לְבַדּוֺ לְאִמּוֺ‎); followed by ‎בְּ‎ be left in (= of) 2Sam 17:12; Josh 18:2 (JE), also participle Lev 8:32; Lev 14:18 (P), Ezek 48:15 (twice in verse); often followed by ‎בְּ‎ local Amos 6:9 + 11 t.; followed by ‎בֵּית‎ in the house of Jer 27:21 followed by ‎עלפֿני הארץ‎ Ezek 39:14 (participle); followed by ‎אַחֲרֵי‎ = be left behind (of sons) 1Kgs 9:21 = 2Chr 8:8 followed by ‎שָׁם‎ + ‎אֵצֶל‎ Dan 10:13 I was left over there beside the kings (i.e. I had nothing more to do; compare VB); elsewhere participle absolute, as adjective Gen 30:36 (J), Josh 17:2; Josh 17:6 (JE), Lev 10:12; Lev 10:16; Lev 27:18; Josh 21:5; Josh 21:26; Josh 21:34 (all P), Jer 34:7; 1Chr 6:55*; 1Chr 6:62*; 1Chr 22:20 as substantive Judg 21:7; Judg 21:16; 1Sam 30:9; Exod 28:10; Exod 29:34; Lev 19:6 (all P), 1Kgs 20:30 (twice in verse); 2Kgs 4:7; Ezek 34:18; Ezek 48:21; 2Chr 31:10.

Hiph`il Perfect ‎הוֺתִיר‎ Exod 10:15; Isa 1:9, etc.; Imperfect ‎יוֺתִיר‎ Deut 28:54 jussive ‎יוֺתֵר‎ Exod 16:19 ‎וַיּוֺתֵר‎ 2Sam 8:4; 2Chr 18:4 3 feminine singular ‎וַתֹּתַ֫ר‎ Ruth 2:14 2 masculine singular jussive ‎תּוֺתַר‎ Gen 49:4 1 singular ‎אוֺתִיר‎ Ezek 39:28 3 masculine plural ‎וַיּוֺתִרוּ‎ Exod 16:20; 2Kgs 4:44 2 masculine plural ‎תּוֺתִירוּ‎ Exod 12:10 + 2 t.; Imperative ‎הוֺתֵר‎ Ps 79:11 Infinitive absolute ‎הוֺתֵד‎ 2Kgs 4:43 + 2 t.; construct ‎הוֺתִיר‎ Jer 44:7 —

1. a. leave over, leave Exod 10:15 (J), Ruth 2:14 (object omitted), vRuth 2:18; 2Kgs 4:43 (‎אָכוֺל וְהוֺתֵר‎, see below), v2Kgs 4:44 (object om. in both), 2Chr 31:10 ‎יֶתֶר בָּנָיו אֲשֶׁר יוֺתִיר‎ Deut 28:54 followed by object ‎שָׂרִיד‎ + ‎ל‎ person Isa 1:9 object ‎שְׁאֵרִית‎ + ‎ל‎ person Jer 44:7 followed by ‎מִן‎ from (= of), 2Sam 8:4 = 1Chr 18:4; Num 33:55 (P), Ezek 12:16 + ‎עַד‎ temporal Exod 12:10; Exod 16:19; Exod 16:20 (all P), Lev 22:30 (H); + ‎שָׁם‎ location Ezek 39:28.
b. absolute leave a remnant Ezek 6:8 (denominative from ‎יֶתֶר‎ ?).
c. save over, i.e. preserve alive Ps 79:11.

2. excel, shew pre-eminence Gen 49:4 (poem in J).

3. shew excess = have more than enough Exod 36:7 (P; see also 2Kgs 4:43; 2Chr 31:10 above); make abundant Deut 28:11; Deut 30:9 (followed by suffix person + ‎ב‎ of thing).

Brown-Driver-Briggs References