Lexical Definition

‎שָׁבַת‎ shâbath (shaw-bath') to cease ^H:V
a primitive root

(cause to, let, make to) cease, celebrate, cause (make) to fail, keep (sabbath), suffer to be lacking, leave, put away (down), (make to) rest, rid, still, take away.

• to repose, i.e. desist from exertion
• used in many implied relations (causative, figurative or specific)

1) to cease, desist, rest
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to cease
1a2) to rest, desist (from labour)
1b) (Niphal) to cease
1c) (Hiphil)
1c1) to cause to cease, put an end to
1c2) to exterminate, destroy
1c3) to cause to desist from
1c4) to remove
1c5) to cause to fail
2) (Qal) to keep or observe the sabbath

See Greek: αἴρω · ἀναπαύω · ἀπαλλοτριόω · ἀπόλλυμι · ἀποστρέφω · ἀφαιρέω · ἀφανίζω · ἐκλείπω · ἡσυχάζω · καταδυναστεύω · κατακαίω · καταλύω · καταπαύω · παρακαλέω · παύω · συντρίβω

Brown-Driver-Briggs

‎שָׁבַת‎₇₁ verb cease, desist, rest (As šabâtu, probably cease, be completed Dl^WB Zim^{KAT 3. 593} (Jen^{ZA iv (1889), 277 f.} is sceptical); Arabic cut off, interrupt; Late Hebrew has ‎שֶׁבֶת‎ neglect, etc., Aramaic ‎שִׁבְתָּא‎ cost of nealect); —

Qal₂₇ Perfect 3 masculine singular ‎׳‎‎שׁ‎ Gen 2:3 +; 3 plural ‎שָׁבָ֑תוּ‎ Lam 5:14, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular ‎יִשְׁבּוֺת‎ Hos 7:4 ‎יִשְׁבֹּת‎ Prov 22:10 + 2 t.; 3 feminine singular ‎תִּשְׁבֹּת‎ Lev 26:35 ‎תִּשְׁבַּת‎ vLev 26:34; Neh 6:3 +, etc.; —

1. cease: (absolute 13 t.) of seasons Gen 8:22 (J); manna Josh 5:12 (P), etc., Isa 14:4 (twice in verse); Neh 6:3 +; with ‎מִן‎ Hos 7:4 + 3 t.

2. desist from labour, rest:
a. with ‎מִן‎ (of god) Gen 2:2; Gen 2:3 (P).
b. ‎מִן‎ omitted, ‎ב‎ temporal Exod 23:12 (E), Exod 16:30; Exod 34:21 (J), Exod 31:17 (P); ‎׳‎‎בֶּחָרִישׁ וּבַקָּצִיר שׁ‎ Exod 34:21 (J; i.e., even in these busy seasons).
c. land in 7th year Lev 26:34; Lev 26:35 (twice in verse) (H), 2Chr 36:21. — Lev 23:32; Lev 25:2 see [ ‎שָׁבַת‎] verb denominative below Niph`al Perfect 3 masculine singular ‎נִשְׁבַּת‎ Isa 17:3 + 2 t.; plural ‎נִשְׁבְּתוּ‎ Ezek 6:6 — cease: absolute Ezek 6:6; Ezek 30:18; Ezek 33:28 with ‎מִן‎ Isa 17:3. Hiph`il₄₀ Perfect 3 masculine singular ‎הִשְׁבִּית‎ Ruth 4:14 +; 2 masculine singular ‎הִשְׁבַּתָּ‎ Ps 89:45*; Ps 119:119, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular ‎יַשְׁבִּיתּ‎ Prov 18:18; Dan 9:27 ‎וַיַּשְׁבֵּת‎ 2Kgs 23:11; 2Chr 16:5, etc.; Infinitive construct ‎הַשְׁבִּית‎ Ps 8:3* ‎לַשְׁבִּית‎ Amos 8:4 (Ges^{«GKC:53q»§ 53q}); Imperative masculine plural ‎הַשְׁבִּ֫יתוּ‎ Isa 30:11 Participle ‎מַשְׁבִּית‎ Jer 16:9; Ps 46:10* —

1. cause to cease, put an end to: with accusative mirth Hos 2:13*, work 2Chr 16:5; Neh 4:5* sacrifice Dan 9:27 war Ps 46:10*, compare Isa 13:11; Ezek 7:24; Prov 18:18 + 6 t., + ‎קוֺל שָׂשׂוֺן מִן‎ ‎׳‎‎הִשׁ‎ Jer 7:34; Jer 16:9, compare Jer 48:33.

2. = exterminate, destroy: with accusative 2Kgs 23:5; 2Kgs 23:11; Amos 8:4 (Now conjectures ‎העשׁקים‎), Hos 1:4; Ps 8:3*; Ps 119:119 with accusative + ‎מִן‎, Jer 36:29, ‎מִן הָאָרֶץ‎ Lev 26:6 (H), Ezek 34:25 ‎אלילים‎ Ezek 30:13; Deut 32:26.

3. cause to desist from: with ‎מִן‎ Ezek 16:41; Ezek 34:10; Exod 5:5 (E = give rest from); ‎לְבִלְתִּי‎ infinitive Josh 22:25 (P).

4. remove ( = ‎מִן הֵסִיר‎): with ‎מִן‎ Ezek 23:27; Ezek 23:48; Ps 89:45* (text dubious: read ‎הִשְׁבַּתּוֺ‎ [

3.] ᵐ5 Du; ‎מַטֵּה הֹדוֺ‎ Herz Che, see also below ‎טֳהָר‎); leaven ‎מבתים‎ Exod 12:15 (P); ‎מִפָּנֵינוּ‎ ‎׳‎‎ישׂר‎ ‎׳‎‎אֶחקֿ‎ ‎׳‎‎הַשׁ‎ Isa 30:11.

5. cause to fail, let be lacking: salt ‎מֵעַל מִנְחָתֶ֑ךָ‎ Lev 2:12 (P); accusative pers + ‎ל‎ person Jer 48:35; Ruth 4:14.

[‎שָׁבַת‎] verb denominative keep, observe (sabbath); —

Qal, with accusative of congnate meaning with verb; Perfect 3 feminine singular ‎וְשָֽׁבְתָה הָאָרֶץ‎ ‎׳‎‎שַׁבָּת לי‎ Lev 25:2 2 masculine plural ‎מֵעֶרֶב עַדעֶֿרֶב תִּשְׁבְּתוּ‎ ‎שַׁבַּתְּכֶ֑ם‎ Lev 23:32 (P).

Brown-Driver-Briggs References