Lexical Definition

‎סָגַר‎ çâgar (saw-gar') to shut ^H:V
a primitive root

close up, deliver (up), give over (up), inclose, [idiom] pure, repair, shut (in, self, out, up, up together), stop, [idiom] straitly.

• to shut up
• figuratively, to surrender

1) to shut, close
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to shut
1a2) to close, close up
1a3) closed up, closely joined, shut up
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be shut up
1b2) to be shut or closed
1c) (Piel) to shut up, deliver up
1d) (Pual) to be shut up
1e) (Hiphil)
1e1) to deliver up
1e2) to shut up, imprison

See Greek: ἀναπληρόω · ἀποκλείω · ἀφορίζω · ἐξαίρω · καθαρός · καταλαμβάνω · κλείω · παραδίδωμι · σύνδεσμος

Extended Information

• Aramaic equivalent: se.gar (‎ס‎ְ‎ג‎ַ‎ר‎ "to shut" סְגַר)

Brown-Driver-Briggs

Aramaic form: סְגַר
Also see: מָגַן

I. ‎סָגַר‎ verb shut, close (Late Hebrew id., Aramaic ‎סְגַר‎, id.; Zinjirli ‎מסגרת‎ prison Lzb³²⁸; Phoenician ‎סגר‎ Pi`el or Hiph`il deliver over; possibly Ethiopic (prison) guard Prä^{BAS i. 371}); —

Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular ‎׳‎‎ס‎ Gen 19:6 +, 3 plural ‎סָֽגְרוּ‎ 2Chr 29:7, ‎סָֽגְר֑וּ‎ Ps 17:10 (compare Baer's n., Ges^{«GKC:29o»§ 29o} Kö^{ii, 1, 535 Anm}.), ‎סָגָר֑וּ‎ Gen 19:10; Josh 2:7 Imperfect ‎יִסְגֹּר‎ Job 12:14; Mal 1:10, 1 plural cohortative ‎נִסְגְּרָה‎ Neh 6:10, etc.; Imperative masculine singular ‎סְגֹר‎ Ps 35:3; Isa 26:20 (‎וּסֲגֹר‎ Baer Ginsb), masculine plural ‎סִגְרוּ‎ 2Kgs 6:32 Infinitive construct ‎לִסְגּוֺר‎ Josh 2:5 Participle active ‎סֹגֵר‎ Isa 22:22 feminine ‎סֹגֶּרֶת‎ Josh 6:1 (but see below); passive ‎סָגוּר‎ 1Kgs 6:20 + 12 t.; —

1. shut door (‎דֶּלֶת‎) Gen 19:10 (J) 2Kgs 6:32; Mal 1:10; Neh 6:10; 2Chr 28:24; 2Chr 29:7 gate (‎שַׁעַר‎) Josh 2:7 (JE) Ezek 46:12, compare Ezek 44:1; Ezek 44:2 (twice in verse); Ezek 46:1, ‎לִסְגֹּר‎ ‎׳‎‎וַיְהִי הַשּׁ‎ Josh 2:5 (JE), also (‎שַׁעַר‎ omitted) Josh 6:1 (si vera 1.; ‎סֹגֶרֶת‎ dittograph according to Buhl^{Lex 13}); door after one (‎אַחֲרֵי‎), on leaving room Gen 19:6 (J); upon, behind, oneself, from within (‎בְּעַד‎ q. v.) 2Kgs 4:4; 2Kgs 4:5; 2Kgs 4:33; Isa 26:20 (figurative), also (‎דֶּלֶת‎ omitted) Judg 9:51; 2Kgs 4:21 with ‎דֶּלֶת‎ + ‎בְּעַד‎ upon one left inside Judg 3:23, and (‎דֶּלֶת‎ omitted) Gen 7:16 (J); figurative ‎דַּלְתֵי בִטְנִי‎ ‎׳‎‎ס‎ Job 3:10, compare ‎רַחְמָהּ‎ ‎׳‎‎ס‎ 1Sam 1:5, ‎בְּעַד‎ ‎׳‎‎ס‎ ‎רַחְמָהּ‎ v1Sam 1:6 absolute shut (opposed to ‎פָּתַח‎) Isa 22:22 (twice in verse); metaphor ‎׳‎‎חֶלְבָּמוֺ ס‎ Ps 17:10 their fat (i.e. gross, unreceptive heart) they have closed.

2. a. close in upon (‎בְּעַד‎) Judg 3:22 (fat upon blade of sword), so possibly also ‎וַיִּסְגֹּר בָּשָׂר תַּחְתֶּנָּה‎ Gen 2:21 (J) and flesh closed in, in place of it (usually and he closed flesh, i.e. closed the gap with flesh); ‎עֲלֵיהֶם הַמִּדְבָּר‎ ‎׳‎‎ס‎ Exod 14:3 the wilderness hath closed in upon them; object omitted, ‎יִסְגֹּר עַלאִֿישׁ‎ Job 12:14 he closeth in upon a man, figurative of imprisonment.
b. close up breach (‎פֶּרֶץ‎) [in wall] of city 1Kgs 11:27 possibly close up [path] (si vera 1.) Ps 35:3 Vrss Ol De Bae; JDMich DeW Ew Hup-Now Che take ‎סְגֹר‎ here as weapon, usually battle-axe [Greek σάγαρις] of Massagetae Herod^{i. 215} compare Lag^{Ges. Abh. 203}, also Egyptian sagart· (loan-word) Bondi⁵⁵; both improbable, text probably corrupt; Schw^{ZAW xi (1891), 258} reads ‎חֲגֹר‎ > Hal^{Rev. Sém. iii (1894), 47} ‎עוּרָה‎ (compare Ps 59:5*).

3. Passive participle, closed up = closely joined with tight seal, Job 41:7* (of scales of crocodile).

4. elsewhere only Passive participle in ‎זָהָב סָגוּר‎ (gold shut up, and so prized, rare, fine ?), only of temple adornment and utensils 1Kgs 6:20; 1Kgs 6:21; 1Kgs 7:49; 1Kgs 7:50; 1Kgs 10:21 = 1Chr 9:20; 1Chr 4:20; 1Chr 4:22 perhaps read ‎סָגוּר‎ (abbreviated for ‎׳‎‎ס‎ ‎׳‎‎ז‎) Job 28:15 (for ᵑ0 ‎סְגוֺר‎, so Hoffm Bu Du): compare Assyrian —urâƒu sakru, Dl^{HWB 499}.

Niph`al Perfect 3 masculine singular ‎נִסְגַּר‎ 1Sam 23:7 Imperfect 3 masculine singular ‎יִסָּגֵר‎ Ezek 46:2 3 feminine singular jussive ‎תִּסָּגֵר‎ Num 12:14, ‎וַתִּסָּגֵר‎ vNum 12:15 3 masculine plural ‎יִסָּנֵר֑וּ‎ Isa 45:1; Isa 60:11, ‎וַיִּסָּֽגְרוּ‎ Neh 13:19 Imperative masculine singular ‎הִסָּגֵר‎ Ezek 3:24 —

1. subject person be shut up [in city] 1Sam 23:7, ‎מִחוּץ לַמַּחֲנֶה‎ Num 12:14; Num 12:15 (E); ‎בְּתוֺךְ‎ ‎בַּיִת‎ Ezek 3:24.

2. be shut, closed, of city gates Ezek 46:2; Isa 45:1; Isa 60:11 and (‎דלתות‎) Neh 13:19.

Pi`el Perfect 3 masculine singular ‎סִגַּר‎ 1Sam 26:8; 2Sam 18:28 suffix ‎סִגְּרַנִי‎ 1Sam 24:19* Imperfect 3 masculine singular suffix ‎יְסַגֶּרְךָ‎ 1Sam 17:46 — deliver up to (leave no other opening for one, shut one up to), compare [‎מָגַן‎], ‎מִגֵּן‎, p. 171 b above), only Samuel: with accusative of person + ‎בְּיַד‎ 1Sam 17:46; 1Sam 24:19*; 1Sam 26:8 ‎בְּיַד‎ omitted 2Sam 18:28 (see also Hiph`il). p. 698 Pu`al Perfect 3 masculine singular ‎סֻגַּר‎ Isa 24:10 3 plural ‎סֻגְּרוּ‎ Jer 13:19, ‎וְסֻגְּרוּ‎ consecutive Isa 24:22 Participle feminine ‎מְסֻגֶּ֫רֶת‎ Josh 6:1 — be shut up:

1. of cities Jer 13:19 (opposed to ‎פָּתַח‎), of beleaguered city Josh 6:1 (JE), of houses Isa 24:10 (+ ‎מִבּוֺא‎).

2. of prisoners ‎עַלמַֿסְגֵּר‎ Isa 24:22 = down into a dungeon.

3. of doors Eccl 12:14.

Hiph`il Perfect 3 masculine singular ‎הִסְגִּיר‎ Lev 14:46 +; 2 masculine singular suffix ‎הִסְגַּרְתַּ֫נִי‎ Ps 31:9* 1 singular ‎וְהִסְגַּרְתִּ֫י‎ Amos 6:8, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular ‎יַסְגִּיר‎ Job 11:10, ‎וַיַּסְגֵּר‎ Ps 78:48; Ps 78:62 2 masculine singular ‎תַּסְגִּר‎ Deut 23:16*, jussive ‎תַּסְגֵּר‎ Obad 1:14, etc.; Infinitive construct ‎הַסְגִּיר‎ Amos 1:6, suffix ‎הַסְגִּירוֺ‎ 1Sam 23:20, ‎הַסְגִּירָם‎ Amos 1:9 —

1. deliver up to (compare Pi`el), with accusative of person + ‎בְּיַד‎ 1Sam 23:11; 1Sam 23:12; 1Sam 23:20; 1Sam 30:15; Josh 20:5 (D) Ps 31:9* + ‎לְ‎ Amos 1:9; Ps 78:50; Ps 78:62, and (accusative of person omitted) Amos 1:6 + ‎אֶלֿ‎ Deut 23:16*; Job 16:11 with accusative of animal + ‎לְ‎ Ps 78:48 with accusative of person alone Deut 32:30; Obad 1:14, accusative omitted 1Sam 23:12 with accusative urb. alone Amos 6:8.

2. shut up (late; chiefly Lev 13, 14, P):
a. with accusative of person Lev 13:5; Lev 13:11; Lev 13:21; Lev 13:26 compare vLev 13:4 vLev 13:31 vLev 13:33, so (absolute) = imprison Job 11:10 with accusative of thing Lev 13:54 compare vLev 13:50.
b. with accusative ‎הַבַּיִת‎ Lev 14:38 and (indefinite subject) vLev 14:46.

Brown-Driver-Briggs References