Lexical Definition

‎טָהֵר‎ ṭâhêr (taw-hare') be pure ^H:V
a primitive root; properly, to be bright; i.e. (by implication)

be (make, make self, pronounce) clean, cleanse (self), purge, purify(-ier, self).

• to be pure (physical sound, clear, unadulterated
• Levitically, uncontaminated
• morally, innocent or holy)

1) to be clean, be pure
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to be clean (physically-of disease)
1a2) to be clean ceremonially
1a3) to purify, be clean morally, made clean
1b) (Piel)
1b1) to cleanse, purify
1b1a) physically
1b1b) ceremonially
1b1c) morally
1b2) to pronounce clean
1b3) to perform the ceremony of cleansing
1c) (Pual) to be cleansed, be pronounced clean
1d) (Hithpael)
1d1) to purify oneself
1d1a) ceremonially
1d1b) morally
1d2) to present oneself for purification

See Greek: ἁγνίζω · ἁγνισμός · ἀκάθαρτος · ἄμεμπτος · βρέχω · καθαρίζω · καθαρισμός · καθαρός

Brown-Driver-Briggs

‎טָהֵר‎ verb be clean, pure (Arabic , id.; Late Hebrew id., Pi`el make or declare ceremonially clean; Aramaic ‎טְהַר‎ emptiness, ‎טִיהֲרָא‎ brightness; Sabean ‎טהר‎ Hal⁶⁸²; Ethiopic purify, wash oneself with water) —

Qal Perfect ‎׳‎‎ט‎ Lev 11:32 + 12 t.; 3 feminine singular ‎טָֽהֲרָה‎ Lev 12:7; Lev 15:28 ‎טָהֵ֑רָה‎ Lev 12:8 etc., + 5 t. Perfect; Imperfect ‎יִטְהַר‎ Lev 15:13; Job 4:17 etc., + 9 t. Imperfect; Imperative ‎טְהָ֑ר‎ 2Kgs 5:10; 2Kgs 5:13 —

1. be clean, i.e. (miraculously) freed from leprosy by washing in the Jordan 2Kgs 5:10; 2Kgs 5:12; 2Kgs 5:13; 2Kgs 5:14.

2. be clean ceremonially (only H P), Lev 15:13; Lev 15:28 (twice in verse) (P), Lev 22:4 (H); by washing with water, the flesh Lev 22:7 (H); garments Lev 13:6; Lev 13:34; Lev 13:58; Num 31:24 (all P); both flesh and garments Lev 17:5 (H), Lev 14:8; Lev 14:9; Lev 15:13; Num 19:19 (all P); other articles Lev 11:32 (P); passing things through the fire Num 31:23 (P); offering sin-offerings Lev 12:7; Lev 12:8; Lev 14:20 (P); by the ceremony of the two birds Lev 14:53 (P); by ashes of red heifer Num 19:12 (twice in verse) (P).

3. be clean morally, of people, made clean by ‎׳‎‎י‎'s scattering clean water upon them Ezek 36:25 of Jerusalem, specifically made clean from idolatry, under figure of adultery Jer 13:27 also followed by ‎מִן‎ Ezek 24:13 (twice in verse) (purification by ‎׳‎‎י‎); made clean ‎מִכָּלחַֿטּאֹתֵיכֶם‎ Lev 16:30 (P; by the sin-offering of the atonement day); also of the individual, be clean ‎מֵחַטָּאוֺת‎ Prov 20:9 (|| ‎זכה‎); become clean by use of hyssop Ps 51:9* (|| ‎אַלְבִּין‎); more generally ‎אִםמֵֿעשֵֹׁהוּ יִטְהַרגָּֿ֑בֶר‎ Job 4:17 shall a man be more pure than his maker? (|| ‎יִצְדָּ֑ק‎). Pi`el Perfect ‎טִהַר‎ Lev 13:3 + 4 t.; suffix ‎טִהֲרוֺ‎ Lev 13:6 + 5 t.; 2 masculine singular ‎טִהַרְתָּ‎ Num 8:6; Num 8:15 etc. + 7 t. Perfect; Imperfect; ‎יְטַהֵר‎ 2Chr 34:5 etc. + 4 t. Imperfect; Imperative suffix ‎טַהֲרֵנִי‎ Ps 51:4* Infinitive construct ‎טַהֵר‎ Ezek 39:12 + 5 t.; suffix ‎טַהֲרִי‎ Ezek 36:33 etc. + 4 t. Infinitive; Participle ‎מְטַחֵר‎ Lev 14:11; Mal 3:3 — chiefly P;

1. cleanse, purify:
a. physically, metals from dross Mal 3:3 land from corpses Ezek 39:12; Ezek 39:14; Ezek 39:16 heavens from clouds Job 37:21 temple from unclean things 2Chr 29:15; 2Chr 29:16; 2Chr 29:18 land and city from Asherim and images 2Chr 34:3; 2Chr 34:5; 2Chr 34:8 store-chambers of temple from household stuff Neh 13:9 priesthood by exclusion of alien blood Neh 13:30.
b. ceremonially, the altar of incense by the blood of the annual sin-offering Lev 16:19 (P); the people, gates, and wall (by some undefined ceremony) Neh 12:30 the altar of the court by the blood of sin-offerings Ezek 43:26 of consecration of Levites by ‎מֵי חטאת‎ Num 8:6; Num 8:7 (P), and ‎חטאת‎ Num 8:15; Num 8:21 (P).
c. morally Lev 16:30 (P), Ezek 37:23; Mal 3:3 ‎מֵחַטָּאֹת‎ Ps 51:4* ‎מֵעונ(ותׅ‎ Jer 33:8; Ezek 36:33 ‎מִטּמא(ו)ת‎ Ezek 24:13; Ezek 36:25.

2. pronounce clean, ceremonially Lev 13:6; Lev 13:13; Lev 13:17; Lev 13:23; Lev 12:28; Lev 13:34; Lev 13:37; Lev 13:59; Lev 14:7; Lev 14:48 (all P).

3. perform the ceremony of cleansing Lev 14:11 (P). Pu`al Perfect 3 masculine singular ‎טֹהַר‎ 1Sam 20:26 (so. read for ᵑ0 ‎טהור‎ ᵐ5 We Dr, he is not clean, because he hath not been cleansed); Participle ‎אֶרֶץ לֹא‎ ‎מְטֹהָרָה‎ a land not cleansed Ezek 22:24 (but ᵐ5 Hi Ew Co SS read a land not rained upon, see ‎מטר‎). Hithpa`el Perfect 3 plural ‎הִטָּֽהֲרוּ‎ Ezra 6:20 ‎הִטֶּהָ֑רוּ‎ (Kö^{i. 271}) 2Chr 30:18; Num 8:7 1 plural ‎הִטַּהַרְנוּ‎ Josh 22:17 Imperfect ‎יִטָּֽהֲרוּ‎ Neh 12:30 Imperative ‎הִטָּֽהֲרוּ‎ Gen 35:2 Participle ‎מִטַּהֵר‎ Lev 14:7 + 11 t.; plural ‎מִטַּהֲרִים‎ Neh 13:22; Isa 66:17 — reflexive:

1. purify oneself:
a. ceremonially, especially in preparation for sacred duties Gen 35:2 (R), Num 8:7; 2Chr 30:18; Ezra 6:20; Neh 13:22 also for heathen mysteries Isa 66:17 of purifying priests, people, and wall Neh 12:30 (compare Pi`el 1 b).
b. morally Josh 22:17 (P).

2. present oneself for purification, only participle ‎הַמִּטַּהֵר‎ the candidate for purification Lev 14:4; Lev 14:7; Lev 14:8; Lev 14:11; Lev 14:14; Lev 14:17; Lev 14:18; Lev 14:19; Lev 14:25; Lev 14:28; Lev 14:29; Lev 14:31 (P).

Brown-Driver-Briggs References