(KJV) 2 Chronicles 131

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Abijah Reigns in Judah[ 1 Kings 15:1–8 ]

[1] Now in the eighteenth2 year of king Jeroboam began Abijah to reign over Judah.3 [2] He reigned three years in Jerusalem. His mother’s name also [was] Michaiah4 the daughter of Uriel of Gibeah5. And there was6 war between Abijah and Jeroboam. [3] And Abijah set7 the battle in array with an army of valiant men of war, [even] four hundred8 thousand chosen men: Jeroboam also set the battle in array against him with eight hundred9 thousand chosen men, [being] mighty men of valour.

Civil War against Jeroboam

[4] [¶]And Abijah stood up upon mount Zemaraim10, which [is] in mount Ephraim, and said, Hear me11, thou Jeroboam, and all Israel; [5] Ought ye not12 to know that the Lord13 God of Israel gave the kingdom over Israel to David14 for ever, [even] to him and to his sons by a covenant of salt15? [6] Yet Jeroboam the son of Nebat, the servant of Solomon the son of David, is risen up, and hath rebelled16 against his lord. [7] And there are gathered unto him vain men17, the children of Belial18, and have strengthened themselves against Rehoboam the son of Solomon, when Rehoboam was young19 and tenderhearted, and could not20 withstand them. [8] And now ye think to withstand the kingdom21 of the Lord in the hand of the sons of David; and ye [be] a great multitude22, and [there are] with you golden23 calves, which Jeroboam made you for gods. [9] Have ye not cast out24 the priests of the Lord, the sons of Aaron, and the Levites, and have made you priests25 after the manner of the nations of [other] lands? so that whosoever cometh to consecrate himself26 with a young27 bullock and seven rams, [the same] may be a priest of [them that are] no gods28. [10] But as for us, the Lord29 [is] our God, and we have not forsaken him; and the priests30, which minister unto the Lord, [are] the sons of Aaron, and the Levites [wait] upon [their] business: [11] And they burn31 unto the Lord every morning and every evening burnt sacrifices and sweet incense32: the shewbread33 also [set they in order] upon the pure table; and the candlestick34 of gold with the lamps thereof, to burn every evening: for we keep35 the charge of the Lord our God; but ye have forsaken him. [12] And, behold, God36 himself [is] with us for [our] captain37, and his priests38 with sounding trumpets to cry alarm against you. O children of Israel, fight ye39 not against the Lord God of your fathers; for ye shall not40 prosper.

[13] But Jeroboam caused an ambushment41 to come about behind them: so they were before Judah, and the ambushment [was] behind them. [14] And when Judah looked back42, behold, the battle [was] before and behind: and they cried43 unto the Lord, and the priests44 sounded with the trumpets. [15] Then the men of Judah gave a shout: and as the men45 of Judah shouted, it came to pass, that God smote46 Jeroboam and all Israel before Abijah and Judah. [16] And the children of Israel fled before Judah: and God delivered47 them into their hand. [17] And Abijah and his people slew them with a great slaughter: so there fell down slain of Israel five hundred48 thousand chosen men. [18] Thus the children of Israel were brought under at that time, and the children of Judah prevailed, because they relied49 upon the Lord God of their fathers. [19] And Abijah pursued after Jeroboam, and took cities50 from him, Beth–el with the towns thereof, and Jeshanah51 with the towns thereof, and Ephrain52 with the towns thereof. [20] Neither did53 Jeroboam recover strength again in the days of Abijah: and the Lord54 struck him, and he died55.

[21] [¶]But Abijah waxed56 mighty, and married fourteen wives57, and begat58 twenty and two sons, and sixteen daughters. [22] And the rest of the acts of Abijah, and his ways, and his sayings, [are] written in the story59 of the prophet Iddo60.

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  1. 2Chr 13:1, Abijah succeeding makes war against Jeroboam; 2Chr 13:4, He declares the right of his cause; 2Chr 13:13, Trusting in God, he overcomes Jeroboam; 2Chr 13:21, The wives and children of Abijah. 

  2. 2Chr 12:16; 1Kgs 15:1-8 

  3. am 3046-3049, bc 958-955 

  4. 2Chr 11:20, Maachah the daughter of Absalom, 1Kgs 15:2, Abishalom 

  5. Josh 18:28, Gibeath, Judg 19:14, Judg 19:16; 1Sam 10:26, am 3047, bc 957 

  6. 1Kgs 15:6-7 

  7. Heb. bound together, 1Sam 17:1-3 

  8. 2Chr 11:1, 2Chr 14:8, 2Chr 17:14-18, 2Chr 26:12-13; 1Chr 21:5 

  9. 2Chr 14:9 

  10. Zemaraim could not be, as some have supposed, the same as the hill of Samaria, ωΡξψεο ( ‎שֹׁמְרוֹן‎ ), so called from Shemer, in the days of Omri; but was probably a hill on the confines of Ephraim, near Zemaraim, a city of Benjamin, near Beth–el. Gen 10:18; Josh 18:22 

  11. 2Chr 15:2; Judg 9:7 

  12. Neh 5:9; Prov 1:29; 2Pet 3:5 

  13. Judg 11:21-24; Jer 27:5-7; Dan 4:25-32, Dan 5:18 

  14. 1Sam 16:1, 1Sam 16:12; 2Sam 7:12-16; 1Kgs 8:20; 1Chr 17:11, 1Chr 17:14, 1Chr 28:4-5; Ps 89:19-37; Jer 33:21-22, Jer 33:26; Luke 1:31-33 

  15. Lev 2:13; Num 18:19; Ezek 43:24; Mark 9:49-50 

  16. 2Chr 10:19; 1Kgs 11:26, 1Kgs 12:20, 1Kgs 12:27 

  17. Judg 9:4, Judg 11:3; 1Sam 22:2; Job 30:8; Ps 26:4; Prov 12:11, Prov 28:19; Acts 17:5; Titus 1:10 

  18. Deut 13:13; 1Kgs 21:10, 1Kgs 21:13 

  19. 2Chr 10:16, 2Chr 12:13; Eccl 10:16; Isa 3:4; 1Cor 14:20; Heb 5:12 

  20. 2Chr 11:1-4 

  21. 2Chr 9:8; Ps 2:1-6; Isa 7:6-7, Isa 9:6-7; Luke 19:14, Luke 19:27 

  22. 2Chr 14:9-11, 2Chr 20:6, 2Chr 20:12; Ps 33:16 

  23. 2Chr 11:15; 1Kgs 12:28, 1Kgs 14:9; Hos 8:5-6 

  24. 2Chr 11:14-15 

  25. 1Kgs 12:31-33, 1Kgs 13:33 

  26. Heb. fill his hand, Exod 32:29; Lev 16:32; 1Chr 29:5 *marg. 

  27. Exod 29:1, Exod 29:35; Lev 8:2 

  28. Deut 32:17; 2Kgs 19:18; Jer 2:11; Hos 8:6; Acts 19:26; Gal 4:8 

  29. We have not abandoned the Lord; and we still serve him according to His own law. But what Abijah urged concerning the state of religion in Judah was not strictly just; and, as spoken by him, it favoured ostentation. Abijah himself was but an indifferent character; and idolatry was evidently connived at in his days. Yet it was true, that the men of Judah had the priests, ordinances, and worship of Jehovah among them; that there were numbers of pious worshippers in the land; that theirs was the more righteous cause; that Jehovah was on their side as their Captain, while Israel fought against him; and that the presence of the priests with the sacred trumpets was a token of His presence and favour. 2Chr 11:16-17; Exod 19:5-6; Zech 13:9 

  30. Exod 29:1-37; Num 16:40, Num 18:1-7 

  31. 2Chr 2:4; Exod 29:38 

  32. Exod 30:1-10; Lev 2:1-3; Num 16:6, Num 16:46; Luke 1:9; Rev 8:3-4 

  33. Exod 25:30; Lev 24:5-9 

  34. Exod 25:31-39, Exod 27:20-21; Lev 24:2-4 

  35. Gen 26:5; Num 9:19; Ezek 44:8, Ezek 44:15, Ezek 48:11 

  36. Num 23:21; 1Sam 4:5-7; Isa 8:10; Zech 10:5; Rom 8:31 

  37. Deut 20:4; Josh 5:13-15; Ps 20:7; Heb 2:10 

  38. Num 10:8-9, Num 31:6; Josh 6:13-20 

  39. Job 15:25-26, Job 40:9; Isa 45:9; Jer 50:24; Acts 5:39, Acts 9:4-5 

  40. 2Chr 24:20; Num 14:41; Deut 28:29; Job 9:4; Isa 54:17; Jer 2:37; Ezek 17:9 

  41. 2Chr 20:22; Josh 8:4; Prov 21:30; Jer 4:22 

  42. Exod 14:10; Josh 8:20; Judg 20:33-43; 2Sam 10:8-14 

  43. 2Chr 14:11, 2Chr 18:31; Ps 50:15, Ps 91:5 

  44. 2Chr 13:12 

  45. 2Chr 20:21; Josh 6:16, Josh 6:20; Judg 7:18-22; Ps 47:1, Ps 47:5 

  46. 2Chr 14:12; Num 32:4; Josh 11:8; Judg 4:15; 2Kgs 5:1; Ps 118:4-7; Isa 37:36 

  47. Gen 14:20; Deut 2:36, Deut 3:3; Josh 10:12, Josh 21:44; Judg 1:4, Judg 11:21; 1Sam 23:7 

  48. 2Chr 13:3, 2Chr 13:12, 2Chr 28:6; Isa 10:16-19, Isa 37:36; Nah 1:5; 1Cor 10:22 

  49. 2Chr 16:8-9, 2Chr 20:20; 2Kgs 18:5; 1Chr 5:20; Ps 22:4-5, Ps 146:5; Dan 3:28; Nah 1:7; Eph 1:12 

  50. Josh 10:19, Josh 10:39, Josh 11:12; 1Sam 31:7 

  51. Jeshanah, according to the Talmud, was not far from Sephoris. Perhaps it is the Migdal-Senna of Eusebius, eight miles north of Jericho. 

  52. Ephrain, or Ephron, a city of Benjamin, is placed by Eusebius, eight miles north of Jerusalem, near Beth–el. Josephus calls Ephrain and Beth–el two little cities; and places the former in the tribe of Benjamin, near the wilderness of Judea, in the way to Jericho. 2Chr 15:8; Josh 15:9, Ephron, John 11:54 

  53. Ps 18:37-38 

  54. 1Sam 25:38, 1Sam 26:10; Ezek 24:16; Acts 12:23 

  55. 1Kgs 14:20, 1Kgs 15:9 

  56. 2Sam 5:12-13 

  57. 2Chr 11:21 

  58. Judg 8:30-31, Judg 9:5, Judg 10:4 

  59. or, commentary 

  60. 2Chr 9:29, 2Chr 12:15