(KJV) Judges 81

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Gideon Defeats Zebah and Zalmunna

[1] And the men2 of Ephraim said unto him, Why3 hast thou served us thus, that thou calledst us not, when thou wentest to fight with the Midianites? And they did chide with him sharply. [2] And he said unto them, What4 have I done now in comparison of you? [Is] not the5 gleaning of the grapes of Ephraim better than the vintage of Abi–ezer6? [3] God7 hath delivered into your hands the princes of Midian, Oreb and Zeeb: and what was I able to do in comparison of you? Then8 their anger9 was abated toward him, when he had said that.

[4] And Gideon came to Jordan, [and] passed over, he, and the three hundred men that [were] with him, faint10, yet pursuing [them]. [5] And he said unto the men of Succoth11, Give, I pray you, loaves12 of bread unto the people that follow me; for they [be] faint, and I am pursuing after Zebah and Zalmunna, kings of Midian.

[6] [¶]And the princes of Succoth said, [Are] the hands of Zebah and Zalmunna now in thine hand, that we should give bread unto thine army?13 [7] And Gideon said, Therefore when the Lord hath delivered Zebah and Zalmunna into mine hand, then I will tear14 your flesh with the thorns of the wilderness and with briers.

[8] [¶]And he went up thence to Penuel, and spake unto them likewise: and the men of Penuel answered him as the men of Succoth had answered [him].15 [9] And he spake also unto the men of Penuel, saying, When I come16 again in peace, I will break17 down this tower.

[10] [¶]Now Zebah and Zalmunna [were] in Karkor18, and their hosts with them, about fifteen thousand [men], all that were left of all the hosts of the children19 of the east: for there fell an hundred20 and twenty thousand men that drew sword.

[11] [¶]And Gideon went up by the way of them that dwelt in tents on the east of Nobah21 and Jogbehah, and smote the host: for the host was secure22. [12] And when Zebah and Zalmunna fled, he pursued after them, and took23 the two kings of Midian, Zebah and Zalmunna, and discomfited24 all the host.

[13] [¶]And Gideon the son of Joash returned from battle before25 the sun [was up], [14] And caught26 a young man of the men of Succoth, and enquired of him: and he described27 unto him the princes of Succoth, and the elders thereof, [even] threescore and seventeen men. [15] And he came unto the men of Succoth, and said, Behold Zebah and Zalmunna, with whom ye did upbraid28 me, saying, [Are] the hands of Zebah and Zalmunna now in thine hand, that we should give bread unto thy men [that are] weary? [16] And he took the elders29 of the city, and thorns30 of the wilderness and briers, and with them he taught31 the men of Succoth. [17] And he beat down the tower of Penuel, and slew the men of the city.32

[18] Then said he unto Zebah and Zalmunna, What manner of men [were they] whom ye slew at Tabor33? And they answered, As thou [art34], so [were] they; each one resembled35 the children of a king. [19] And he said, They [were] my brethren, [even] the sons of my mother: [as] the Lord liveth, if ye had saved them alive, I would not slay you. [20] And he said unto Jether his firstborn, Up, [and] slay them. But the youth drew not his sword: for he feared, because he [was] yet a youth.36 [21] Then Zebah and Zalmunna said, Rise thou37, and fall upon us: for as the man [is], [so is] his strength. And Gideon arose, and slew38 Zebah and Zalmunna, and took away the ornaments39 that [were] on their camels’ necks.

Gideon’s Ephod

[22] Then the men of Israel said unto Gideon, Rule thou40 over us, both thou, and thy son, and thy son’s son also: for thou hast delivered us from the hand of Midian. [23] And Gideon said unto them, I will41 not rule over you, neither shall my son rule over you: the Lord42 shall rule over you.

[24] [¶]And Gideon said unto them, I would desire a request of you, that ye would give me43 every man the earrings of his prey. (For they had golden earrings, because44 they [were] Ishmaelites.) [25] And they answered, We will willingly give [them]. And they spread a garment, and did cast therein every man the earrings of his prey. [26] And the weight of the golden earrings that he requested was a thousand45 and seven hundred [shekels] of gold; beside ornaments, and collars46, and purple47 raiment that [was] on the kings of Midian, and beside the chains48 that [were] about their camels’ necks. [27] And Gideon made an ephod49 thereof, and put it in his city, [even] in Ophrah50: and all Israel went thither a whoring51 after it: which thing became a snare52 unto Gideon, and to his house.

Forty Years of Peace

[28] [¶]Thus was Midian53 subdued before the children of Israel, so that they lifted up their heads no more. And the country was in quietness forty years54 in the days of Gideon.

[29] And Jerubbaal55 the son of Joash went and dwelt in his own house56. [30] And Gideon had threescore57 and ten sons of his body begotten58: for he had many wives59. [31] And his concubine60 that [was] in Shechem, she also bare him a son, whose name he called61 Abimelech62.

Gideon’s Death

[32] [¶]And Gideon the son of Joash died in63 a good old age, and was buried in the sepulchre of Joash his father, in Ophrah64 of the Abi–ezrites. [33] And it came to pass, as soon65 as Gideon was dead, that the children of Israel turned again, and went66 a whoring after Baalim, and made Baal–berith67 their god. [34] And the children of Israel remembered68 not the Lord their God, who had delivered them out of the hands of all their enemies on every side: [35] Neither shewed69 they kindness to the house of Jerubbaal70, [namely], Gideon, according to all the goodness which he had shewed unto Israel.

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  1. Judg 8:1, Gideon pacifies the Ephraimites; Judg 8:4, Succoth and Penuel refuse to deliver Gideon’s army; Judg 8:10, Zebah and Zalmunna are taken; Judg 8:13, Succoth and Penuel are destroyed; Judg 8:17, Gideon revenges his brethren’s death on Zebah and Zalmunna; Judg 8:22, He refuses government; Judg 8:24, His ephod the cause of idolatry; Judg 8:28, Midian subdued; Judg 8:29, Gideon’s children, and death; Judg 8:33, The Israelites’ idolatry and ingratitude. 

  2. Judg 12:1-6; 2Sam 19:41; Job 5:2; Eccl 4:4; Jas 4:5-6 

  3. etc. Heb. What thing is this thou hast done unto us, sharply. Heb. strongly. 

  4. 1Cor 13:4-7; Gal 5:14-15; Phil 2:2-3; Jas 1:19-20, Jas 3:13-18 

  5. That is, the Ephraimites have performed more important services than Gideon and his men had achieved. 

  6. Judg 6:11, Judg 6:34 

  7. Judg 7:24-25; Ps 44:3, Ps 115:1, Ps 118:14-16; John 4:37; Rom 12:3, Rom 12:6, Rom 15:18-19; Phil 2:3 

  8. Prov 15:1, Prov 16:32, Prov 25:11, Prov 25:15 

  9. Heb. spirit 

  10. 1Sam 14:28-29, 1Sam 14:31-32, 1Sam 30:10; 2Cor 4:8-9, 2Cor 4:16; Gal 6:9; Heb 12:1-4 

  11. Gen 33:17; Ps 60:6 

  12. Gen 14:18; Deut 23:4; 1Sam 25:18; 2Sam 17:28-29; 3John 1:6-8 

  13. Judg 5:23; Gen 25:13, Gen 37:25, Gen 37:28; 1Sam 25:10-11; 1Kgs 20:11; 2Kgs 14:9; Prov 18:23; Phil 2:21 

  14. Heb. thresh, Judg 8:16 

  15. Gen 32:30-31; 1Kgs 12:25 

  16. 1Kgs 22:27-28 

  17. Judg 8:17 

  18. If this were the name of a place, it is no where else mentioned. Some contend that karkor signifies rest; and the Vulgate renders it requiescebant, "rested". This seems the most likely; for it is said (Judg 8:11) that Gideon "smote the host. For the host was secure." 

  19. Judg 7:12 

  20. etc. or, an hundred and twenty thousand every one drawing a sword, Judg 7:22, Judg 20:2, Judg 20:15, Judg 20:17, Judg 20:25, Judg 20:35, Judg 20:46; 2Kgs 3:26; 2Chr 13:17, 2Chr 28:6, 2Chr 28:8; Isa 37:36 

  21. Nobah took its name from an Israelite who conquered it; and is said by Eusebius to have been, in his time, a forsaken place eight miles south from Heshbon. Jogbehah was probably near it. Num 32:35, Num 32:42 

  22. Judg 18:27; 1Sam 15:32, 1Sam 30:16; 1Thess 5:3 

  23. Josh 10:16-18, Josh 10:22-25; Job 12:16-21, Job 34:19; Ps 83:11; Amos 2:14; Rev 6:15-16, Rev 19:19-21 

  24. Heb. terrified 

  25. The words milmaaleh haichaires should, most probably be rendered "from the ascent of Chares;" which is the reading of the LXX Syriac, Arabic, and Houbigant. Judg 8:13 

  26. Judg 1:24-25; 1Sam 30:11-15 

  27. Heb. writ 

  28. Judg 8:6-7 

  29. Judg 8:7; Prov 10:13, Prov 19:29; Ezra 2:6 

  30. Mic 7:4 

  31. Heb. made to know, Instead of wyyoda, Houbigant, Lev. Clerc, and others read wyyadosh, "and he tore or threshed;" and this is not only agreeable to what Gideon threatened (Judg 8:7), but is supported by the LXX Vulgate, Chaldee, Syriac, and Arabic. The Hebrew Text might easily have been corrupted simply by the change of ωΡ, shin, into ς, ayin, letters very similar to each other. 

  32. Judg 8:9; 1Kgs 12:25 

  33. Judg 4:6; Ps 89:12 

  34. Ps 12:2; Jude 1:16 

  35. Heb. according to the form of, etc 

  36. Josh 10:24; 1Sam 15:33; Ps 149:9 

  37. It was disgraceful to fall by the hands of a child; and death by the blows of such a person must be much more lingering and tormenting. Some have employed children to dispatch captives. Judg 9:54; 1Sam 31:3, 1Sam 31:5; Rev 9:6 

  38. Ps 83:1 

  39. or, ornaments like the moon, Isa 3:18 

  40. Judg 9:8-15; 1Sam 8:5, 1Sam 12:12; John 6:15 

  41. Judg 2:18, Judg 10:18, Judg 11:9-11; Luke 22:24-27; 2Cor 1:24; 1Pet 5:3 

  42. 1Sam 8:6-7, 1Sam 10:19, 1Sam 12:12; Isa 33:22, Isa 63:19 

  43. Gen 24:22, Gen 24:53; Exod 12:35, Exod 32:3; 1Pet 3:3-5 

  44. Gen 16:10-11, Gen 25:13, Gen 37:25, Gen 37:28; 1Sam 25:11; 1Kgs 20:11 

  45. Taking the shekel at half an ounce, the sum of the gold ear-rings was 73 lbs. 4 oz. and worth about £3,300 sterling. 

  46. or, sweet jewels 

  47. Esth 8:15; Jer 10:9; Ezek 27:7; Luke 16:19; John 19:2, John 19:5; Rev 17:4; Rev 18:12, Rev 18:16 

  48. Judg 8:21 

  49. Judg 17:5, Judg 18:14, Judg 18:17; Exod 28:6-12; 1Sam 23:9-10; Isa 8:20 

  50. Judg 8:32, Judg 6:11, Judg 6:24; Deut 12:5 

  51. Exod 23:33; Ps 73:27, Ps 106:39; Hos 2:2, Hos 4:12-14 

  52. Judg 8:33; Deut 7:16 

  53. Ps 83:9-12; Isa 9:4, Isa 10:26 

  54. Judg 3:11, Judg 3:30, Judg 5:31 

  55. Judg 6:32; 1Sam 12:11 

  56. Neh 5:14-15 

  57. Judg 9:2, Judg 9:5, Judg 10:4, Judg 12:9, Judg 12:14; Gen 46:26; Exod 1:5; 2Kgs 10:1 

  58. Heb. going out of his thigh 

  59. Gen 2:24, Gen 7:7; Deut 17:17; 2Sam 3:2-5, 2Sam 5:13-16; 1Kgs 11:3; Mal 2:15; Matt 19:5-8; Eph 5:31-33 

  60. Judg 9:1-5; Gen 16:15, Gen 22:24 

  61. Heb. set 

  62. Judg 9:18; Gen 20:2 

  63. Gen 15:15, Gen 25:8; Josh 24:29-30; Job 5:26, Job 42:17 

  64. Judg 8:27, Judg 6:24 

  65. Judg 2:7-10, Judg 2:17, Judg 2:19; Josh 24:31; 2Kgs 12:2; 2Chr 24:17-18 

  66. Judg 8:27, Judg 2:17; Exod 34:15-16; Jer 3:9 

  67. Literally, "the lord of the covenant." Judg 9:4, Judg 9:46 

  68. Ps 78:11, Ps 78:42, Ps 106:18, Ps 106:21; Eccl 12:1; Jer 2:32 

  69. Judg 9:5, Judg 9:16-19; Eccl 9:14-15 

  70. Rather, Jerubbaal Gideon; as we say, Simon Peter; or call a person by his Christian and surname. Gideon was a mighty man of valour, a true patriot, evidently disinterested and void of ambition. He loved his country, and hazarded his life for it; but refused the kingdom, when offered to him and his heirs. The act of making the ephod was totally wrong; yet, probably it was done with no reprehensible design.