(KJV) Judges 191
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⥃The Crime of the Benjamites [ Genesis 19:1–11 ]
[1] And it came to pass in those days, when [there2 was] no king in Israel, that there was a certain Levite sojourning on the side of mount3 Ephraim, who took to him a concubine4 out of Beth–lehem–judah. [2] And his concubine played5 the whore against him, and went away from him unto her father’s house to Beth–lehem–judah, and was there four whole months6. [3] And her husband arose, and went7 after her, to speak8 friendly unto her9, [and] to bring10 her again, having his servant11 with him, and a couple of asses: and she brought him into her father’s house: and when the father of the damsel saw him, he rejoiced to meet him. [4] And his father in law, the damsel’s father, retained him; and he abode with him three days: so they did eat and drink, and lodged there.
[5] [¶]And it came to pass on the fourth day, when they arose early in the morning, that he rose up to depart: and the damsel’s father said unto his son in law, Comfort12 thine heart with a morsel13 of bread, and afterward go your way. [6] And they sat down, and did eat and drink both of them together: for the damsel’s father had said unto the man, Be content, I pray thee, and tarry all night, and let thine heart14 be merry. [7] And when the man rose up to depart, his father in law urged him: therefore he lodged there again. [8] And he arose early in the morning on the fifth day to depart: and the damsel’s father said, Comfort thine heart, I pray thee. And they tarried until afternoon, and they did eat both of them. [9] And when the man rose up to depart, he, and his concubine, and his servant, his father in law, the damsel’s father, said unto him, Behold, now the day15 draweth16 toward evening, I pray you tarry all night: behold, the day groweth to an end17, lodge here, that thine heart may be merry; and to morrow18 get you early on your way, that thou mayest go home19. [10] But the man would not tarry that night, but he rose up and departed, and came over against20 Jebus21, which [is] Jerusalem; and [there were] with him two asses saddled, his concubine also [was] with him. [11] [And] when they [were] by Jebus, the day was far spent; and the servant said unto his master, Come, I pray thee, and let us turn in into this city of the Jebusites22, and lodge in it. [12] And his master said unto him, We will not turn aside hither into the city of a stranger, that [is] not of the children of Israel; we will pass over to Gibeah23. [13] And he said unto his servant, Come, and let us draw near to one of these places to lodge all night, in Gibeah24, or in Ramah. [14] And they passed on and went their way; and the sun went down upon them [when they were] by Gibeah, which [belongeth] to Benjamin. [15] And they turned aside thither, to go in [and] to lodge in Gibeah: and when he went in, he sat him down in a street of the city: for [there was] no man25 that took them into his house to lodging.
[16] And, behold, there came an old man from his work26 out of the field at even, which [was] also of mount Ephraim; and he sojourned in Gibeah: but the men of the place [were] Benjamites. [17] And when he had lifted up his eyes, he saw a wayfaring man in the street of the city: and the old man said, Whither27 goest thou? and whence comest thou? [18] And he said unto him, We [are] passing from Beth–lehem–judah toward the side of mount Ephraim; from thence [am] I: and I went to Beth–lehem–judah, but I [am now28] going to the house29 of the Lord; and there [is] no man that receiveth30 me to house. [19] Yet there is both straw and provender31 for our asses; and there is bread and wine also for me, and for thy handmaid, and for the young man [which is] with thy servants: [there is] no want of any thing. [20] And the old man said, Peace [be32] with thee; howsoever [let] all thy wants33 [lie] upon me; only lodge not34 in the street. [21] So he brought35 him into his house, and gave provender unto the asses: and they washed36 their feet, and did eat and drink.
[22] [Now] as they were37 making their hearts merry, behold, the men38 of the city, certain sons of Belial39, beset the house round about, [and] beat at the door, and spake to the master of the house, the old man, saying, Bring forth40 the man that came into thine house, that we may know him. [23] And the man41, the master of the house, went out unto them, and said unto them, Nay, my brethren, [nay], I pray you, do not [so] wickedly; seeing that this man is come into mine house, do not this folly42. [24] Behold43, [here is] my daughter a maiden, and his concubine; them44 I will bring out now, and humble ye45 them, and do with them what seemeth good unto you: but unto this man do not so vile a thing46. [25] But the men would not hearken to him: so the man took his concubine, and brought her forth unto them; and they knew her47, and abused48 her all the night until the morning: and when the day began to spring, they let her go. [26] Then came the woman in the dawning of the day, and fell down at the door of the man’s house where her lord [was49], till it was light. [27] And her lord rose up in the morning, and opened the doors of the house, and went out to go his way: and, behold, the woman his concubine was fallen down [at] the door of the house, and her hands [were] upon the threshold. [28] And he said unto her, Up, and let us be going. But none50 answered. Then the man took her [up] upon an ass, and the man rose up, and gat him unto his place.
[29] [¶]And when he was come into his house, he took a knife, and laid hold on his concubine, and divided her51, [together] with her bones52, into twelve pieces, and sent her into all the coasts of Israel. [30] And it was so, that all that saw it said, There was no such deed done nor seen from the day that the children of Israel came up out of the land of Egypt unto this day: consider53 of it, take advice, and speak [your minds].
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Judg 19:1, A Levite goes to Beth–lehem to fetch home his concubine; Judg 19:16, An old man entertains him at Gibeah; Judg 19:22, The Gibeonites abuse his concubine to death; Judg 19:29, He divides her into twelve pieces, and sends them to the twelve tribes. ↩
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Heb. a woman or, a wife. Gen 22:24, Gen 25:6; 2Sam 3:7, 2Sam 5:13, 2Sam 16:22, 2Sam 19:5, 2Sam 20:3; 1Kgs 11:3; 2Chr 11:21; Esth 2:14; Song 6:8-9; Dan 5:3; Mal 2:15, Beth–lehemjudah, Judg 17:8; Gen 35:19; Matt 2:6 ↩
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or, a year and four months, Heb. days, four months ↩
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Gen 50:21; Lev 19:17, Lev 20:10; Hos 2:14; Matt 1:19; John 8:4-5, John 8:11; Gal 6:1 ↩
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Heb. Srengthen, Judg 19:8; Gen 18:5; 1Sam 14:27-29, 1Sam 30:12; 1Kgs 13:7; Ps 104:15; John 4:34; Acts 9:19 ↩
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Judg 19:9, Judg 19:21, Judg 9:27, Judg 16:25; Ruth 3:7; 1Sam 25:36; Esth 1:10; Ps 104:15; Luke 12:19; 1Thess 5:3; Rev 11:10, Rev 11:13, until afternoon, Heb. till the day declined, Merely that they might avoid the heat of the day, which would have been very inconvenient in travelling. ↩
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etc. Heb. is weak ↩
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Heb. it is the pitching time of the day, Jer 6:4. That is, it was near the time in which travellers ordinarily pitched their tents, to take up their lodging for the night. In the latter part of the afternoon, eastern travellers begin to look out for a place for this purpose. So Dr. Shaw observes, "Our constant practice was to rise at break of day, set forward with the sun, and travel to the middle of the afternoon; at which time we began to look out for encampments of Arabs; who, to prevent such parties as ours from living at free charges upon them, take care to pitch in woods, valleys, or places the least conspicuous." ↩
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Heb. to thy tent ↩
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Heb. to over against ↩
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Gibeah, a city of Benjamin, and the birth-place of Saul, was situated near Rama and Gibeon, according to Josephus, thirty furlongs north from Jerusalem; or, according to Jerome, about two leagues. Judg 19:12 ↩
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There was probably no inn, or house of public entertainment in this place; and therefore they could not have a lodging unless furnished by mere hospitality. But these Benjamites seem to have added to their other vices, avarice and inhospitality, like the inhabitants of Akoura in mount Lebanon, mentioned by Burckhardt. Judg 19:18; Gen 18:2-8, Gen 19:2-3; Matt 25:35, Matt 25:43; Heb 13:2 ↩
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Gen 3:19; Ps 104:23, Ps 128:2; Prov 13:11, Prov 14:23, Prov 24:27; Eccl 1:13, Eccl 5:12; Eph 4:28; 1Thess 4:11-12; 2Thess 3:10 ↩
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The LXX read, εις τον οικον μου εγω πορευομαι· "I am going to my own house;" which is probably the true reading, as we find (Judg 19:29) that he really went home; yet he might have gone previously to Shiloh, or to "the house of the Lord," because that was also in mount Ephraim. ↩
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In those countries principally devoted to pasturage, they made little or no hay, but as they raised corn, they took great care of their straw for cattle, which by their mode of threshing was chopped very small. See note on Gen 24:32. ↩
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Judg 6:23; Gen 43:23-24; 1Sam 25:6; 1Chr 12:18; Luke 10:5-6; John 14:27; 1Cor 1:3 ↩
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Here was genuine hospitality: "Keep your bread and wine for yourselves, and your straw and provender for your asses; you may need them before you finish your journey: I will supply all your wants for this night; only do not lodge in the street." Rom 12:13; Gal 6:6; Heb 13:2; Jas 2:15-16; 1Pet 4:9; 1John 3:18 ↩
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Gen 18:4; 1Sam 25:41; 2Sam 11:8; Luke 7:44; John 13:4-5, John 13:14-15; 1Tim 5:10 ↩
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Deut 13:13; 1Sam 1:16, 1Sam 2:12, 1Sam 10:27, 1Sam 25:25; 2Sam 23:6-7; 2Cor 6:15 ↩
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The rites of hospitality are regarded as sacred and inviolable in the East, and a man who has admitted a stranger under his roof, is bound to protect him even at the expense of his life. On these high notions only, the influence of which an Asiatic mind alone can appreciate, can the present transaction be either excused or palliated. ↩
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Gen 34:2 *marg. Deut 21:14 ↩
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Heb. the matter of this folly ↩
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It is probable, that with the pieces he sent to each tribe a circumstantial account of the barbarity of the men of Gibeah; and that they considered each of the pieces as expressing an execration. That a similar custom prevailed in ancient times is evident from 1Sam 11:7. It had an inhuman appearance, thus to mangle the corpse of this unhappy woman; but it was intended to excite a keener resentment against so horrible a crime, which called for a punishment proportionally severe. Judg 20:6-7; Rom 10:2 ↩
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Judg 20:7; Prov 11:14, Prov 13:10, Prov 15:22, Prov 20:18, Prov 24:6 ↩