(KJV) 1 Kings 211

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Naboth’s Vineyard

[1] And it came to pass after2 these things, [that] Naboth the Jezreel3ite had a vineyard, which [was] in Jezreel, hard by the palace of Ahab king of Samaria.4 [2] And Ahab spake unto Naboth, saying, Give me5 thy vineyard, that I may have it for a garden of herbs6, because it [is] near unto my house: and I will give thee for it a better vineyard than it; [or], if it seem good to thee7, I will give thee the worth of it in money. [3] And Naboth said to Ahab, The Lord8 forbid it me, that I should give9 the inheritance of my fathers unto thee. [4] And Ahab came into his house heavy10 and displeased because of the word which Naboth the Jezreelite had spoken to him: for he had said, I will not11 give thee the inheritance of my fathers. And he laid him12 down upon his bed, and turned away his face, and would eat no bread.

[5] But Jezebel13 his wife came to him, and said unto him, Why is thy spirit14 so sad, that thou eatest no bread? [6] And he said unto her, Because15 I spake unto Naboth the Jezreelite, and said unto him, Give me thy vineyard for money; or else, if it please thee, I will give thee [another] vineyard for it: and he answered, I will not give16 thee my vineyard. [7] And Jezebel his wife said unto him, Dost thou now17 govern the kingdom of Israel? arise, [and] eat bread, and let thine heart be merry: I will give thee18 the vineyard of Naboth the Jezreelite.

Jezebel’s Plot

[8] So she wrote19 letters in Ahab’s name, and sealed [them] with his seal, and sent the letters unto the elders20 and to the nobles21 that [were] in his city, dwelling with Naboth. [9] And she wrote in the letters, saying, Proclaim a fast22, and set Naboth on high among23 the people: [10] And set two men24, sons of Belial25, before him, to bear witness against him, saying, Thou didst blaspheme26 God and the king. And [then] carry him out, and stone him, that he may die. [11] And the men of his city, [even] the elders and the nobles who were the inhabitants in his city, did as Jezebel27 had sent unto them, [and] as it [was] written in the letters which she had sent unto them. [12] They proclaimed a fast, and set Naboth on high among the people.28 [13] And there came in two men, children of Belial, and sat before him: and the men of Belial29 witnessed against him, [even] against Naboth, in the presence of the people, saying, Naboth did blaspheme God30 and the king31. Then they carried him32 forth out of the city, and stoned him with stones, that he died. [14] Then they sent to Jezebel, saying, Naboth is stoned33, and is dead.

[15] [¶]And it came to pass, when Jezebel heard that Naboth was stoned, and was dead, that Jezebel said to Ahab, Arise34, take possession of the vineyard of Naboth the Jezreelite, which he refused to give thee for money: for Naboth is not alive, but dead. [16] And it came to pass, when Ahab heard that Naboth was dead, that Ahab rose up35 to go down to the vineyard of Naboth the Jezreelite, to take possession of it.

Elijah Denounces Ahab and Jezebel

[17] And the word of the Lord came to Elijah the Tishbite, saying,36 [18] Arise, go down to meet Ahab king of Israel, which [is] in Samaria37: behold, [he is] in the vineyard of Naboth, whither he is gone down to possess it. [19] And thou shalt speak unto him, saying, Thus saith the Lord, Hast thou killed38, and also taken possession? And thou shalt speak unto him, saying, Thus saith the Lord, In the place39 where dogs licked the blood of Naboth shall dogs lick thy blood, even thine. [20] And Ahab said to Elijah, Hast thou found me40, O mine enemy? And he answered, I have found [thee]: because thou hast sold41 thyself to work42 evil in the sight of the Lord. [21] Behold43, I will bring evil upon thee, and will take away thy posterity, and will cut off from Ahab him that pisseth44 against the wall, and him that is shut up45 and left in Israel, [22] And will make thine46 house like the house of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, and like the house of Baasha the son of Ahijah, for the provocation wherewith thou hast provoked [me] to anger, and made Israel to sin47. [23] And of Jezebel48 also spake the Lord, saying, The dogs49 shall eat Jezebel by the wall50 of Jezreel. [24] Him that dieth51 of Ahab in the city the dogs shall eat; and him that dieth in the field shall the fowls of the air eat.

Ahab’s Repentance

[25] [¶]But there52 was none like unto Ahab, which did sell himself53 to work wickedness in the sight of the Lord, whom Jezebel54 his wife stirred up55. [26] And he did very abominably56 in following idols, according to57 all [things] as did the Amorites, whom the Lord cast out before the children of Israel. [27] And it came to pass, when Ahab heard those words, that he rent58 his clothes, and put sackcloth upon his flesh, and fasted, and lay in sackcloth59, and went softly60. [28] And the word of the Lord came to Elijah the Tishbite, saying, [29] Seest thou61 how Ahab62 humbleth himself before me? because he humbleth himself before me, I will not63 bring the evil in64 his days: [but] in his son’s days65 will I bring the evil upon his house.

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  1. 1Kgs 21:1, Ahab being denied Naboth’s vineyard, is grieved; 1Kgs 21:5, Jezebel writing letters against Naboth, he is condemned of blasphemy; 1Kgs 21:15, Ahab take possession of the vineyard; 1Kgs 21:17, Elijah denounces judgments against Ahab and Jezebel; 1Kgs 21:25, Wicked Ahab repenting, God defers the judgment. 

  2. 1Kgs 20:35-43; 2Chr 28:22; Ezra 9:13-14; Isa 9:13; Jer 5:3 

  3. 1Kgs 18:45; Josh 19:18; Judg 6:33; 1Sam 29:1; Hos 1:4-5 

  4. am 3105, bc 899 

  5. The request of Ahab, at first view, appears fair and honourable. But, as he most evidentially wished Naboth to alienate it finally, which was expressly forbidden and provided against in the law of God (Lev 25:14-28), it was high iniquity in Ahab to tempt him to do it, and to covet it shewed the depravity of his soul. Gen 3:6; Exod 20:17; Deut 5:21; 1Sam 8:14; Jer 22:17; Hab 2:9-11; Luke 12:15; 1Tim 6:9; Jas 1:14-15 

  6. 2Kgs 9:27; Deut 11:10; Eccl 2:5; Song 4:15 

  7. Heb. be good in thine eyes, Gen 16:6; 1Sam 8:6, 1Sam 29:6 

  8. Gen 44:7, Gen 44:17; Josh 22:29, Josh 24:16; 1Sam 12:23, 1Sam 24:6, 1Sam 26:9-11; 1Chr 11:19; Job 27:5; Rom 3:4, Rom 3:6, Rom 3:31, Rom 6:2, Rom 6:15, Rom 7:7, Rom 7:13; 1Cor 6:15; Gal 6:14 

  9. Lev 25:23; Num 36:7; Ezek 46:18 

  10. 1Kgs 20:43; Job 5:2; Isa 57:20-21; Jonah 4:1, Jonah 4:9; Hab 2:9-12 

  11. 1Kgs 21:3; Num 22:13-14 

  12. Gen 4:5-8; 2Sam 13:2, 2Sam 13:4; Eccl 6:9, Eccl 7:8-9; Eph 4:27; Jas 1:14 

  13. 1Kgs 21:25, 1Kgs 16:31, 1Kgs 18:4, 1Kgs 19:2; Gen 3:6 

  14. 2Sam 13:4; Neh 2:2; Esth 4:5 

  15. 1Kgs 21:2; Esth 5:9-14, Esth 6:12; Prov 14:30; 1Tim 6:9-10; Jas 4:2-7 

  16. 1Kgs 21:3-4 

  17. 1Sam 8:4; 2Sam 13:4; Prov 30:31; Eccl 4:1, Eccl 8:4; Dan 5:19-21 

  18. 1Kgs 21:15-16; Mic 2:1-2, Mic 7:3 

  19. 2Sam 11:14-15; 2Chr 32:17; Ezra 4:7-8, Ezra 4:11; Neh 6:5; Esth 3:12-15, Esth 8:8-13 

  20. Num 11:16; Deut 16:18-19, Deut 21:1-9 

  21. 1Kgs 21:1; 2Kgs 10:1-7, 2Kgs 10:11 

  22. Gen 34:13-17; Isa 58:4; Matt 2:8, Matt 23:14; Luke 20:47; John 18:28 

  23. Heb. in the top of 

  24. Deut 19:15; Matt 26:59-60; Acts 6:11 

  25. Deut 13:13; Judg 19:22 

  26. Some, with Parkhurst, would render the original, bairachta elohim wamailech, "Thou hast blessed the gods and Molech;" a sense, however, which seems extremely forced, and is not acknowledged by any of the ancient versions, though the LXX and Vulgate render bairachta by ευλογησε, benedixit, "blessed." It is no unusual thing for a word to have opposite senses. Exod 22:28; Lev 24:15; Matt 26:59-66; John 10:33; Acts 6:13 

  27. Exod 1:17, Exod 1:21, Exod 23:1-2; Lev 19:15; 1Sam 22:17, 1Sam 23:20; 2Kgs 10:6-7; 2Chr 24:21; Prov 29:12, Prov 29:26; Dan 3:18-25; Hos 5:11; Mic 6:16; Matt 2:12, Matt 2:16; Acts 4:19, Acts 5:29 

  28. 1Kgs 21:8-10; Isa 58:4 

  29. Exod 20:16; Deut 5:20, Deut 19:16-21; Ps 27:12, Ps 35:11; Prov 6:19, Prov 19:5, Prov 19:9, Prov 25:18; Mal 3:5; Mark 14:56-59 

  30. Job 1:5, Job 1:11, Job 2:9; Matt 9:3; Acts 6:11 

  31. Eccl 10:20; Isa 8:21; Amos 7:10; Luke 23:2; John 19:12; Acts 24:5 

  32. Lev 24:11-16; Num 15:35-36; Deut 13:10, Deut 21:21, Deut 22:21, Deut 22:24; Josh 7:24-25; 2Kgs 9:26; Eccl 4:1; Acts 7:57-59 

  33. 2Sam 11:14-24; Eccl 5:8, Eccl 8:14 

  34. 1Kgs 21:7; Prov 1:10-16, Prov 4:17 

  35. 2Sam 1:13-16, 2Sam 4:9-12, 2Sam 11:25-27, 2Sam 23:15-17; Ps 50:18; Isa 33:15; Obad 1:12-14; Rom 1:32; 2Pet 2:15 

  36. 2Kgs 1:15-16, 2Kgs 5:26; Ps 9:12; Isa 26:21 

  37. 1Kgs 13:32; 2Chr 22:9 

  38. Gen 3:11, Gen 4:9-10; 2Sam 12:9; Mic 3:1-4; Hab 2:9, Hab 2:12 

  39. This punishment, on Ahab's humiliation and repentance, was transferred from him to his son Jehoram (1Kgs 21:29), in whom it was literally accomplished. See the parallel texts. 1Kgs 22:38; Judg 1:7; 2Sam 12:11; 2Kgs 9:25-26; Esth 7:10; Ps 7:15-16; Ps 9:16, Ps 58:10-11; Matt 7:2 

  40. 1Kgs 18:17, 1Kgs 22:8; 2Chr 18:7, 2Chr 18:17; Amos 5:10; Mark 12:12; Gal 4:16; Rev 11:10; Amos 5:10; Mark 12:12; Gal 4:16; Rev 11:10 

  41. 1Kgs 21:25; 2Kgs 17:17; Isa 50:1, Isa 52:3; Rom 7:14 

  42. 1Kgs 16:30; 2Kgs 21:2; 2Chr 33:6; Eph 4:19 

  43. 1Kgs 14:10; Exod 20:5-6; 2Kgs 9:7-9, 2Kgs 10:1-7, 2Kgs 10:11-14, 2Kgs 10:17, 2Kgs 10:30 

  44. 1Sam 25:22, 1Sam 25:34 

  45. 1Kgs 14:10; Deut 32:36; 2Kgs 9:8-9, 2Kgs 14:26 

  46. 1Kgs 15:29, 1Kgs 16:3, 1Kgs 16:11 

  47. 1Kgs 14:16, 1Kgs 15:30, 1Kgs 15:34, 1Kgs 16:26 

  48. 1Kgs 21:25; 2Kgs 9:10, 2Kgs 9:30-37 

  49. Shocking as this must appear to minds that have been humanized by the kindly influence of Christianity, we still find similar instances in the accounts of modern travellers. Mr. Bruce says, that when at Gondar, "the bodies of those killed by the sword were hewn to pieces and scattered about the streets, being denied burial. I was miserable, and almost driven to despair, at seeing my hunting dogs, twice let loose by the carelessness of my servants, bringing into the court-yard the heads and arms of slaughtered men, and which I could no way prevent, but by the destruction of the dogs themselves." 

  50. or, ditch. 

  51. 1Kgs 14:11, 1Kgs 16:4; Isa 14:19; Jer 15:3; Ezek 32:4-5, Ezek 39:18-20; Rev 19:18 

  52. 1Kgs 21:20, 1Kgs 16:30-33; 2Kgs 23:25 

  53. 1Kgs 21:20; 2Kgs 17:17; Isa 50:1, Isa 52:3; Rom 6:19, Rom 7:14 

  54. 1Kgs 21:7, 1Kgs 11:1-4, 1Kgs 16:31, 1Kgs 18:4, 1Kgs 19:2; Prov 22:14; Eccl 7:26; Mark 6:17-27; Acts 6:12, Acts 14:2 

  55. or, incited 

  56. 2Chr 15:8; Isa 65:4; Jer 16:18, Jer 44:4; Ezek 18:12; 1Pet 4:3; Rev 21:8 

  57. Gen 15:16; Lev 18:25-30, Lev 20:22-23; Deut 12:31; 2Kgs 16:3, 2Kgs 21:2, 2Kgs 21:11; 2Chr 33:2, 2Chr 33:9, 2Chr 36:14; Ezra 9:11-14; Ps 106:35-39; Ezek 16:47 

  58. Gen 37:34; 2Kgs 6:30, 2Kgs 18:37; Jonah 3:6 

  59. 2Sam 12:17; Job 16:15; Isa 22:12, Isa 58:5-8; Joel 1:13 

  60. Isa 38:15 

  61. Jer 7:17; Luke 7:44 

  62. Exod 10:3; Ps 18:44, Ps 66:3, Ps 78:34-37 

  63. Ps 86:15; Ezek 33:10-11; Mic 7:18; Rom 2:4; 2Pet 3:9 

  64. 1Kgs 21:21-23 

  65. 2Kgs 9:25-26, 2Kgs 9:33-37, 2Kgs 10:1-7, 2Kgs 10:11