(KJV) 1 Kings 41

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⥃Solomon’s Princes

[1] So king Solomon was king over all Israel2. [2] And these [were] the princes3 which he had; Azariah4 the son of Zadok the priest5, [3] Elihoreph and Ahiah, the sons of Shisha6, scribes7; Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud, the recorder8. [4] And Benaiah9 the son of Jehoiada [was] over the host: and Zadok10 and Abiathar [were] the priests: [5] And Azariah the son of Nathan11 [was] over the officers12: and Zabud the son of Nathan [was] principal13 officer, [and] the king’s14 friend: [6] And Ahishar [was] over the household: and Adoniram15 the son of Abda [was] over the tribute16.

⥃Solomon’s Twelve Officers

[7] [¶]And Solomon had twelve officers17 over all Israel, which provided victuals for the king and his household: each man18 his month in a year made provision. [8] And these [are] their names: The son of Hur19, in mount Ephraim: [9] The son of Dekar20, in Makaz, and in Shaalbim21, and Beth–shemesh22, and Elon–beth–hanan: [10] The son of Hesed23, in Aruboth; to him [pertained] Sochoh24, and all the land of Hepher25: [11] The son of Abinadab26, in all the region of Dor27; which had Taphath the daughter of Solomon to wife: [12] Baana the son of Ahilud; [to him pertained] Taanach28 and Megiddo29, and all Beth–shean30, which [is] by Zartanah31 beneath Jezreel32, from Beth–shean to Abel–meholah33, [even] unto [the place that is] beyond Jokneam: [13] The son of Geber34, in Ramoth–gilead35; to him [pertained] the towns36 of Jair the son of Manasseh, which [are] in Gilead; to him [also pertained] the region of Argob37, which [is] in Bashan, threescore great cities38 with walls and brasen bars: [14] Ahinadab the son of Iddo [had] Mahanaim39: [15] Ahimaaz [was] in Naphtali40; he also took Basmath the daughter41 of Solomon to wife: [16] Baanah the son of Hushai [was] in Asher42 and in Aloth: [17] Jehoshaphat the son of Paruah, in Issachar43: [18] Shimei44 the son of Elah, in Benjamin45: [19] Geber the son of Uri [was] in the country of Gilead, [in] the country of Sihon46 king of the Amorites, and of Og king of Bashan; and [he was] the only officer which [was] in the land.

⥃Solomon’s Prosperity

[20] Judah and Israel [were] many, as the sand47 which [is] by the sea in multitude, eating48 and drinking, and making merry. [21] And Solomon49 reigned over all kingdoms from the river unto the land of the Philistines, and unto the border of Egypt: they brought50 presents, and served Solomon all the days of his life.

[22] [¶]And Solomon’s provision51 for one day was thirty measures52 of fine flour, and threescore measures of meal, [23] Ten fat53 oxen, and twenty oxen out of the pastures, and an hundred sheep, beside harts54, and roebucks55, and fallowdeer56, and fatted fowl. [24] For he had dominion over all [the region] on this side the river, from Tiphsah even to Azzah57, over all the kings58 on this side the river: and he had peace59 on all sides round about him. [25] And Judah and Israel dwelt safely60, every man61 under his vine and under his fig tree, from Dan62 even to Beer–sheba, all the days of Solomon.

[26] [¶]And Solomon had forty thousand63 stalls of horses for his chariots, and twelve thousand horsemen. [27] And those officers64 provided victual for king Solomon, and for all that came unto king Solomon’s table, every man in his month: they lacked nothing. [28] Barley also and straw for the horses and dromedaries65 brought they unto the place where [the officers] were, every man according to his charge.

⥃Solomon’s Wisdom

[29] And God66 gave Solomon wisdom and understanding exceeding much, and largeness67 of heart, even as the sand68 that [is] on the sea shore. [30] And Solomon’s wisdom excelled the wisdom of all the children69 of the east country, and all the wisdom of Egypt70. [31] For he was wiser71 than all men; than Ethan72 the Ezrahite, and Heman73, and Chalcol, and Darda, the sons of Mahol: and his fame74 was in all nations round about. [32] And he spake75 three thousand proverbs: and his songs76 were a thousand and five. [33] And he spake of trees, from the cedar tree77 that [is] in Lebanon even unto the hyssop78 that springeth out of the wall: he spake also of beasts79, and of fowl, and of creeping things, and of fishes. [34] And there came of all people to hear the wisdom of Solomon, from all kings of the earth, which had heard of his wisdom. 80

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  1. 1Kgs 4:1, Solomon’s princes; 1Kgs 4:7, His twelve officers for provision; 1Kgs 4:20, The peace and largeness of his kingdom; 1Kgs 4:22, His daily provision; 1Kgs 4:26, His stables; 1Kgs 4:29, His wisdom. ↩

  2. 1Kgs 11:13, 1Kgs 11:35-36, 1Kgs 12:19-20; 2Sam 5:5; 1Chr 12:38; 2Chr 9:30; Eccl 1:12 ↩

  3. That is, great, chief, or principal men; for none of them were princes, in the common acceptation of the word. Exod 18:21; 2Sam 8:15-18, 2Sam 20:23-26; 1Cor 12:28 ↩

  4. 1Chr 6:8-10, 1Chr 27:17 ↩

  5. or, chief officer ↩

  6. 2Sam 20:25, Sheva, 1Chr 18:6, Shavsha ↩

  7. or, secretaries ↩

  8. or, remembrancer. 2Sam 8:16, 2Sam 20:24; 1Chr 18:15; Isa 62:6 *marg. ↩

  9. 1Kgs 2:35 ↩

  10. 1Kgs 2:26-27, 1Kgs 2:35 ↩

  11. 1Kgs 1:10-53; 2Sam 7:2, 2Sam 12:1-15, 2Sam 12:25 ↩

  12. 1Kgs 4:7 ↩

  13. 2Sam 8:18, 2Sam 20:26 ↩

  14. 2Sam 15:37, 2Sam 16:16, 2Sam 19:37-38; 1Chr 27:33; Prov 22:11; John 13:23; John 15:14-15; Jas 2:23 ↩

  15. 1Kgs 12:18; 2Sam 20:24, Adoram ↩

  16. or, levy, 1Kgs 5:13-14, 1Kgs 9:15 ↩

  17. These are doubtless to be considered as general receivers; for, as Sir John Chardin observes, "the revenues of the princes of the East are paid in the fruits and productions of the earth. There are no other taxes on the peasants." ↩

  18. 1Chr 27:1-15 ↩

  19. or, Ben–hur, Judg 17:1, Judg 19:1 ↩

  20. or, Ben–dekar ↩

  21. Josh 19:42, Shaalabbin ↩

  22. 1Sam 6:12, 1Sam 6:20 ↩

  23. or, Ben–hesed ↩

  24. Josh 15:35 ↩

  25. Josh 12:17, Josh 17:2 ↩

  26. or, Ben–abinadab ↩

  27. Josh 12:23, Josh 17:11; Judg 1:27 ↩

  28. Josh 17:11; Judg 5:19 ↩

  29. 2Kgs 23:29-30 ↩

  30. 1Sam 31:10, 1Sam 31:12 ↩

  31. 1Kgs 7:46, Zarthan, Josh 3:16, Zaretan ↩

  32. 1Kgs 18:46 ↩

  33. 1Kgs 19:16 ↩

  34. or, Ben–geber ↩

  35. 1Kgs 22:3; Deut 4:43; Josh 20:8, Josh 21:38; 2Kgs 9:1, 2Kgs 9:14 ↩

  36. Num 32:41; Deut 3:14 ↩

  37. Deut 3:4, Deut 3:8, Deut 3:13-14; Ps 22:12, Ps 68:15 ↩

  38. These were the fortified cities; their gates and bars being covered with plates of brass. ↩

  39. or, to Mahanaim, Gen 32:2; 2Sam 2:8, 2Sam 17:24, 2Sam 17:27 ↩

  40. Josh 19:32-39 ↩

  41. 1Kgs 4:11; 1Sam 18:18 ↩

  42. Josh 19:24-31 ↩

  43. Josh 19:17-23 ↩

  44. 1Kgs 1:8; Zech 12:13 ↩

  45. Josh 18:20-28 ↩

  46. Num 21:21-35; Deut 2:26-37, Deut 3:1-17; Josh 13:9-12 ↩

  47. 1Kgs 3:8; Gen 13:16, Gen 15:5, Gen 22:17; Prov 14:28 ↩

  48. 1Sam 30:16; 1Chr 12:39; Job 1:18; Ps 72:3-7; Eccl 2:24; Isa 22:13; Mic 4:4; Zech 3:10, Zech 9:15; Acts 2:46 ↩

  49. 1Kgs 4:24; Gen 15:18; Exod 23:31; Deut 11:24; Josh 1:4; 2Chr 9:26-31; Ezra 4:20; Ps 72:8-11 ↩

  50. 1Sam 10:27; 2Kgs 17:3; 2Chr 17:5, 2Chr 32:23; Ps 68:29, Ps 72:10-11, Ps 76:11 ↩

  51. Heb. bread ↩

  52. Heb. cors, 1Kgs 4:22 ↩

  53. Neh 5:17-18 ↩

  54. Dr. Shaw understands ayil as the name of the genus, including all the species of the deer kind, whether they are distinguished by round horns, as the stag, or by flat ones, as the fallow deer, or by the smallness of the branches, as the roe. ↩

  55. See note on Deut 15:22. ↩

  56. Yachmur, rendered bubalus by the Vulgate, probably the buffalo; and though "the flesh of a buffalo does not seem so well tasted as beef, being harder and more coarse," yet in our times, "persons of distinction, as well as the common people, and even the European merchants, eat a good deal of it, in the countries where that animal abounds." Niebuhr, Descrip. de l'Arab p. 146. ↩

  57. Gen 10:19; Judg 16:1, Gaza ↩

  58. 1Kgs 4:21; Ps 72:8, Ps 72:11 ↩

  59. 1Kgs 5:4; 1Chr 22:9; Ps 72:3, Ps 72:7; Isa 9:7; Luke 2:14; Heb 7:1-2 ↩

  60. Heb. confidently, Isa 60:18; Jer 23:5-6, Jer 33:15-16; Ezek 38:11 *marg. ↩

  61. 2Kgs 18:31; Mic 4:4; Zech 3:10 ↩

  62. Judg 20:1; 2Sam 17:11, 2Sam 24:15 ↩

  63. 1Kgs 10:25-26; Deut 17:16; 2Sam 8:4; 2Chr 1:14, 2Chr 9:25; Ps 20:7 ↩

  64. 1Kgs 4:7-19 ↩

  65. or, mules, or swift beasts, Esth 8:10, Esth 8:14; Mic 1:13 ↩

  66. 1Kgs 3:12, 1Kgs 3:28, 1Kgs 10:23-24; 2Chr 1:10-12; Ps 119:34; Prov 2:6; Eccl 1:16, Eccl 2:26; Jas 1:5, Jas 1:17, Jas 3:17 ↩

  67. Isa 60:5 ↩

  68. 1Kgs 4:20; Gen 41:49; Judg 7:12; Jer 33:22; Hab 1:9 ↩

  69. Gen 25:6; Job 1:3; Dan 1:20, Dan 4:7, Dan 5:11-12; Matt 2:1, Matt 2:16 ↩

  70. Isa 19:11-12; Acts 7:22 ↩

  71. 1Kgs 3:12; Matt 12:42; Luke 11:31; Col 2:3 ↩

  72. 1Chr 15:19; Ps 89:1 *title ↩

  73. 1Chr 2:6, 1Chr 6:33, 1Chr 15:17; Ps 88:1 *title ↩

  74. 1Kgs 5:7, 1Kgs 10:1, 1Kgs 10:6; 2Chr 9:23; Matt 4:24 ↩

  75. Prov. 1:1-31:30; Eccl 12:9; Matt 13:35 ↩

  76. Song 1:1-17 ↩

  77. The word airez, whence the Chaldee and Syriac arzo, and the Arabic and Ethiopic arz, and Spanish alerze, unquestionably denotes the cedar; it is thus rendered by the LXX and other versions, κεδρος, and by the Vulgate cedrus; and the inhabitants of mount Lebanon still call it ars. The cedar is a large and nobel evergreen tree, and grows on the most elevated part of the mountain, is taller than the pine, and so thick that five men together could scarcely fathom one. It shoots out its branches at ten or twelve feet from the ground; they are large and distant from each other, and are perpetually green. The wood is of a brown colour, very solid and incorruptible, if preserved from wet. The tree bears a small cone, like that of the pine. Num 24:6; 2Kgs 19:23; Ps 92:12 ↩

  78. Exod 12:22; Num 19:18; Ps 51:7; Heb 9:19 ↩

  79. Gen 1:20-25 ↩

  80. 1Kgs 10:1; 2Chr 9:1, 2Chr 9:23; Isa 2:2; Zech 8:23 ↩