(KJV) 2 Samuel 201

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Sheba’s Rebellion

[1] And there2 happened to be there a man3 of Belial, whose name [was] Sheba, the son of Bichri, a Benjamite: and he blew4 a trumpet, and said, We have5 no part in David, neither have we inheritance in the son of Jesse: every man to his tents, O Israel. [2] So every man6 of Israel went up from after David, [and] followed Sheba the son of Bichri: but the men7 of Judah clave unto their king, from Jordan8 even to Jerusalem.

[3] [¶]And David came to his house at Jerusalem; and the king took the ten women9 [his] concubines, whom he had left to keep the house, and put10 them in ward11, and fed them, but went not in unto them. So they were shut12 up unto the day of their death, living in widowhood13.

[4] Then said the king to Amasa14, Assemble15 me the men of Judah within three days, and be thou here present. [5] So Amasa16 went to assemble [the men of] Judah: but he tarried17 longer than the set time which he had appointed him. [6] And David said to Abishai18, Now shall Sheba the son of Bichri do us19 more harm than [did] Absalom: take thou thy lord’s20 servants, and pursue after him, lest he get him fenced cities, and escape us21. [7] And there went out after him Joab’s men, and the Cherethites, and the Pelethites, and all the mighty men: and they went out of Jerusalem, to pursue after Sheba the son of Bichri.22 [8] When they [were] at the great stone which [is] in Gibeon23, Amasa24 went before them. And Joab’s garment that he had put on was girded unto him, and upon it a girdle [with] a sword fastened upon his loins in the sheath thereof; and as he went forth it fell out. [9] And Joab said to Amasa, [Art] thou25 in health, my brother? And Joab took Amasa26 by the beard with the right hand to kiss him27. [10] But Amasa took no heed to the sword that [was] in Joab’s28 hand: so he smote29 him therewith in the fifth [rib], and shed30 out his bowels to the ground, and struck him not again31; and he died. So Joab and Abishai his brother pursued after Sheba the son of Bichri. [11] And one of Joab’s men stood by him, and said, He that32 favoureth Joab, and he that [is] for David33, [let him go] after Joab. [12] And Amasa wallowed in blood in the midst of the highway. And when the man saw that all the people stood still, he removed Amasa out of the highway into the field, and cast a cloth upon him, when he saw that every one that came by him stood still.34 [13] When he was removed out of the highway35, all the people went on after Joab, to pursue after Sheba the son of Bichri.

[14] And he went through all the tribes of Israel unto Abel36, and to Beth–maachah, and all the Berites37: and they were gathered together, and went also after him. [15] And they came and besieged him in Abel of Beth–maachah, and they cast up38 a bank39 against the city, and it stood in the trench40: and all the people that [were] with Joab battered41 the wall, to throw it down.

[16] [¶]Then cried a wise woman out of the city, Hear, hear; say, I pray you, unto Joab, Come near hither, that I may speak with thee.42 [17] And when he was come near unto her, the woman said, [Art] thou Joab? And he answered, I [am he]. Then she said unto him, Hear the words43 of thine handmaid. And he answered, I do hear. [18] Then she spake, saying, They were wont44 to speak in old time, saying, They shall surely ask [counsel] at Abel: and so they ended [the matter]. [19] I [am one of them that are] peaceable45 [and] faithful in Israel: thou seekest to destroy a city and a mother46 in Israel: why wilt thou swallow47 up the inheritance48 of the Lord? [20] And Joab answered and said, Far be it49, far be it from me, that I should50 swallow up or destroy. [21] The matter [is] not so: but a man51 of mount Ephraim, Sheba the son of Bichri by name52, hath lifted53 up his hand against the king, [even] against David: deliver him only, and I will depart from the city. And the woman said unto Joab, Behold, his head54 shall be thrown to thee over the wall. [22] Then the woman went unto all the people in her wisdom55. And they cut off the head of Sheba the son of Bichri, and cast [it] out to Joab. And he blew56 a trumpet, and they retired57 from the city, every man to his tent. And Joab58 returned to Jerusalem unto the king.

[23] Now Joab59 [was] over all the host of Israel: and Benaiah60 the son of Jehoiada [was] over the Cherethites and over the Pelethites: [24] And Adoram61 [was] over the tribute: and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud [was] recorder62: [25] And Sheva63 [was] scribe: and Zadok and Abiathar [were] the priests: [26] And Ira64 also the Jairite65 was a chief ruler66 about David.

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  1. 2Sam 20:1, By occasion of the quarrel, Sheba makes a party in Israel; 2Sam 20:3, David’s ten concubines are put in confinement for life; 2Sam 20:4, Amasa, made captain over Judah, is slain by Joab; 2Sam 20:14, Joab pursues Sheba unto Abel; 2Sam 20:16, A wise woman saves the city by Sheba’s head; 2Sam 20:23, David’s officers. 

  2. 2Sam 19:41-43; Ps 34:19 

  3. 2Sam 23:6; Deut 13:13; Judg 19:22; 1Sam 2:12, 1Sam 30:22; Ps 17:13; Prov 26:21; Hab 1:12-13 

  4. 2Sam 15:10; Judg 3:27; Prov 24:21-22, Prov 25:8 

  5. 2Sam 19:43; 1Kgs 12:16; 2Chr 10:6; Luke 19:14, Luke 19:27 

  6. 2Sam 19:41; Ps 62:9, Ps 118:8-10; Prov 17:14 

  7. John 6:66-68; Acts 11:23 

  8. 2Sam 19:15, 2Sam 19:40-41; 2Chr 10:17 

  9. 2Sam 15:16, 2Sam 16:21-22 

  10. The confinement and retired maintenance of these women was the only measure which in justice and prudence could be adopted. In China, when an emperor dies, all his women are removed to an edifice called the palace of chastity, situated within the palace, in which they are shut up for the remainder of their lives. 

  11. Heb. an house of ward, Gen 40:3 

  12. Heb. bound 

  13. Heb. in widowhood of life 

  14. 2Sam 17:25, 2Sam 19:13; 1Chr 2:17 

  15. Heb. Call 

  16. 2Sam 19:13 

  17. 1Sam 13:8 

  18. 2Sam 2:18, 2Sam 3:30, 2Sam 3:39, 2Sam 10:9-10, 2Sam 10:14, 2Sam 18:2, 2Sam 18:12, 2Sam 21:17, 2Sam 23:18; 1Sam 26:6; 1Chr 11:20, 1Chr 18:12 

  19. 2Sam 19:7 

  20. 2Sam 11:11; 1Kgs 1:33 

  21. Heb. deliver himself from our eyes 

  22. 2Sam 20:23, 2Sam 8:16, 2Sam 8:18, 2Sam 15:18, 2Sam 23:22-23; 1Kgs 1:38, 1Kgs 1:44 

  23. 2Sam 2:13, 2Sam 3:30 

  24. 2Sam 20:4-5 

  25. Ps 55:21; Prov 26:24-26; Mic 7:2 

  26. Thevenot says, that among the Turks it is a great affront to take one by the beard, unless it be to kiss him, in which case they often do it. D'Arvieux, describing an assembly of Arab emirs at an entertainment, says, "After the usual civilities, caresses, kissings of the beard, and of the hand, which every one gave and received according to his rank and dignity, they sat down upon mats." The doing this by the Arab emirs corresponds with the conduct of Joab, and illustrates this horrid assassination. 

  27. Matt 26:48-49; Luke 22:47-48 

  28. 2Sam 20:9; Judg 3:21; 1Chr 12:2 

  29. 2Sam 2:23, 2Sam 3:27; Gen 4:8; 1Kgs 2:5-6, 1Kgs 2:31-34 

  30. Acts 1:18-19 

  31. Heb. doubled not his stroke, 1Sam 26:8 

  32. 2Sam 20:6-7, 2Sam 20:13, 2Sam 20:21 

  33. 2Sam 20:4; 2Kgs 9:32 

  34. 2Sam 17:25; Ps 9:16, Ps 55:23; Prov 24:21-22 

  35. 2Sam 20:12-13; Num 20:19; Judg 21:19; 1Sam 6:12; 2Kgs 18:17; Prov 16:17; Isa 7:3; Isa 36:2, Isa 62:10; Jer 31:21; Mark 10:46 

  36. Or rather, probably, Abel of Beth-Maachah, as in the next verse. It appears, from Joab having marched "through all the tribes of Israel," to have been situated in the northern confines of the land of Israel, and in the half tribe of Manasseh, east of Jordan, as that was the situation of Maachah, to which it belonged. This agrees with the situation of the Abila which Eusebius and Jerome place between Paneas, or Cesarea Philippi, and Damascus. Josephus says it was a fortified city, and a metropolis of the Israelites; and also that it belonged to the ten tribes, having been taken from the king of Damascus. 1Kgs 15:20; 2Kgs 15:29; 2Chr 16:4 

  37. Josh 18:25, Beeroth 

  38. 2Kgs 19:32; Jer 32:24, Jer 33:4; Luke 19:43 

  39. So LXX generally render solelah, by προσχωμα or χωμα; which latter is described by Potter as "a mount, which was raised so high as to equal, if not exceed, the top of the besieged walls. The sides were walled in with bricks or stones, or secured with strong rafters; the fore part only, being by degrees to be moved near the walls, remained bare." 

  40. or, it stood against the outmost wall 

  41. etc. Heb. marred to throw down 

  42. 2Sam 14:2; 1Sam 25:3, 1Sam 25:32-33; Eccl 9:14-18 

  43. 2Sam 14:12; 1Sam 25:24 

  44. etc. or, They plainly spake in the beginning, saying, Surely they will ask of Abel, and so make an end. Deut 20:10-11 

  45. Gen 18:23; Rom 13:3-4; 1Tim 2:2 

  46. Judg 5:7; Ezek 16:45-49 

  47. 2Sam 17:16; Num 16:32, Num 26:10; Ps 124:3; Jer 51:34, Jer 51:44; Lam 2:2, Lam 2:5, Lam 2:16; 1Cor 15:54; 2Cor 5:4 

  48. 2Sam 21:3; Exod 19:5-6; Deut 32:9; 1Sam 26:19 

  49. 2Sam 23:17; Job 21:16, Job 22:18 

  50. 2Sam 20:10; Prov 28:13; Jer 17:9; Luke 10:29 

  51. 2Sam 20:1; Judg 2:9, Judg 7:24; 2Kgs 5:22; Jer 4:15, Jer 50:19 

  52. Heb. by his name 

  53. 2Sam 23:18; 1Sam 24:6, 1Sam 26:9 

  54. 2Sam 17:2-3; 2Kgs 10:7; Judg 18:4-8 

  55. Eccl 7:19, Eccl 9:14-18 

  56. 2Sam 20:1, 2Sam 2:28, 2Sam 18:16 

  57. Heb. were scattered 

  58. 2Sam 3:28-39, 2Sam 11:6-21; Eccl 8:11 

  59. 2Sam 8:16-18; 1Chr 18:15-17 

  60. 2Sam 20:7 

  61. 1Kgs 4:6, 1Kgs 12:18 

  62. or, remembrancer, 1Kgs 4:3 

  63. 2Sam 8:17; 1Kgs 4:4; 1Chr 18:16, Shavsha 

  64. 2Sam 23:38; 1Chr 11:40, Ithrite 

  65. Judg 10:4-5 

  66. or, prince, 2Sam 8:18; Gen 41:43, Gen 41:45; Exod 2:14, Exod 2:16; The Hebrew is cohen ledawid, which might be rendered, a priest of David; and so the Septuagint, Vulgate, Syriac, and Arabic. The Chaldee has rav, a chief or prince. Probably he was a kind of domestic chaplain or seer to the king. 2Sam 24:11; 2Chr 35:15