(KJV) Exodus 21

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The Birth and Adoption of Moses[ Acts 7:20–22 Hebrews 11:23 ]

[1] And there went a man of the house2 of Levi, and took [to wife] a daughter of Levi.3 [2] And the woman conceived, and bare a son: and when she saw4 him that he [was a] goodly [child], she hid him three months.5 [3] And when she could not6 longer hide him, she took for him an ark7 of bulrushes8, and daubed it with slime9 and with pitch, and put the child therein; and she laid [it] in the flags by the river’s brink. [4] And his sister stood afar off, to wit what would be done to him.10

[5] And the daughter11 of Pharaoh came down to wash [herself12] at the river; and her maidens walked along by the river’s side; and when she13 saw the ark among the flags, she sent her maid to fetch it. [6] And when she had opened [it], she saw the child: and, behold, the babe wept. And she had compassion14 on him, and said, This [is one] of the Hebrews’ children. [7] Then said his sister to Pharaoh’s daughter, Shall I go and call to thee a nurse of the Hebrew women, that she may nurse the child for thee?15 [8] And Pharaoh’s daughter said to her, Go16. And the maid went and called the child’s mother17. [9] And Pharaoh’s daughter said unto her, Take18 this child away, and nurse it for me, and I will give [thee] thy wages. And the woman took the child, and nursed it. [10] And the child grew, and she brought him unto Pharaoh’s daughter, and he19 became her son. And she called his name Moses20: and she said, Because21 I drew him out of the water.

The Rejection and Flight of Moses[ Acts 7:23–29 ]

[11] And it came to pass in those days, when Moses22 was grown, that he went out unto his brethren, and looked on their burdens23: and he spied an Egyptian smiting an Hebrew, one of his brethren.24 [12] And he looked25 this way and that way, and when he saw that [there was] no man, he slew26 the Egyptian, and hid him in the sand. [13] And when he went out the second day, behold, two men of the Hebrews strove together: and he said27 to him that did the wrong, Wherefore smitest thou thy fellow? [14] And he said, Who28 made thee a prince2930 and a judge over us? intendest thou to kill me, as thou killedst the Egyptian? And Moses31 feared, and said, Surely this thing is known. [15] Now when Pharaoh heard this thing, he sought to slay Moses. But Moses fled32 from the face of Pharaoh, and dwelt in the land of Midian33: and he sat down34 by a well. [16] Now the priest35 of Midian had seven daughters: and they came36 and drew [water], and filled the troughs to water their father’s flock. [17] And the shepherds37 came and drove them away: but Moses stood up and helped them, and watered38 their flock. [18] And when they came to Reuel their father, he said, How [is it that] ye are come so soon to day?39 [19] And they said, An Egyptian40 delivered us out of the hand of the shepherds, and also41 drew [water] enough for us, and watered the flock. [20] And he said unto his daughters, And where [is] he? why [is] it [that] ye have left the man? call him42, that he may eat bread. [21] And Moses was content43 to dwell with the man: and he gave Moses Zipporah44 his daughter. [22] And she bare [him] a son, and he called his name Gershom45: for he said46, I have been a stranger in a strange land.

God Hears the Cry of the Israelites

[23] And it came to pass in process47 of time, that the king48 of Egypt died: and the children of Israel sighed49 by reason of the bondage, and they cried, and their cry50 came up unto God by reason of the bondage.51 [24] And God heard52 their groaning, and God remembered53 his covenant with Abraham, with Isaac, and with Jacob. [25] And God looked54 upon the children of Israel, and God55 had respect56 unto [them].

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  1. Exod 2:1, Moses is born, and in an ark cast into the flags; Exod 2:5, He is found, and brought up by Pharaoh’s daughter; Exod 2:7, who employs his mother to nurse him; Exod 2:11, He slays an Egyptian; Exod 2:13, He reproves an Hebrew; Exod 2:15, He flees into Midian, and marries Zipporah; Exod 2:22, Gershom is born; Exod 2:23, God respects the Israelites’ cry. 

  2. Exod 6:16-20; Num 26:59; 1Chr 6:1-3, 1Chr 23:12-14 

  3. am 2432, bc 1572 

  4. Ps 112:5; Acts 7:20; Heb 11:23 

  5. am 2433, bc 1571 

  6. Exod 1:22; Matt 2:13, Matt 2:16; Acts 7:19 

  7. Isa 18:2 

  8. Gome, is the papyrus, so famous in all antiquity. It grows on the banks of the Nile, and in marshy grounds; the stalk rises to the height of six or seven cubits above the water, is triangular, and terminates in a crown of small filaments, resembling hair. This reed was of the greatest use to the Egyptians; the pith serving them for food, and the woody part to build vessels with; which vessels frequently appear on various monuments of Egyptian antiquity. That boats were made of this reed is also attested by Pliny and others. 

  9. Gen 6:14, Gen 11:3, Gen 14:10 

  10. Exod 15:20; Num 12:1-15, Num 20:1, Num 26:59; Mic 6:4 

  11. Acts 7:21 

  12. As the word herself is not in the original, Dr. A. Clarke is of opinion that it was for the purpose of washing, not her person, but her clothes, that Pharaoh's daughter came to the river; which was an employment not beneath even king's daughters in those primitive times. 

  13. 1Kgs 17:6; Ps 9:9, Ps 12:5, Ps 46:1, Ps 76:10; Prov 21:1; Jonah 1:17, Jonah 2:10 

  14. 1Kgs 8:50; Neh 1:11; Ps 106:46; Prov 21:1; Acts 7:21; 1Pet 3:8 

  15. Exod 2:4, Exod 15:20; Num 12:1, Num 26:59 

  16. Ps 27:10; Isa 46:3-4; Ezek 16:8 

  17. Exod 6:20 

  18. Judg 13:8 

  19. Gen 48:5; Acts 7:21-22; Gal 4:5; Heb 11:24; 1John 3:1 

  20. Drawn out 

  21. Gen 4:25, Gen 16:11; 1Sam 1:20; Matt 1:21 

  22. Acts 7:22-24; Heb 11:24-26 

  23. Exod 1:11, Exod 3:7, Exod 5:9, Exod 5:14; Isa 58:6; Matt 11:28; Luke 4:18 

  24. am 2473, bc 1531 

  25. Acts 7:24-26 

  26. If the Egyptian killed the Hebrew, Moses only acted agreeably to the divine law (Gen 9:6) in thus slaying the Egyptian; nor did he violate the law of Egypt; for, according to Diodorus Siculus (1. 1. § 17), "he who saw a man killed, or violently assaulted on the highway, and did not rescue him, if he could, was punished with death." Moses, therefore, in this transaction, acted as a brave and good man; especially as at this time there was little probability of obtaining justice on an Egyptian murderer. 

  27. Acts 7:26; 1Cor 6:7-8 

  28. Gen 19:9, Gen 37:8-11, Gen 37:19-20; Num 16:3, Num 16:13; Ps 2:2-6; Matt 21:23; Luke 12:14; Luke 19:14, Luke 19:27; Acts 7:26-28, Acts 7:35 

  29. Heb. a man 

  30. Gen 13:8 

  31. Prov 19:12, Prov 29:25 

  32. Exod 4:19; Gen 28:6-7; 1Kgs 19:1-3, 1Kgs 19:13-14; Prov 22:3; Jer 26:21-23; Matt 10:23; Acts 7:29; Heb 11:27 

  33. Gen 25:2, Gen 25:4 

  34. Gen 24:11, Gen 29:2; John 4:6 

  35. or, prince, Exod 3:1; Gen 14:18, Gen 41:45 *marg. 

  36. Gen 24:11, Gen 24:14-20, Gen 29:6-10; 1Sam 9:11 

  37. Gen 21:25, Gen 26:15-22 

  38. Exod 2:12; Gen 29:10 

  39. Exod 3:1, Exod 4:18, Exod 18:1-12, Jethro, or, Jether, Num 19:20, Raguel 

  40. Gen 50:11 

  41. Gen 29:10 

  42. Gen 24:31-33, Gen 18:5, Gen 19:2-3, Gen 29:13, Gen 31:54, Gen 43:25; Job 31:32, Job 42:11; 1Tim 5:10; Heb 13:2 

  43. Exod 2:10; Gen 31:38-40; Phil 4:11-12; 1Tim 6:6; Heb 11:25, Heb 13:5; Jas 1:10 

  44. Exod 4:20-25, Exod 18:2-6; Num 12:1 

  45. i.e. a stranger here, 1Chr 23:14-17 

  46. Exod 2:10, Exod 18:3, Exod 22:21; 1Chr 16:20, 1Chr 29:15; Ps 39:12, Ps 119:19; Acts 7:29; Heb 11:13-14 

  47. Exod 7:7; Acts 7:30 

  48. Exod 4:19; Matt 2:19-20; Acts 12:23-24 

  49. Gen 16:11; Num 20:16; Deut 26:6-7; Ps 12:5 

  50. Exod 3:7-9, Exod 22:22-27; Gen 4:10, Gen 18:20-21; Deut 24:15; Judg 10:11-12; Neh 9:9; Ps 18:6, Ps 81:6-7, Ps 107:19-20; Isa 5:7, Isa 19:20; Jas 5:4 

  51. am cir, 2504, bc cir, 1500 

  52. Exod 6:5; Judg 2:18; Neh 9:27-28; Ps 22:5, Ps 22:24, Ps 79:11, Ps 102:20, Ps 138:3 

  53. Gen 15:14-18, Gen 17:7, Gen 18:18, Gen 26:3, Gen 26:24, Gen 28:12-14, Gen 32:28, Gen 46:2-4; Neh 9:8-9; Ps 105:6-13, Ps 105:42, Ps 106:45; Luke 1:72-73 

  54. Exod 4:31; 1Sam 1:11; 2Sam 16:12; Job 33:27; Luke 1:25 

  55. For elohim, God, Houbigant reads aleyhem, unto them; which is countenanced by the LXX, Vulgate, Chaldee, Coptic, and Arabic, and appears to have been the original reading. 

  56. Heb. knew, Exod 1:8, Exod 3:7-8; Ps 1:6, Ps 55:22; Matt 7:23