Lexical Definition

‎מָשַׁח‎ mâshach (maw-shakh') to anoint ^H:V
a primitive root

anoint, paint.

• to rub with oil, i.e. to anoint
• by implication, to consecrate
• also to paint

1) to smear, anoint, spread a liquid
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to smear
1a2) to anoint (as consecration)
1a3) to anoint, consecrate
1b) (Niphal) to be anointed

See Greek: ἀλείφω · ἑτοιμάζω · καθίστημι · χρίω

Brown-Driver-Briggs

Aramaic form: מְשַׁח
‎מָשַׁח‎ verb smear, anoint (Late Hebrew id.; originally probably as Arabic wipe orstroke with the hand (compare RS^{Semitic i. 215; 2nd ed., 283}), anoint, Aramaic ‎מְשַׁח‎ anoint; on ‎משת‎, id. (?) in Aramaic inscription see CIS^{ii.1. No.145, C, 1}; Palmyrene ‎משחא‎ oil Vog^No.16; Ethiopic anoint, feast, dine Di^{Lex 176}; (Assyrian mašâ—u is measure; Aramaic ‎מְשַׁח‎ id.; Arabic measurement, compare Dl^{Prol. 178} Frä²⁸²)); —

Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular ‎׳‎‎מ‎ Num 3:25 + 2 t.; suffix ‎מְשָֽׁחֲךָ‎ Ps 45:8*; 1Sam 10:1 ‎מְשָׁחוֺ‎ 2Chr 22:7 2 masculine singular ‎מָשַׁחְתָּ‎ Gen 31:13 + 12 t., + 9 t. Perfect; Imperfect 3 masculine singular ‎יִמְשַׁח‎ Lev 16:32 + 6 t.; 3 masculine plural ‎יִמְשָׁ֑חוּ‎ Amos 6:6, + 13 t. Imperfect; Imperative suffix ‎מְשָׁחֵהוּ‎ 1Sam 16:12 plural ‎מִשְׁחוּ‎ Isa 21:5 Infinitive absolute ‎מָשׁוֺחַ‎ Jer 22:14 construct ‎מְשֹׁחַ‎ Judg 9:8; Dan 9:24 + Hos 8:3 ᵐ5 We GASm Now; ‎מָשְׁחָה‎ Exod 29:29 suffix ‎מְ˜שׁחֳךָ‎1Sam 15:1 (Baer); ‎מָשְׁחוֺ‎ Lev 7:36 ‎מָשְׁחָתָם‎ Exod 40:15 Participle plural ‎משְׁחִים‎ Judg 9:15 passive ‎מָשׁוּחַ‎ 2Sam 3:39 (We suggests derivation from ‎שׁח‎, defective ‎משׁח‎ (‎מֻשַׁח‎), wrongly read as ‎מָשֻׁחַ‎; or by transposition ‎משׁוח‎ may have been mistaken for an unexampled ‎מוּשַׁח‎ Hoph`al Participle of ‎שׁוח‎); ‎מָשִׁיחַ‎ 2Sam 1:21 (but read ‎מָשֻׁח‎ (or ‎נמשׁח‎) Manuscripts We Dr Kit Bu HPS); plural ‎מְשֻׁחִים‎ Exod 29:2 + 4 t; —

1. smear, house with colour (paint) Jer 22:14 shield with oil (anoint) Isa 21:5; 2Sam 1:21 (compare Dr; Gr ‎כְּלִי מָשׁוּחַ‎ weapon anointed; Peters^{JBL 893, 56} ‎כְּלֵי מָשׁוּחַ‎ weapons of one (the king) anointed); the person, with ointments Amos 6:6 unleavened cakes, with oil Exod 29:2; Lev 2:4; Num 6:15 (P).

2. anoint, as consecration, solemn setting apart to an office, always by the use of oil poured on the head: ‎לנביא‎ as a prophet 1Kgs 19:16 (Elisha by Elijah) Isa 61:1 elsewhere of king, with accusative, ‎מֶלֶךְ‎ Judg 9:8 (E), so Hos 8:3 reading ‎מִמְּשֹׁחַ מֶלֶךְ‎ (for ᵑ0 ‎׳‎‎מִמַּשָּׂא מ‎) We GASm Now; also Hos 7:3 reading ‎יִמְשְׁחוּ‎ (for ᵑ0 ‎יְשַׂמְּחוּ‎) We Now; elsewhere accusative of person 1Sam 16:3; 1Sam 16:12; 1Sam 16:13; 1Kgs 1:39; 2Kgs 11:12; 2Kgs 23:30; 2Chr 22:7; 2Chr 23:11 ‎בְּשֶׁמֶן קָדְשִׁי‎ Ps 89:21* with my holy oil; ‎שׁמן שָׂשׂוֺן‎ Ps 45:8* (figurative); with ‎על‎, 2Sam 19:11* whom we have anointed over us; ‎לְמֶלֶךְ‎ 1Kgs 1:45; 1Kgs 5:15* with ‎עַל‎, ‎לְמֶלֶךְ‎ Judg 9:15; 2Sam 2:4; 2Sam 2:7; 1Kgs 19:15 ‎על ישׂראל‎ over Israel 1Sam 15:1; 1Sam 15:17; 2Sam 5:3 = 1Chr 11:3; 2Sam 5:17; 2Sam 12:7; 1Kgs 1:34; 1Kgs 19:16 ‎אֶליֿשׂראל‎ 2Kgs 9:3; 2Kgs 9:6; 2Kgs 9:12 (Ehpraimitic source); ‎לנגיד‎ 1Chr 29:22 ‎על‎ 1Sam 9:16; 1Sam 10:1 ‎מָשׁוּחַ מֶלֶךְ‎ 2Sam 3:39 (? see above)

3. anoint, consecrate to religious service:
a. Aaronic priests, only P, with accusative of person Exod 28:41; Exod 29:7; Exod 30:30; Exod 40:13; Exod 40:15 (3 t. in verse); Lev 7:36; Lev 8:12; Lev 16:32 absolute Exod 29:29 ‎הכהנים הַמְּשֻׁחִים‎ Num 3:3.
b. sacred things: ‎מַצֵּבָה‎ Gen 31:13 (E); tabernacle and its sacred vessels Exod 29:36; Exod 30:26; Exod 40:9; Exod 40:10; Exod 40:11; Lev 8:10; Lev 8:11 (all P); ‎קדשׁ קדשׁים‎ Dan 9:24. Niph`al Perfect 3 masculine singular ‎נִמְשַׁח‎ 1Chr 14:8 Infinitive ‎הִמָּשַׁח‎ Lev 6:13* + 3 t; — be anointed, ‎למלך על כל ישׂראל‎ 1Chr 14:8 Aaron and his sons Lev 6:13* (P); altar Num 7:10; Num 7:84; Num 7:88.

Brown-Driver-Briggs References