(KJV) 2 Chronicles 181

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Jehoshaphat Allies with Ahab[ 1 Kings 22:1–12 ]

[1] Now Jehoshaphat had riches2 and honour in abundance, and joined affinity3 with Ahab.4 [2] And after [certain] years5 he went6 down to Ahab7 to Samaria. And Ahab killed sheep and oxen for him in abundance, and for the people that [he had] with him, and persuaded8 him to go up [with him] to Ramoth–gilead9. [3] And Ahab king of Israel said unto Jehoshaphat king of Judah, Wilt thou go with me to Ramoth–gilead? And he answered him, I [am] as thou10 [art], and my people as thy people; and [we will be] with thee in the war.

[4] And Jehoshaphat said unto the king of Israel, Enquire11, I pray thee, at the word of the Lord to day. [5] Therefore the king of Israel gathered together of prophets12 four hundred men, and said unto them, Shall we go13 to Ramoth–gilead to battle, or shall I forbear? And they said, Go up14; for God will deliver [it] into the king’s hand. [6] But Jehoshaphat said, [Is there] not15 here a prophet of the Lord besides16, that we might enquire of him? [7] And the king of Israel said unto Jehoshaphat, [There is] yet one man17, by whom we may enquire of the Lord: but I hate him18; for he never prophesied good19 unto me20, but always evil: the same [is] Micaiah the son of Imla. And Jehoshaphat said, Let not the21 king say so. [8] And the king of Israel called for one [of his] officers22, and said, Fetch quickly23 Micaiah the son of Imla. [9] And the king of Israel and Jehoshaphat king of Judah sat either24 of them on his throne, clothed25 in [their] robes, and they sat in a void place26 at the entering in of the gate of Samaria; and all the prophets27 prophesied before them. [10] And Zedekiah the son of Chenaanah had made him horns of iron28, and said, Thus29 saith the Lord, With these thou shalt push Syria until they be consumed30. [11] And all the prophets31 prophesied so, saying, Go up to Ramoth–gilead, and prosper: for the Lord shall deliver [it] into the hand of the king.

Micaiah Prophesies against Ahab[ 1 Kings 22:13–28 ]

[12] And the messenger that went to call Micaiah spake to him, saying, Behold32, the words of the prophets [declare] good to the king with one assent33; let thy word therefore, I pray thee, be like one of theirs, and speak thou good. [13] And Micaiah said, [As] the Lord liveth, even what my God34 saith, that will I speak. [14] And when he was come to the king, the king said unto him, Micaiah, shall we go to Ramoth–gilead to battle, or shall I forbear? And he said, Go ye up35, and prosper, and they shall be delivered into your hand. [15] And the king said to him, How many times shall I adjure36 thee that thou say nothing but the truth to me in the name of the Lord? [16] Then he said37, I did see all Israel scattered upon the mountains, as sheep38 that have no shepherd: and the Lord said, These have no master39; let them return [therefore] every man to his house in peace. [17] And the king of Israel said to Jehoshaphat, Did I not tell40 thee [that] he would not prophesy good unto me, but evil41? [18] Again he said, Therefore hear the word42 of the Lord; I saw43 the Lord sitting upon his throne, and all the host44 of heaven standing on his right hand and [on] his left. [19] And the Lord said, Who shall entice45 Ahab king of Israel, that he may go up46 and fall at Ramoth–gilead? And one spake saying after this manner, and another saying after that manner. [20] Then there came47 out a spirit, and stood before the Lord, and said, I will entice him. And the Lord said unto him, Wherewith? [21] And he said, I will go out, and be a lying spirit48 in the mouth of all his prophets. And [the Lord] said, Thou shalt49 entice [him], and thou shalt also prevail: go out, and do [even] so.50 [22] Now therefore, behold, the Lord hath51 put a lying spirit in the mouth of these thy prophets, and the Lord52 hath spoken evil against thee. [23] Then Zedekiah53 the son of Chenaanah came near, and smote Micaiah upon the cheek, and said, Which way54 went the Spirit of the Lord from me to speak unto thee? [24] And Micaiah said, Behold55, thou shalt see on that day when thou shalt go into an inner chamber56 to hide thyself. [25] Then the king of Israel said, Take ye Micaiah, and carry him back57 to Amon the governor of the city, and to Joash the king’s son; [26] And say, Thus saith the king, Put58 this [fellow59] in the prison, and feed him with bread of affliction60 and with water of affliction, until I return61 in peace. [27] And Micaiah said, If62 thou certainly return in peace, [then] hath not the Lord spoken by me. And he said, Hearken63, all ye people.

Ahab’s Defeat and Death[ 1 Kings 22:29–40 ]

[28] So the king64 of Israel and Jehoshaphat the king of Judah went up to Ramoth–gilead. [29] And the king of Israel said unto Jehoshaphat, I will disguise65 myself, and will go to the battle; but put thou on thy robes66. So the king67 of Israel disguised himself; and they went to the battle. [30] Now the king of Syria had commanded the captains of the chariots that [were] with him, saying, Fight ye68 not with small or great69, save only with the king of Israel. [31] And it came to pass, when the captains of the chariots saw Jehoshaphat70, that they said, It [is] the king of Israel. Therefore they compassed about him to fight: but Jehoshaphat cried out, and the Lord71 helped him; and God moved them72 [to depart] from him. [32] For it came to pass, that, when the captains of the chariots perceived that it was not the king of Israel, they turned back again from pursuing him73. [33] And a [certain] man74 drew a bow at a venture75, and smote the king of Israel between the76 joints of the harness: therefore he said to his chariot man, Turn thine hand, that thou mayest carry me out of the host; for I am wounded77. [34] And the battle increased that day: howbeit the king of Israel stayed [himself] up in [his] chariot against the Syrians until the even: and about the time of the sun going down he died78.

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  1. 2Chr 18:1, Jehoshaphat, joined in affinity with Ahab, is persuaded to go with him against Ramoth–gilead; 2Chr 18:4, Ahab, seduced by false prophets, according to the word of Micaiah, is slain there. 

  2. 2Chr 1:11-15, 2Chr 17:5, 2Chr 17:12; Matt 6:33 

  3. He took Athaliah, the daughter of Ahab, to be wife to his son Joram (2Kgs 8:18); which fatal connection was highly displeasing to God, and Jehoshaphat was severely reproved for it by Jehu the seer, 2Chr 19:1-3. 2Chr 18:31, 2Chr 19:2, 2Chr 21:6, 2Chr 22:2-3; 1Kgs 16:31-33, 1Kgs 21:25; 2Kgs 8:18, 2Kgs 8:26-27, 2Kgs 11:1; 2Cor 6:14 

  4. am 3107, bc 897 

  5. Heb. at the end of years, 1Kgs 17:7; Neh 13:6 *marg. 

  6. 2Chr 19:2; 1Kgs 22:2-28 

  7. 1Kgs 1:9; Isa 22:12-13; Luke 17:27-29 

  8. 1Kgs 22:4, 1Kgs 22:20-22 

  9. Deut 4:43; Josh 20:8; 1Kgs 4:13; 2Kgs 9:1 

  10. 1Kgs 22:4; 2Kgs 3:7; Ps 139:21; Eph 5:11; 2John 1:10-11 

  11. 2Chr 34:26; 1Sam 23:2, 1Sam 23:2, 1Sam 23:4, 1Sam 23:9-12; 2Sam 2:1, 2Sam 5:19, 2Sam 5:23; 1Kgs 22:5-6; Ps 27:4; Jer 21:2; Ezek 20:3 

  12. 1Kgs 18:19; 2Kgs 3:13; 2Tim 4:3 

  13. Jer 38:14-28, Jer 42:2-3, Jer 42:20 

  14. 2Chr 18:14, 2Chr 18:20-21; Jer 8:10-11, Jer 23:14, Jer 23:17, Jer 28:1-17; Ezek 13:3-16, Ezek 13:22; Mic 2:11; Mic 3:11; Rev 19:20 

  15. 1Kgs 22:7-9; 2Kgs 3:11-13 

  16. Heb. yet, or more 

  17. 1Kgs 18:4, 1Kgs 19:10 

  18. 1Kgs 18:17, 1Kgs 20:42-43, 1Kgs 21:20; Ps 34:21, Ps 55:3, Ps 69:14; Prov 9:8, Prov 29:10; Jer 18:18; Amos 5:10; Mark 6:18-19, Mark 6:27; Luke 6:22; John 7:7, John 15:18-19, John 15:24; Gal 4:16 

  19. Isa 30:10; Jer 38:4 

  20. 2Chr 18:13; 2Kgs 9:22; Ezek 3:17-19; Acts 20:26-27 

  21. Prov 25:12; Mic 2:7 

  22. or, eunuchs, 1Sam 8:15; 1Chr 28:1 *marg. Isa 39:7; Dan 1:3, Dan 1:7-8 

  23. Heb. hasten, 2Chr 18:25-26; 1Kgs 22:9 

  24. 1Kgs 22:10-12; Isa 14:9; Ezek 26:16; Dan 7:9; Matt 19:28 

  25. 2Chr 18:29; Matt 6:29, Matt 11:8 

  26. or, floor, Threshingfloors, among the ancient Jews, as we have before remarked, were only, as they are to this day in the East, round level plats of ground in the open air. Hence a floor might well be near the gate of Samaria, which was built on a hill, and afford no improper place for the kings of Judah and Israel to give audience to the prophets. 

  27. Jer 27:14-16 

  28. Mr. Bruce, in describing the head-dress of the governors of Abyssinia, says, "A large broad fillet was bound upon their forehead, and tied behind their head. In the middle of this was a horn, or conical piece of silver, gilt, about four inches long, much in the shape of our common candle extinguishers. This is called kirn, keren, and is only worn in reviews, or parades after victory." Such, it may be supposed, were the horns of iron which Zedekiah (who appears to have acted the hero returning from a military triumph) made for himself, when he presumed, in the name of Jehovah, to flatter his prince with the promise of victory: "Thus saith the Lord, With these thou shalt push Syria, until they be consumed." Jer 27:2, Jer 28:10-14; Zech 1:18-21; 2Tim 3:8 

  29. Jer 23:17, Jer 23:21, Jer 23:25, Jer 23:31, Jer 28:2-3, Jer 29:21; Ezek 13:7, Ezek 22:28 

  30. Heb. thou consume them 

  31. 2Chr 18:5, 2Chr 18:12, 2Chr 18:33-34; Prov 24:24-25; Mic 3:5; 2Pet 2:1-3; Jude 1:16; Rev 16:13-14; Rev 19:20 

  32. Job 22:13; Ps 10:11; Isa 30:10; Hos 7:3; Amos 7:13; Mic 2:6, Mic 2:11; 1Cor 2:14-16 

  33. Heb. mouth, Josh 9:2 *marg. 

  34. Num 22:18-20, Num 22:35, Num 23:12, Num 23:26, Num 24:13; 1Kgs 22:14; Jer 23:28, Jer 42:4; Ezek 2:7; Mic 2:6-7; Acts 20:27; 1Cor 11:23; 2Cor 2:17; Gal 1:10; 1Thess 2:4 

  35. 1Kgs 18:27, 1Kgs 22:15; Eccl 11:1; Lam 4:21; Amos 4:4-5; Matt 26:45 

  36. 1Sam 14:24; 1Kgs 22:16; Matt 26:63; Mark 5:7; Acts 19:13 

  37. Matt 26:64 

  38. 2Chr 18:33-34; 1Kgs 22:17, 1Kgs 22:34-36; Jer 23:1-2; Ezek 34:5-6, Ezek 34:8; Zech 10:2, Zech 13:7; Matt 9:36; Mark 6:34 

  39. 2Sam 2:7, 2Sam 5:2; 2Kgs 10:3 

  40. 2Chr 18:7; 1Kgs 22:18; Prov 29:1; Jer 43:2-3 

  41. or, but for evil 

  42. Isa 1:10, Isa 28:14, Isa 39:5; Jer 2:4, Jer 19:3, Jer 34:4; Amos 7:16 

  43. 1Kgs 22:19-23; Isa 6:1-5; Dan 7:9; Acts 7:55-56 

  44. Gen 32:2; Ps 103:20-21; Zech 1:10 

  45. 1Kgs 22:20; Job 12:16; Isa 6:9-10, Isa 54:16; Ezek 14:9; 2Thess 2:11-12; Jas 1:13-14 

  46. 2Chr 25:8, 2Chr 25:19; Prov 11:5 

  47. Job 1:6, Job 2:1; 2Cor 11:3, 2Cor 11:13-15 

  48. 2Chr 18:22; Gen 3:4-5 

  49. 2Chr 18:19; Judg 9:23; Job 1:12, Job 2:6; Ps 109:17 

  50. 1Kgs 22:21-22; John 8:44; 1John 4:6; Rev 12:9, Rev 13:14, Rev 20:8 

  51. Exod 4:21; Job 12:16; Isa 19:14; Ezek 14:3-5, Ezek 14:9; Matt 24:24-25; 2Cor 11:11-13; 2Thess 2:9-11; 1Tim 4:1-2 

  52. 2Chr 18:7, 2Chr 18:17, 2Chr 25:18; Isa 3:11; Jer 18:11; Mic 2:3; Matt 26:24-25; Mark 14:20-21 

  53. 2Chr 18:10; 1Kgs 22:23-25; Isa 50:5-6; Jer 20:2; Lam 3:30; Mic 5:1; Matt 26:67; Mark 14:65; John 18:22-23; Acts 23:2-3 

  54. Jer 29:26-27; Matt 26:67-68; John 9:40-41 

  55. Isa 26:11; Jer 28:16-17, Jer 29:21-22, Jer 29:32 

  56. or, from chamber to chamber, Heb. into a chamber in a chamber. "In one of the halls of the seraglio at Constantinople," says Deut. Lam. Motraye, "the eunuch made us pass by several little chambers, with doors shut, like the cells of monks or nuns, as far as I could judge by one that another eunuch opened." This exactly corresponds with the idea of a "chamber within a chamber;" and it would appear that Micaiah predicted that Zedekiah should fly for shelter to a Harem, which we have seen was deemed inviolate. (See note on 1Sam 19:16.) 1Kgs 20:30; Isa 26:20 

  57. 2Chr 18:8; Jer 37:15-21, Jer 38:6-7; Acts 24:25-27 

  58. 2Chr 18:15, 2Chr 16:10; 1Kgs 22:26-28; Jer 20:2-3; Matt 5:12; Luke 3:19-20; Acts 5:18; 2Cor 11:23; Rev 11:10 

  59. 1Sam 25:21; Matt 12:24; Luke 23:2; Acts 22:22 

  60. Ps 80:5, Ps 102:9; Isa 30:20 

  61. Deut 29:19; Ps 10:5; Prov 14:16; 1Thess 5:2-3 

  62. Num 16:29; Amos 9:10; Acts 13:10-11 

  63. Matt 13:9, Matt 15:10; Mark 7:14; Luke 20:45-46 

  64. 1Kgs 22:29-33 

  65. 1Sam 28:8; 1Kgs 14:2-6, 1Kgs 20:38; Job 24:15; Jer 23:24 

  66. Ps 12:2; Prov 26:25 

  67. 2Chr 35:22-23 

  68. 1Kgs 20:33-34, 1Kgs 20:42 

  69. 2Chr 15:13; Gen 19:11; Deut 1:17 

  70. 2Chr 13:14, 2Chr 14:11; Exod 14:10; Ps 116:1-2; 2Cor 1:9-10 

  71. 2Chr 26:7; Ps 34:7, Ps 46:1, Ps 46:11, Ps 94:17, Ps 118:13 

  72. Ezra 1:1, Ezra 7:27; Neh 1:11; Prov 16:7, Prov 21:1 

  73. Heb. from after him, 1Kgs 22:33 

  74. 1Kgs 22:34 

  75. Heb. in his simplicity, 2Sam 15:11 

  76. etc. Heb. between the joints and between the breast plate, The shiryon, in Syriac, sheryono, seems to have covered both the back and breast of the warrior, and was consequently not properly a breast-plate, but a coat of mail or corslet. The corslet was made of flax or of wool woven very thick, of ox-hide, of brass, or of iron. The metallic corslet consisted not of solid piece, but of scales, hooks, or rings, connected like the links of a chain, that the warrior might move with greater ease. It was between the joints of this harness that Ahab received his mortal wound. 1Kgs 22:34-35 

  77. Heb. made sick, 2Chr 35:23 

  78. 2Chr 18:16, 2Chr 18:19, 2Chr 18:27; Num 32:23; Prov 13:21, Prov 28:17