(KJV) 1 Samuel 281
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⥃The Philistines Gather against Israel
[1] And it came to pass in those days, that the2 Philistines3 gathered their armies together for warfare, to fight with Israel. And Achish said unto David, Know thou assuredly, that thou shalt go4 out with me to battle, thou and thy men. [2] And David said to Achish, Surely5 thou shalt know what thy servant can do. And Achish said to David, Therefore will I make thee keeper of mine head for ever.
[3] [¶]Now Samuel6 was dead, and all Israel had lamented him, and buried him in Ramah, even in his own city. And Saul had put away7 those that had familiar spirits, and the wizards, out of the land. [4] And the Philistines gathered themselves together, and came and pitched in Shunem8: and Saul gathered all Israel together, and they pitched in Gilboa9. [5] And when Saul saw the host of the Philistines, he was afraid10, and his heart greatly trembled. [6] And when Saul enquired11 of the Lord, the Lord answered him not, neither by dreams12, nor by Urim13, nor by prophets14.
⥃Saul and the Medium of Endor
[7] Then said Saul unto his servants, Seek me15 a woman that hath a familiar spirit16, that I may17 go to her, and enquire of her. And his servants said to him, Behold, [there is] a woman that hath a familiar spirit at En–dor18. [8] And Saul disguised19 himself, and put on other raiment, and he went, and two men with him, and they came to the woman by night: and he said, I pray thee20, divine unto me by the familiar spirit, and bring me21 [him] up, whom I shall name unto thee. [9] And the woman said unto him, Behold, thou knowest what Saul hath done, how he hath22 cut off those that have familiar spirits, and the wizards, out of the land: wherefore23 then layest thou a snare for my life, to cause me to die? [10] And Saul sware24 to her by the Lord, saying, [As] the Lord liveth, there shall no punishment happen to thee for this thing. [11] Then said the woman, Whom shall I bring up unto thee? And he said, Bring me up Samuel. [12] And when the woman saw Samuel, she cried with a loud voice: and the woman spake to Saul, saying, Why hast thou deceived me? for thou [art] Saul25. [13] And the king said unto her, Be not afraid: for what sawest thou? And the woman said unto Saul, I saw gods ascending26 out of the earth. [14] And he said unto her, What form [is] he of27? And she said, An old man cometh up; and he [is] covered with a mantle28. And Saul perceived that it [was] Samuel, and he stooped with [his] face to the ground, and bowed himself.
[15] And Samuel said to Saul, Why hast29 thou disquieted me, to bring me up? And Saul answered, I am sore30 distressed; for the Philistines31 make war against me, and God32 is departed from me, and answereth33 me no more, neither by prophets34, nor by dreams: therefore35 I have called thee, that thou mayest make known unto me what I shall do. [16] Then said Samuel, Wherefore36 then dost thou ask of me, seeing the Lord is departed from thee, and is become37 thine enemy? [17] And the Lord hath done to him38, as he spake39 by me40: for the Lord hath rent the kingdom out of thine hand, and given it to thy neighbour41, [even] to David: [18] Because thou obeyedst42 not the voice of the Lord, nor executedst his fierce wrath upon Amalek, therefore hath the Lord43 done this thing unto thee this day. [19] Moreover the Lord44 will also deliver Israel with thee into the hand of the Philistines: and to morrow45 [shalt] thou and thy sons [be] with me: the Lord also shall deliver the host of Israel into the hand of the Philistines. [20] Then Saul fell straightway46 all along on the earth, and was sore afraid47, because of the words of Samuel: and there was no strength in him; for he had eaten no bread all the day, nor all the night.
[21] [¶]And the woman came unto Saul, and saw that he was sore troubled, and said unto him, Behold, thine handmaid hath obeyed thy voice, and I have put48 my life in my hand, and have hearkened unto thy words which thou spakest unto me. [22] Now therefore, I pray thee, hearken thou also unto the voice of thine handmaid, and let me set a morsel of bread before thee; and eat, that thou mayest have strength, when thou goest on thy way. [23] But he refused, and said, I will49 not eat. But his servants, together with the woman, compelled him50; and he hearkened unto their voice. So he arose from the earth, and sat upon the bed. [24] And the woman had a fat calf51 in the house; and she hasted, and killed it, and took flour, and kneaded [it], and did bake unleavened bread thereof: [25] And she brought [it] before Saul, and before his servants; and they did eat. Then they rose up, and went away that night.
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1Sam 28:1, Achish puts confidence in David; 1Sam 28:3, Saul having destroyed the witches, 1Sam 28:4, and now in his fear forsaken of God, 1Sam 28:7, has recourse to a witch; 1Sam 28:8, who, encouraged by Saul, raises up Samuel; 1Sam 28:15, Saul hearing his ruin, faints; 1Sam 28:21, The woman and his servants refresh him with meat. ↩
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1Sam 28:9; Exod 22:18; Lev 19:31, Lev 20:6, Lev 20:27; Deut 18:10-11; Acts 16:16-19 ↩
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Job 15:21, Job 18:11; Ps 48:5-6, Ps 73:19; Prov 10:24; Isa 7:2, Isa 21:3-4; Isa 57:20-21; Dan 5:6 ↩
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1Sam 14:37; 1Chr 10:14; Prov 1:27-28; Lam 2:9; Ezek 20:1-3; John 9:31; Jas 4:3 ↩
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Gen 28:12-15, Gen 46:2-4; Num 12:6; Job 33:14-16; Jer 23:28; Matt 1:20 ↩
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En–dor, a city of Manasseh, was situated in the plain of Jezreel; and Eusebius and Jerome inform us, that it was a great town in their days, four miles south from Mount Tabor, near Nain, towards Scythopolis. This agrees with Maundrell, who says, that not many miles eastward of Tabor, you see mount Hermon, at the foot of which is seated Nain and En–dor; and Burckhardt says, that in two hours and a half from Nazareth, towards Scythopolis or Bisan, they came to the village of Denouny, near which are the ruins of En–dor; where the witch's grotto is shewn. Josh 17:11; Ps 83:10 ↩
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1Kgs 14:2-3, 1Kgs 22:30, 1Kgs 22:34; Job 24:13-15; Jer 23:24; John 3:19 ↩
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1Sam 14:39, 1Sam 19:6; Gen 3:5; Exod 20:7; Deut 18:10-12; 2Sam 14:11; Matt 26:72; Mark 6:23 ↩
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Heb. What is his form ↩
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1Sam 16:13-14, 1Sam 18:12; Judg 16:20; Ps 51:11; Hos 9:12; Matt 25:41 ↩
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Heb. the hand of prophets ↩
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Judg 5:31; 2Kgs 6:27; Ps 68:1-3; Rev 18:20, Rev 18:24, Rev 19:1-6 ↩
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or, for himself, The LXX read σοι, and the Vulgate tibi, to thee; which is the reading of five of Dr. Kennicott's and De Rossi's manuscripts, as well as both the Bibles printed at Venice in 1518, where we read lecha, "to thee," for lo, "to him;" and as the words are spoken to Saul, this seems to be evidently the correct reading. Prov 16:4 ↩
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Heb. mine hand ↩
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1Sam 13:9, 1Sam 15:9, 1Sam 15:23-26; 1Kgs 20:42; 1Chr 10:13; Jer 48:10 ↩
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There is considerable diversity of opinion, both among learned and pious men, relative to this appearance to Saul. But the most probable opinion seems to be, that Samuel himself did actually appear to Saul, not by the power of enchantment, but by the appointment and especial mercy of God, to warn this infatuated monarch of his approaching end, that he might be reconciled with his Maker. There is not the smallest intimation of chicanery or Satanic influence given in the text; but on the contrary, from the plain and obvious meaning of the language employed, it is perfectly evident that it was Samuel himself, Shemooel hoo, as it is expressed in 1Sam 28:14. Indeed the very soul of Samuel seems to breathe in his expressions of displeasure against the disobedience and wickedness of Saul; while the awful prophetic denunciations which accordingly came to pass, were such as neither human nor diabolical wisdom could foresee, and which could only be known to God himself, and to those to whom he chose to reveal them. Exod 9:18; Jer 28:16-17; Dan 5:25-28; Matt 26:24; Acts 5:5, Acts 5:9-10 ↩
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Heb. made haste and fell with the fullness of his stature ↩
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1Sam 28:5, 1Sam 25:37; Job 15:20-24, Job 26:2; Ps 50:21-22 ↩