(KJV) 1 Chronicles 121
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⥃The Mighty Men Join David at Ziklag
[1] Now these [are2] they that came to David to Ziklag, while he yet3 kept himself close because of Saul4 the son of Kish: and they [were] among the mighty5 men, helpers of the war. [2] [They were] armed with bows, and could use6 both the right hand and the left in [hurling7] stones and [shooting] arrows out of a bow, [even] of Saul’s brethren of Benjamin. [3] The chief [was] Ahiezer, then Joash, the sons of Shemaah8 the Gibeathite9; and Jeziel, and Pelet, the sons of Azmaveth10; and Berachah, and Jehu the Antothite11, [4] And Ismaiah the Gibeonite12, a mighty man13 among the thirty, and over the thirty; and Jeremiah, and Jahaziel, and Johanan, and Josabad the Gederathite14, [5] Eluzai, and Jerimoth, and Bealiah, and Shemariah, and Shephatiah the Haruphite, [6] Elkanah, and Jesiah, and Azareel, and Joezer, and Jashobeam, the Korhites, [7] And Joelah, and Zebadiah, the sons of Jeroham of Gedor15. [8] And of the Gadites there separated themselves unto David into the hold16 to the wilderness men of might, [and] men of war17 [fit] for the battle, that could handle18 shield and buckler, whose faces19 [were like] the faces of lions, and [were] as swift as the roes upon the mountains20; [9] Ezer the first, Obadiah the second, Eliab the third, [10] Mishmannah the fourth, Jeremiah the fifth, [11] Attai the sixth, Eliel the seventh, [12] Johanan the eighth, Elzabad the ninth, [13] Jeremiah the tenth, Machbanai the eleventh. [14] These [were] of the sons of Gad, captains of the host: one of the least [was] over an hundred, and the greatest over a thousand21. [15] These [are] they that went over Jordan in the first month, when it had overflown22 all his banks; and they put to flight all [them] of the valleys, [both] toward the east, and toward the west. [16] And there came of the children23 of Benjamin and Judah to the hold24 unto David. [17] And David went out to meet them25, and answered and said unto them, If ye be come26 peaceably unto me to help me, mine heart27 shall be knit28 unto you: but if [ye be come] to betray me to mine enemies, seeing [there is] no wrong29 in mine hands, the God30 of our fathers look [thereon], and rebuke [it31]. [18] Then the spirit32 came upon Amasai33, [who was] chief of the captains, [and he said], Thine [are we], David, and on thy side, thou son of Jesse: peace34, peace [be] unto thee, and peace [be] to thine helpers; for thy God35 helpeth thee. Then David received them, and made them captains of the band36. [19] And there fell [some] of Manasseh to David, when he came37 with the Philistines against Saul to battle: but they helped them not: for the lords of the Philistines upon advisement sent him away, saying, He will fall to his master Saul to [the jeopardy of] our heads38. [20] As he went39 to Ziklag, there fell to him of Manasseh, Adnah, and Jozabad, and Jediael, and Michael, and Jozabad, and Elihu, and Zilthai, captains40 of the thousands that [were] of Manasseh. [21] And they helped David against the band41 [of the rovers]: for they [were] all mighty men42 of valour, and were captains in the host. [22] For at [that] time day by day43 there came to David to help him, until [it was] a great host, like the host of God44.
⥃David’s Army Grows at Hebron
[23] And these [are] the numbers45 of the bands46 [that were] ready armed to the war, [and] came to David47 to Hebron, to turn48 the kingdom of Saul to him, according49 to the word of the Lord.50 [24] The children of Judah that bare shield and spear [were] six thousand and eight hundred, ready armed51 to the war. [25] Of the children of Simeon, mighty men of valour for the war, seven thousand and one hundred. [26] Of the children of Levi four thousand and six hundred. [27] And Jehoiada [was] the leader52 of the Aaronites53, and with him [were] three thousand and seven hundred; [28] And Zadok54, a young man mighty of valour, and of his father’s house twenty and two captains. [29] And of the children of Benjamin, the kindred55 of Saul, three thousand: for hitherto the greatest part of them56 had kept the ward of the house of Saul. [30] And of the children of Ephraim twenty thousand and eight hundred, mighty men of valour, famous57 throughout the house of their fathers. [31] And of the half tribe58 of Manasseh eighteen thousand, which were expressed by name, to come and make David king. [32] And of the children of Issachar, [which were men] that had understanding of the times59, to know60 what Israel ought to do; the heads of them [were] two hundred; and all their61 brethren [were] at their commandment. [33] Of Zebulun, such as went forth to battle, expert in war62, with all instruments of war, fifty thousand, which could keep rank: [they were] not of double heart. [34] And of Naphtali a thousand captains, and with them with shield and spear thirty and seven thousand. [35] And of the Danites expert in war twenty and eight thousand and six hundred. [36] And of Asher, such as went forth to battle, expert in war63, forty thousand. [37] And on the other side64 of Jordan, of the Reubenites, and the Gadites, and of the half tribe of Manasseh, with all manner of instruments of war for the battle, an hundred and twenty thousand. [38] All these men of war, that could keep rank, came with a perfect heart65 to Hebron, to make David king over all Israel: and all the rest66 also of Israel [were] of one heart to make David king. [39] And there they were with David three days, eating and drinking67: for their brethren had prepared for them. [40] Moreover they that were nigh them, [even] unto Issachar and Zebulun and Naphtali, brought68 bread on asses, and on camels, and on mules, and on oxen, [and] meat, meal69, cakes of figs70, and bunches of raisins, and wine, and oil, and oxen, and sheep abundantly: for [there was] joy71 in Israel.
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1Chr 12:1, The companies that came to David at Ziklag; 1Chr 12:23, The armies that came to him at Hebron. ↩
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etc. Heb. being yet shut up, Sometimes, in the East, when a successful prince endeavoured to extirpate the preceding royal family, some of them escaped the slaughter, and secured themselves in an impregnable fortress, or in a place of great secrecy; while others have been known to seek an asylum in a foreign county, from when they have occasioned, from time to time, great anxiety and great difficulties to the usurper of the crown. The expression shut up, so often applied to the extermination of eastern royal families (Deut 32:32. 1Kgs 14:10; 1Kgs 21:21. 2Kgs 9:8; 2Kgs 14:26), strictly speaking, refers to the two first of these cases; but the term may be used in a more extensive sense, for those who, by retiring into deserts, or foreign countries, preserve themselves from being slain by the men who usurp the dominions of their ancestors. Thus the term is here applied to David, though he did not shut himself up, strictly speaking, in Ziklag. It is described as a town in the country, and was probably an unwalled town; and it is certain that he did not confine himself to it, but, on the contrary, was continually making excursions from thence. ↩
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or, Hasmaah ↩
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1Chr 12:16, 1Chr 11:16; 1Sam 23:14, 1Sam 23:29, 1Sam 24:22 ↩
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Heb. of the host ↩
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Heb. as the roes upon the mountains to make haste, 2Sam 2:18; Prov 6:5; Song 8:14 ↩
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or, one that was least could resist an hundred, the greatest a thousand. Lev 26:8; Deut 32:30 ↩
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Heb. it had filled over, Josh 3:15, Josh 4:18; Jer 12:5, Jer 49:19 ↩
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Heb. before them ↩
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1Sam 18:1, 1Sam 18:3; 2Kgs 10:15; Ps 86:11; 2Cor 13:11; Phil 1:27 ↩
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or, violence ↩
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Gen 31:42, Gen 31:53; 1Sam 24:11-17, 1Sam 26:23-24; Ps 7:6; 1Pet 2:23 ↩
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Heb. clothed Amasai, 1Chr 2:17; 2Sam 17:25, 2Sam 19:13, 2Sam 20:4-8, Amasa, Thine are we. 2Kgs 10:5, and on they side, Ruth 1:16; 2Sam 15:21; 2Kgs 9:32; Matt 12:30 ↩
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Heb. on our heads ↩
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These captains of Manasseh seem to have met David as he was returning from the army of the Philistines to Ziklag. It is probable that they did not bring their companies with them; yet they both assured him of future assistance, and very seasonably helped him against the Amalekites who had spoiled Ziklag. 1Sam 29:11 ↩
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or, with a band, 1Sam 30:1-17 ↩
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That is, says the Targumist, a very numerous army, like the army of the angel of God. Gen 32:2; Josh 5:14; Ps 148:2 ↩
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or, captains, or men, Heb. heads ↩
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Some learned men understand this as relating to the time when David was make king over Judah, on his first coming to Hebron, but it seems wholly to refer to his being made king over all Israel, after the death of Ish–bosheth; for there was no such union or assembly of the several tribes on the former occasion, as is here described. ↩
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1Chr 11:10; 1Sam 16:1, 1Sam 16:3, 1Sam 16:12-13; 2Sam 3:18; Ps 2:6, Ps 89:19-20 ↩
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am 2956, bc 1048, An, Ex, Is, 433 ↩
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or, prepared ↩
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1Chr 6:8, 1Chr 6:53; 2Sam 8:17; 1Kgs 1:8, 1Kgs 2:35; Ezek 44:15 ↩
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Heb. a multitude of them, 2Sam 2:8-9 ↩
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That is, as the following words indicate, intelligent men, who understood the signs of the times, well versed in political affairs, and knew what was proper to be done in all the exigencies of human life; and who now perceived that it was both the duty and political interest of Israel to advance David to the throne. Gen 49:14; Esth 1:13; Isa 22:12-14, Isa 33:6; Mic 6:9; Matt 16:3; Luke 12:56-57 ↩
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or, rangers of battle, or ranged in battle, keep rank. or, set the battle in array. they were not of double heart. Heb. they were without a heart and a heart. That is, they were all sincerely affected towards David, though so numerous. Ps 12:2; John 1:47 ↩
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or, keeping their rank, 1Chr 12:33; Joel 2:7 ↩
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1Chr 5:1-10; Num 32:33-42; Deut 3:12-16; Josh 13:7-32, Josh 14:3, Josh 22:1-10 ↩
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The meaning of this expression may be inferred from that of a double heart in 1Chr 12:33. If a double heart be expressive of insincerity or duplicity, a perfect heart, which seems to be put in opposition to it, must signify a sincere, faithful, and entire attachment. 1Kgs 8:61, 1Kgs 11:4; 2Kgs 20:3; Ps 101:2 ↩
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1Chr 12:17-18; Gen 49:8-10; 2Chr 30:12; Ps 110:3; Ezek 11:19 ↩
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The Septuagint reads εφερον αυτιος, "brought (to) them" which is probably correct; the Hebrew lahem, "to them" might be easily mistaken for lechem, "bread." The passage will then read, "bought them on asses, on camels, and on mules, and on oxen, meat, meal, cakes of figs," etc., which renders the introduction of and unnecessary. From the mention of oil, figs, and raisins, Mr. Harmer thinks that this assembly was held in autumn. 2Sam 16:1, 2Sam 17:27-29 ↩
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or, victual of meal ↩
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1Kgs 1:40; 2Kgs 11:20; Prov 11:10, Prov 29:2; Jer 23:5-6; Luke 19:37-38; Rev 19:5-7 ↩