Lexical Definition

‎כָּלַם‎ kâlam (kaw-lawm') be humiliated ^H:V
a primitive root

be (make) ashamed, blush, be confounded, be put to confusion, hurt, reproach, (do, put to) shame.

• properly, to wound
• but only figuratively, to taunt or insult

1) to insult, shame, humiliate, blush, be ashamed, be put to shame, be reproached, be put to confusion, be humiliated
1a) (Niphal)
1a1) to be humiliated, be ashamed
1a2) to be put to shame, be dishonoured, be confounded
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to put to shame, insult, humiliate, cause shame to
1b2) to exhibit shame
1c) (Hophal)
1c1) to be insulted, be humiliated
1c2) to be put to shame, be dishonoured, be confounded

See Greek: αἰσχύνομαι · ἀτιμάζω · ἀτιμία · ἀτιμόω · ἐκκλίνω · ἐντρέπω · καταισχύνω · καταλαλέω · κόλασις · κοπάζω · ὀνειδίζω · πανταχοῦ

Brown-Driver-Briggs

[‎כָּלַם‎] verb only Niph`al, Hoph`al be humiliated, Hiph`il humiliate (Late Hebrew Hiph`il, id.; Aramaic ‎כְּלַם‎ Aph`el, Ithpe`el; Arabic is wound; also speak to, converse with); —

Niph`al Perfect 2 feminine singular ‎וְנִכְלַמְתְּ‎ consecutive Jer 22:22 + 2 t.; 1 singular ‎נִכְלַמְתִּי‎ Jer 31:19; Ezra 9:6, ‎נִכְלָ֑מְתִּי‎ Isa 50:7 3 plural ‎נִכְלְמוּ‎ Isa 45:16 + 2 t.; Imperfect 3 feminine singular ‎תִּכָּלֵם‎ Num 12:14 2 feminine singular ‎תִּכָּֽלְמִי‎ Isa 54:4 3 masculine plural ‎יִכָּֽלְמוּ‎ Isa 41:11 + 5 t.; 2 masculine plural ‎תִּכָּֽלְמוּ‎ Isa 45:17 Imperative masculine plural ‎הִכָּֽלְמוּ‎ Ezek 36:32 Infinitive construct ‎הִכָּלֵם‎ Jer 3:3; Jer 8:12 Participle ‎נִכְלָם‎ Ps 74:21 masculine plural ‎נִכְלָמִים‎ 2Sam 10:5 + 2 t.; feminine plural ‎נִכְלָמוֺת‎ Ezek 16:27>; — be humiliated, ashamed, put to shame, dishonoured, confounded:

1. be humiliated, ashamed, before men Num 12:14 (E), 2Sam 10:5 = 1Chr 19:5; 2Sam 19:4*, compare Ps 74:21 before enemies (by defeat, etc.) Isa 45:17 (|| ‎בושׁ‎), Isa 50:7; Isa 54:4 (|| ‎בושׁ‎, ‎חפר‎); before God, followed by ‎לְ‎ infinitive, ‎וְנִכְלַמְתִּי‎ ‎אֱלֹהַי לְהָרִים פָּנַי אֵלֶיךָ‎ Ezra 9:6 (|| ‎בושׁ‎); Jer 3:3; Ezek 16:27; Ezek 16:54 (|| ‎נָשָׂא כְלִמָּה‎), Ezek 43:10; Ezek 43:11 (all + ‎מִן‎ causative) Ezek 16:61, so probably Levites, at Hezekiah's reforms 2Chr 30:5.

2. be put to shame, dishonoured, confounded, by judgments of ‎׳‎‎י‎, all || ‎בושׁ‎: Jer 22:22 (‎מִן‎ of cause), Ezek 36:32 (id.), Jer 31:19 (‎כִּי‎ of cause), Jer 8:12; Isa 41:11; Isa 45:16 (+ ‎הָלַךְ בַּכְּלִמָּה‎), Ps 35:4; Ps 69:7* + ‎חפר‎ Ps 40:15*; Ps 70:3*. Hiph`il Perfect 3 masculine singular suffix ‎הִכְּלִמוֺ‎ 1Sam 20:34 3 masculine plural suffix ‎הֶכְלַמְנוּם‎ (Ges^{«GKC:53»§ 53}, 3 R. 6) 1Sam 25:7 Imperfect ‎יַכְלִים‎ Prov 28:7 2 masculine singular suffix ‎וַתַּכְלִימֵנוּ‎ Ps 44:10* 2 masculine plural suffix ‎תַּכְלִימוּנִי‎ Job 19:3, ‎מֿוּהָ‎ Ruth 2:15 Infinitive construct ‎הַכְלִים‎ Jer 6:15; Prov 25:8 Participle ‎מַכְלִים‎ Judg 18:7 (but see below), ‎מַכְלִם‎ Job 11:3 —

1. put to shame = insult, humiliate, with accusative 1Sam 20:34; 1Sam 25:7 (compare Hoph`al v1Sam 25:15) Ruth 2:15; Job 19:3 humiliate by rebuke Job 11:3 humiliate by defeat Prov 25:8; Ps 44:10* cause shame to Prov 28:7 — Judg 18:7 is corrupt (see Be VB GFM; Be proposes ‎מַחְסוֺר כלדֿבר‎ there was no lack of anything, for ᵑ0 ‎׳‎‎מַכְלִים ד‎; GFM conjectures ‎מְכַלֵּא‎ ‎מִדָּבָר‎ there is no one to restrain (us) from anything in the land).

2. exhibit shame Jer 6:15 (|| ‎בוֺשׁ‎). Hoph`al Perfect

1. 1 plural ‎לֹא הָכְלַמְנוּ‎ 1Sam 25:15 we were not insulted, humiliated (compare Hiph`il 1).

2. 3 plural ‎חָכְלְמוּ‎ Jer 14:3 they were put to shame, dishonoured, confounded (|| ‎בושׁ‎).

Brown-Driver-Briggs References