Lexical Definition

‎אָבַל‎ ʼâbal (aw-bal') to mourn ^H:V
a primitive root

lament, mourn.

• to bewail

1) to mourn, lament
1a) (Qal) to mourn, lament
1a1) of humans
1a2) of inanimate objects (fig.)
1a2a) of gates
1a2b) of land
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to mourn, cause to mourn (fig.)
1c) (Hithpael)
1c1) to mourn
1c2) play the mourner

See Greek: θρηνέω · ἰδού · πενθέω · πλήν · στενάζω

Brown-Driver-Briggs

I. ‎אָבַל‎₃₉ verb mourn (Assyrian [abâlu] see Dl^w) —

Qal Perfect ‎אָבַל‎ Isa 24:7 + 2 t. etc. Imperfect 3 feminine singular ‎תֶּאֱבַל‎ Hos 4:3 + 3 t. — mourn, lament (poetic & higher style); absolute, human subject Joel 1:9; Amos 8:8; Amos 9:5; Isa 19:8 (|| ‎אנה‎) compare Job 14:22 (subject ‎נַפְשׁוֺ‎); followed by ‎על‎ Hos 10:5 more often figurative, inanimate subject, gates 1Sam 3:26 land 1Sam 24:4*; 1Sam 33:9; Hos 4:3; Joel 1:10; Jer 4:28 (followed by ‎על‎) Jer 12:4; Jer 23:10 compare Jer 12:11 (followed by ‎על‎), ‎יְהוּדָה‎ Jer 14:2 pastures Amos 1:2. Hithpa`el — Perfect ‎הִתְאַבֵּל‎ 1Sam 15:35 Imperfect ‎יִתְאַבָּ֑ל‎ Ezek 7:12; Ezek 7:27 ‎וַיִּתְאַבֵּל‎ Gen 37:34 + 3 t. etc.; Imperative feminine singular ‎הִתְאַבְּלִי‎ 2Sam 14:2 Participle ‎מִתְאַבֵּל‎ 1Sam 16:1 + 2 t. etc.; — mourn (mostly prose) especially for dead, followed by ‎על‎ Gen 37:34; 2Sam 13:37; 2Sam 14:2; 2Sam 19:2* || ‎בכה‎ 2Chr 35:24, compare also Isa 66:10 (over Jerusalem); absolute 1Chr 7:22 compare 2Sam 14:2 play the mourner (where indicated by dress); over un-worthy Saul followed by ‎אֶל‎ 1Sam 15:35; 1Sam 16:1 over sin followed by ‎על‎ Ezra 10:6 compare (absolute) Neh 8:9 judgment of ‎׳‎‎י‎ Exod 33:4 absolute (indicated by dress), Num 14:39; Ezek 7:27 (strike out B Co); followed by ‎כִּי‎ 1Sam 6:19 calamity Neh 1:4; Ezek 7:12 compare Dan 10:2. Hiph`il Perfect ‎הֶאֱבַלְתִּי‎ Ezek 31:15 Imperfect ‎וַיַּאֲבֶלֿ‎ Lam 2:8 — cause to mourn; Ezek 31:15 absolute ᵑ0, but A B Co object ‎תהום‎ followed by ‎על‎, caused the deep to mourn over; Lam 2:8 object wall etc.; (both these figurative, compare Qal).

Brown-Driver-Briggs References