Lexical Definition

‎שָׁבָה‎ shâbâh (shaw-baw') to take captive ^H:V
a primitive root

(bring away, carry, carry away, lead, lead away, take) captive(-s), drive (take) away.

• to transport into captivity

1) to take captive
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to take captive
1a2) captive (participle)
1a3) to lead captive
1b) (Niphal) to be taken captive

See Greek: αἰχμαλωτεύω · αἰχμάλωτος · ἀντιτάσσομαι · μετάγω

Brown-Driver-Briggs

‎שָׁבָה‎ verb take captive (Late Hebrew, Old Aramaic id.;Arabic (); Aramaic ‎שְׁבָא‎, ) —

Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular ‎׳‎‎שׁ‎ Jer 41:14 suffix‎וְשָׁבָם‎ (consecutive) Jer 43:12 (but read ‎וְשָׁבָה‎ Gie; Du conjectures ‎וְ˜שׁמְמוּ‎); 2 masculine singular ‎שָׁבִיתָ‎ 2Kgs 6:22; Ps 68:19*, etc., Imperfect 3 masculine singular ‎וַיִּשְׁבְּ‎ Num 21:1; Jer 41:10, etc.; Imperative masculine singular ‎וּשְׁבֵה‎ Judg 5:12 Infinitive construct ‎שְׁבוֺת‎ Obad 1:11 Participle active plural ‎שֹׁבִים‎ Isa 14:2, etc.; passive masculine plural ‎שְׁבוּיִם‎ Isa 61:1, feminine plural construct ‎שְׁבֻיוֺת‎ Gen 31:26 — take captive

1.a. with accusative of person, Num 24:22 (JE), 1Sam 30:2; 2Kgs 5:2; 2Kgs 6:22 (+ ‎ב‎ instrumental) Jer 41:10 (twice in verse) (but vJer 41:10 b Gie reads ‎וַיַּשְׁכֵּם‎, compare ᵐ5 Luc), vJer 41:14, Gen 34:29 (P), 2Chr 28:8 (+ ‎מִן‎ part), + 6 t.; + Jer 43:12 apparently with accusative idols (but see above; accusative land Gie).
b. accusative ‎חֵילוֺ‎ Obad 1:11 ‎הָֽרְכוּשׁ‎ 2Chr 21:17, cattle, etc., 1Chr 5:21; 2Chr 14:14*
c. participle in periphrastic conjugation (‎לְשֹׁבֵיהֶם‎) ‎וְהָיוּ שֹׁבִים‎ Isa 14:2 participle with suffix = their captives, etc., 1Kgs 8:46 = 2Chr 6:36; Isa 14:2; Jer 50:33, +5 t.; Passive participle Isa 61:1 = captives; ‎כִּשְׁבֻיוֺת חָ֑רֶב‎ Gen 31:26 my daughters as captives of the sword.

2. with accusative of congnate meaning with verb ‎שְׁבִי‎ Judg 5:12 lead captive thy captives, compare Ps 68:19*; 2Chr 28:17, so (+ ‎מִן‎ person) Num 21:1 (JE), and (accusative ‎שִׁבְיָה‎) 2Chr 28:5; 2Chr 28:11 ‎שִׁבְיוֺ‎ ‎׳‎‎שׁ‎ Deut 21:10 = take him captive. Niph`al be taken captive: Perfect 3 masculine singular ‎נִשְׁבָּה‎, of man Gen 14:14, of beast Exod 22:9* (E), of ‎׳‎‎עֵדֶר י‎ Jer 13:17 3 plural ‎נִשְׁבּוּ‎, human subject 1Sam 30:8; 1Sam 30:5; 1Kgs 8:47 = 2Chr 6:37; Ezek 6:9.

Brown-Driver-Briggs References