Lexical Definition

‎חָרַד‎ chârad (khaw-rad') to tremble ^H:V
a primitive root

be (make) afraid, be careful, discomfit, fray (away), quake, tremble.

• to shudder with terror
• hence, to fear
• also to hasten (with anxiety)

1) to tremble, quake, move about, be afraid, be startled, be terrified
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to tremble, quake (of a mountain)
1a2) to tremble (of people)
1a3) to be anxiously careful
1a4) to go or come trembling (with prep)
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to cause to tremble
1b2) to drive in terror, rout (an army)

See Greek: διώκω

Brown-Driver-Briggs

‎חָרַד‎ verb tremble, be terrified (Assyrian —arâdu, id., according to Dl^{HA 20, Pr 46}; Arabic be bashful, shamefaced; Late Hebrew ‎חֲרָדָה‎ a trembling) —

Qal Perfect ‎וְחָרַד‎ consecutive Isa 19:16, ‎חָֽרְדָה‎ Isa 10:29, ‎חָרַדְתְּ‎ 2Kgs 4:13, ‎חָרְדוּ‎ 1Sam 13:7; 1Sam 14:15, ‎וְחָֽרְדוּ‎ consecutive Ezek 26:16; Ezek 32:10 Imperfect ‎יֶחֱרַד‎ Job 37:1, ‎וַיֶּחֱרַד‎ Gen 27:33 + 5 t.; ‎יֶחְרְדוּ‎ Hos 11:10; Ezek 26:18, ‎יֶ˜חֶרְדוּ‎ Hos 11:11, ‎יֶחֱרָ֑דוּ‎ Amos 3:6; Isa 41:6, ‎וַיֶּ˜חֶרְדוּ‎ Gen 42:28 + 2 t.; Imperative ‎חִרְדוּ‎ Isa 32:11 —

1. tremble, quake, of a mountain Exod 19:18 — so HCT, but read ‎חָעָם‎, ᵐ5 see Di (E); of isles Ezek 26:18 (metaphor, in fear); so Isa 41:5 (‎קְצוֺת הארץ‎, || ‎אִיִּים יראו‎).

2. tremble, of persons under supernatural influence 1Sam 14:15 (|| ‎חֲרָדֶה‎, ‎וַתִּרְגַּז הָאָרָץ‎); start, start up (out of sleep) Ruth 3:8 in mental disturbance Gen 27:33 (J; with accusative of congnate meaning with verb) tremble, in terror Exod 19:16 (E), Isa 32:11 (|| ‎רגז‎), be startled (at sound of trumpet) Amos 3:6 compare 1Kgs 1:49 (+ ‎קום‎, ‎הלך‎, ‎ירא‎); tremble Ezek 26:16; Ezek 32:10 followed by ‎לְ‎ = at, Job 37:1 (‎לִבִּי‎), be terrified, of Egypt (personified) Isa 19:16 (|| ‎פָּחַד‎), Ramah Isa 10:29, of Saul 1Sam 28:5 subject ‎לִבּוֺ‎, || ‎ירא‎).

3. be anxiously careful ‎חָרַדְתְּ אֵלֵנוּ‎ ‎אתכֿל הַחֲרָדָה הַזּאֹת‎ 2Kgs 4:13.

4. with prepositions pregnantly = go or come trembling 1Sam 13:7 (followed by ‎מֵאחריו‎ ᵐ5^L We Dr) Gen 42:28 (E; followed by ‎אֶלֿ‎) 1Sam 16:4 (followed by ‎לִקְרָאתוֺ‎) so 1Sam 21:2*, Hos 11:10 (‎מִיָּם‎) vHos 11:11 (‎מִמִּצְרַיִם‎). Hiph`il Perfect ‎הֶחֱרִיד‎ Judg 8:12, ‎וְּהַחֲרַדְתִּ֫י‎ 2Sam 17:2 Participle ‎מַחֲרִיד‎ Lev 6:26 + 11 t.; Infinitive construct ‎הַחֲרִיד‎ Ezek 30:9; Zech 2:4* — drive in terror, rout an army, followed by accusative Judg 8:12; Ezek 30:9; Zech 2:4* compare 2Sam 17:2 (We proposes ‎החרידו‎ Hos 5:8 'setzt Benjamin in Schrecken,' for ᵑ0 ‎אַחֲרֶיךָ‎); in Participle absolute, only in ‎׳‎‎וְאֵין מ‎; and none shall terrify, i.e. disturb the peace of those reposing — ‎שׁכב‎,‎שׁקט‎, ‎רבץ‎, ‎ישׁב‎, ‎ישׁב לָבֶטַחִ‎ — in the promised land Lev 26:6, so after captivity Jer 30:10 = Jer 46:27, also Ezek 34:28; Ezek 39:26; Mic 4:4; Zeph 3:13 of undisturbed peace of the righteous Job 11:19 peace of flocks in forsaken cities Isa 17:2 undisturbed feeding on carrion by fowl and beast Deut 28:26; Jer 7:33, undisturbed prowling of lions Nah 2:12* (metaphor of Assyrians).

Brown-Driver-Briggs References