Lexical Definition

‎עוּד‎ ʻûwd (ood) to uphold ^H:V
a primitive root

admonish, charge, earnestly, lift up, protest, call (take) to record, relieve, rob, solemnly, stand upright, testify, give warning, (bear, call to, give, take to) witness.

• to duplicate or repeat
• by implication, to protest, testify (as by reiteration)
• intensively, to encompass, restore (as a sort of reduplication)

1) to return, repeat, go about, do again
1a) (Piel) to surround, go round and round
1b) (Pilel) to restore, relieve
1c) (Hithpalel) to be restored
2) to bear witness
2a) (Qal) to bear witness, say again and again
2b) (Hiphil)
2b1) to testify, bear witness
2b2) to cause to testify, take or call as witness, invoke
2b3) to protest, affirm solemnly, warn, exhort or enjoin solemnly, admonish, charge
2c) (Hophal) to protest, give warning

See Greek: ἀναλαμβάνω · ἀνορθόω · διαμαρτύρομαι · καταμαρτυρέω · μαρτυρέω

Brown-Driver-Briggs

[‎עוּד‎] verb probably return, go about, repeat, do again (Arabic , return, do again IV. restore, also say again, iterate, habit; Ethiopic turn about, surround, circuit, circle; Syriac Pa`el accustom, Ethpe`el, Aph`el be accustomed, usage, ceremong, festival (Brock), whence Arabic id., as loan-word, Frä<sup>276</sup>; Palmyrene ‎עידא‎ usage Lzb<sup>337</sup> Cook<sup>90</sup>; Late Hebrew ‎עֵד‎, and especially ‎עֵדוּת‎ = Biblical Hebrew, also ‎עִיד‎ festival, ᵑ7 ‎עִידָא‎; compare probably Assyrian Shaph`el uš-id, he he solemnly affirmed Dl^{HWB 32}); — only intensive : Pi`el surround (compare Ethiopic), Perfect 3 masculine singular suffix ‎עִוְּדֻנִי‎ Ps 119:61 (compare ‎סְבָבוּנִי‎ Ps 18:6*). Pol`el, restore, relieve (compare Arabic IV.), Imperfect 3 masculine singular ‎יְעוֺדֵד‎, with accusative of person Ps 146:9 (|| ‎שָׁמַר‎, opposed to ‎עִוֵּת‎), Ps 147:6 (opposed to ‎הִשְׁפִּיל‎). Hithpolel be restored, Imperfect 1 plural ‎וַנִּתְעוֺדָּ֑ד‎ Ps 20:9* ( + ‎קוּם‎, opposed to ‎נָפַל‎; ᵐ5 ἀνωρθώθημεν.

[‎עוּד‎] verb denominative (Gerber^{42 f.}) bear witness; —

Qal Imperfect 1 singular suffix ‎אֲעוּדֵךְ‎ Lam 2:13 Kt; < Hiph`il Qr Bu. Hiph`il Perfect 3 masculine singular ‎הֵעִיד‎ 2Kgs 17:15; Mal 2:14 ‎הֵעִד‎ Gen 43:3 2 masculine singular ‎ַ˜העִי֫דֹתָ‎ Neh 9:34 ‎ַ˜העֵדֹ֫תָה‎ Exod 19:23 1 singular ‎ַ˜העִידֹ֫תִי‎ Deut 4:26; Jer 42:19 3 masculine plural ‎הֵעִ֫ידוּ‎ Neh 9:26, etc.; Imperfect ‎וַיָּ֫עַד‎ 2Kgs 17:13; Zech 3:6 3 feminine singular suffix ‎וַתְּעִידֵ֫נִי‎ Job 29:11 + 15 t. Imperfect; Infinitive absolute ‎הָעֵד‎ Gen 43:3 + 4 t.; Imperative ‎הָעֵד‎ Exod 19:21 + 2 t. Imperative Participle ‎מֵעִיד‎ Deut 32:46. —

1. testify, bear witness, with suffix against one 1Kgs 21:10; 1Kgs 21:13 in favour of Job 29:11; Lam 2:13 (Qr); with ‎בֵּין‎ Mal 2:14.

2. cause to testify, take as witness, with accusative of person Isa 8:2; Jer 32:10; Jer 32:25; Jer 32:44 call as witness, invoke, with accusative ‎את השׁמים ואת הארץ‎ + ‎בְּ‎ against Deut 4:26; Deut 30:19; Deut 31:28.

3. protest, affirm solemnly, warn: subject men, absolute Jer 6:10; Neh 13:15 with ‎בְּ‎ person Gen 43:3 (twice in verse) (J) Exod 19:21 (E) 1Sam 8:9 (twice in verse); 1Kgs 2:42; 2Chr 24:19; Neh 9:26; Neh 13:21; Jer 42:19; Amos 3:13 exhort solemnly, admonish, charge, ‎׳‎‎י‎ subject, with ‎בְּ‎ person, Exod 19:23 (J) Deut 8:19; 2Kgs 17:13; Neh 9:29; Neh 9:30; Jer 11:7 (3 t. in verse); Zech 3:6; Ps 50:7; Ps 81:9* enjoin solemnly, with ‎בְּ‎ person + accusative of thing ‎עֵדְוֺת‎ 2Kgs 17:15; Neh 9:34, ‎דברים‎ Deut 32:46. Hoph`al Perfect 3 masculine singular ‎וְהוּעַד‎ consecutive Exod 21:29 (E) impersonal and protest be entered, with ‎בְּ‎ person

Brown-Driver-Briggs References