Lexical Definition

‎אָשַׁם‎ ʼâsham (aw-sham') be guilty ^H:V
or אָשֵׁם ʼâshêm (aw-shame'); a primitive root

[idiom] certainly, be(-come, made) desolate, destroy, [idiom] greatly, be(-come, found, hold) guilty, offend (acknowledge offence), trespass.

• to be guilty
• by implication to be punished or perish

1) to offend, be guilty, trespass
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to do wrong, offend, trespass, commit an offense, do injury
1a2) to be or become guilty
1a3) to be held guilty
1a4) to be incriminated
1b) (Niphal) to suffer punishment
1c) (Hiphil) to declare guilty
2) (TWOT) to be desolate, acknowledge offense

See Greek: ἀγνοέω · ἁμαρτάνω · ἀνίημι · ἀφανίζω · ἐξολοθρεύω · μεταμέλλομαι · παραπίπτω

Brown-Driver-Briggs

‎אָשַׁם‎, ‎אָשֵׁם‎ verb offend, be guilty (Arabic , id., sin, offence, , , requital, fault, guilt, mulct, compare Ethiopic ) — ‎אָשַׁם‎ Lev 5:19; Num 5:7 ‎אָשֵׁם‎ Hab 1:11 + 7 t.; ‎אָֽשְׁמָה‎ Num 5:6 ‎אָשָׁ֑מְתָּ‎ Prov 30:10 ‎אָשַׁמְתְּ‎ Ezek 22:4 ‎אָשֵׁ֑מוּ‎ Lev 4:13 Imperfect ‎יֶאְשַׁם‎ Hos 4:15 + 13 t.; Infinitive absolute ‎אָשֹׁם‎ Lev 5:19 ‎אָשׁוֺם‎ Ezek 25:12 —

1. commit an offence, a trespass, do a wrong, or an injury, with ‎אָשֹׁם אָשַׁם ליהוה ׃לְ‎ he hath done a great wrong to Yahweh (in violating the commands) Lev 5:19 (P); ‎וְנָתַן לַאֲשֶׁר אָשַׁם לוֺ‎ and he shall give it (restitution) to him to whom he did wrong Num 5:7 (P), compare 2Chr 19:10 (twice in verse); ‎וַיֶאְשְׁמוּ אָשׁוֺם‎ and they committed lasting wrong (irreparable wrong, the Edomites against Judah) Ezek 25:12.

2. be or become guilty Judg 21:22; Jer 50:7; Hos 4:15; Hab 1:11 in offences requiring sin-offering Lev 4:13; Lev 4:22; Lev 4:27 (P), of trespass-offering Lev 5:2; Lev 5:3; Lev 5:17; Lev 5:23*; Num 5:6 (P); with ‎ל‎ guilty of Lev 5:4; Lev 5:5 (P), with ‎ב‎ in or through Ezek 22:4; Hos 13:1.

3. be held guilty, bear punishment Ps 34:22*; Ps 34:23*; Prov 30:10; Isa 24:6; Jer 2:3; Hos 5:15; Hos 10:2; Hos 14:1*; Zech 11:5; Ezek 6:6 (but compare ‎שָׁמֵם‎). Niph`al ‎נֶאְשָׁמוּ‎ suffer punishment Joel 1:18 (si vera lectio; Me We and others ‎נָשַׁמּוּ‎, √ ‎שׁמם‎, compare Dr<sup>on the passage</sup>). Hiph`il Imperfect suffix ‎הַאֲשִׁימֵם‎ declare them guilty Ps 5:11*.

Brown-Driver-Briggs References