Lexical Definition
σκληρός sklērós (sklay-ros') hard G:A / G:ADV
from the base of σκέλος
fierce, hard.
- dry, i.e. hard or tough (figuratively, harsh, severe)
Abbott-Smith
σκληρός, -ά, -όν (< σκέλλω, to dry), [in LXX chiefly for קָשָׁה ;]
hard to the touch, rough, harsh, (opp. to μαλακός); metaph., in various uses;
(a) of men, hard, stern, severe: Mt 25:24;
(b) of things, hard, rough, violent: σκληρόν σοι (ἐστι), Ac 26:14; λόγος, Jo 6:60; ἄνεμος, Ja 3:4; σκληρὰ λαλεῖν, Ju 15.†
SYN.: αὐστηρός, q.v
Abbott-Smith References
| Book | Refs |
|---|---|
| Matthew | 25:24 |
| John | 6:60 |
| Acts | 26:14 |
| James | 3:4 |
| Jude | 1:15 |
Liddell-Scott-Jones
σκληρός, ά, όν,
also Doric dialect, [Refs 5th c.BC+], hyperdorian mode σκλᾱρός [Refs 5th c.BC+]:— hard, opposed to μαλακός in all senses:
__I hard to the touch, ξύλον σ. ἢ μαλακόν [Refs 6th c.BC+]; ἐλαία Pi.[same place]; γῆ [Refs 5th c.BC+]
__I.2 of sound, harsh, σκληρὸν ἐβρόντησε [Refs 8th c.BC+]
__I.3 of taste and smell, harsh, bitter, σ. ὕδατα (springing from a rocky soil) [Refs 5th c.BC+]; of wine, dry, [Refs 5th c.BC+]: metaphorically, σ. φράσις [Refs 1st c.BC+]
__I.4 stiff, unyielding, opposed to ὑγρός (lithe and supple), τιτθία σ. καὶ κυδώνια [Refs 5th c.BC+]; of the hair (compare σκληρόθριξ), [Refs 4th c.BC+]; σ. δέρμα, σάρξ, [Refs]; of persons, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; of dogs, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; οἱ τὸ σῶμα σ. [Refs 4th c.BC+]
__I.5 κοιλίη σ. costive, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
__I.6 of light, strong, ἐν σ. αὐγῇ ἢ μαλακῇ [Refs]
__I.7 of a wind, strong, [NT+2nd c.AD+]
__II metaphorically,
__II.1 of things, hard, austere, μὴ τὰ μαλακὰ μῶσο, μὴ τὰ σ. ἔχῃς [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὰ σ. hard words, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τόνος ἀπηνὴς καὶ σ. [Refs 1st c.AD+]; τὸ σ. ={σκληρότης}, ἡ δίαιτα.. ὑπερβάλλει ἐπὶ τὸ σ. [Refs 4th c.BC+]
__II.2 of persons, harsh, austere, cruel, stubborn, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; σ. ἀοιδός, of the Sphinx, [σκληρός [prev. author] “Pax” 350 ">Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἄγροικοι καὶ σ. [Refs 5th c.BC+]; σ. θράσος stubborn courage, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
__III adverb, -ρῶς καθῆσθαι, i.e. on a hard seat, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
__III.2 hardly, with difficulty, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
__III.3 harshly, obstinately, σ. διαμάχεσθαι [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀπειλεῖν[Refs 4th c.BC+]
LSJ Scripture Refs: Jas.3.4