(KJV) Deuteronomy 91

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Assurance of Victory

[1] Hear, O Israel: Thou [art] to pass2 over Jordan this day3, to go in to possess nations4 greater and mightier than thyself, cities5 great and fenced up to heaven, [2] A people great6 and tall, the children of the Anakims, whom thou knowest, and [of whom] thou hast heard [say], Who can stand7 before the children of Anak! [3] Understand8 therefore this day, that the Lord thy God [is] he which goeth over9 before thee; [as] a consuming fire10 he shall11 destroy them, and he shall bring them down before thy face: so shalt thou drive them out, and destroy them quickly, as the Lord hath said unto thee. [4] Speak not12 thou in thine heart, after that the Lord thy God hath cast them out from before thee, saying, For my righteousness the Lord hath brought me in to possess this land: but for the wickedness13 of these nations the Lord doth drive them out from before thee. [5] Not for14 thy righteousness, or for the uprightness of thine heart, dost thou go to possess their land: but for the wickedness of these nations the Lord thy God doth drive them out from before thee, and that he may15 perform the word which the Lord sware unto thy fathers, Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. [6] Understand16 therefore, that the Lord thy God giveth thee17 not this good land to possess it for thy righteousness; for thou [art] a stiffnecked18 people.

The Golden Calf[ Exodus 32:1–35 Acts 7:39–43 ]

[7] Remember19, [and] forget not, how thou provokedst the Lord thy God to wrath in the wilderness: from the day20 that thou didst depart out of the land of Egypt, until ye came unto this place, ye have been rebellious against the Lord. [8] Also in Horeb21 ye provoked the Lord to wrath, so that the Lord was angry with you to have destroyed you. [9] When I was22 gone up into the mount to receive the tables23 of stone, [even] the tables of the covenant which the Lord made with you, then I24 abode in the mount forty days and forty nights, I neither25 did eat bread nor drink water: [10] And the Lord26 delivered unto me two tables of stone written with27 the finger of God; and on them [was written] according to all the words28, which the Lord spake with you in the mount out of the midst of the fire in the day of the assembly. [11] And it came to pass at the end of forty days and forty nights, [that] the Lord gave me the two tables of stone, [even] the tables of the covenant29. [12] And the Lord said unto me, Arise30, get thee down quickly from hence; for thy people which thou hast brought forth out of Egypt have corrupted31 [themselves]; they are quickly32 turned aside out of the way which I commanded them; they have made them a molten image. [13] Furthermore the Lord spake unto me, saying, I have33 seen this people, and, behold, it [is] a stiffnecked34 people: [14] Let me35 alone, that I may destroy them, and blot36 out their name from under heaven: and I will37 make of thee a nation mightier and greater than they. [15] So I turned38 and came down from the mount39, and the mount burned with fire: and the two tables of the covenant [were] in my two hands. [16] And I looked40, and, behold, ye had sinned against the Lord your God, [and] had made you a molten calf: ye had turned aside quickly out of the way which the Lord had commanded you. [17] And I took the two tables, and cast them41 out of my two hands, and brake them before your eyes. [18] And I fell down42 before the Lord, as at the first, forty days and forty nights: I did neither eat bread, nor drink water, because of all your sins which ye sinned, in doing wickedly in the sight of the Lord, to provoke him to anger. [19] For I43 was afraid of the anger and hot displeasure, wherewith the Lord was wroth against you to destroy you. But the44 Lord hearkened unto me at that time also. [20] And the Lord was very angry with Aaron to have destroyed him: and I prayed for Aaron also the same time.45 [21] And I took46 your sin, the calf which ye had made, and burnt it with fire, and stamped it, [and] ground [it] very small, [even] until it was as small as dust: and I cast the dust thereof into the brook47 that descended out of the mount. [22] And at Taberah48, and at Massah49, and at Kibroth–hattaavah50, ye provoked the Lord to wrath. [23] Likewise51 when the Lord sent you from Kadesh–barnea, saying, Go up and possess the land which I have given you; then ye rebelled52 against the commandment of the Lord your God, and ye believed53 him not, nor hearkened to his voice. [24] Ye have been rebellious against the Lord from the day that I knew you.54 [25] Thus I fell down before the Lord forty days and forty nights, as I fell down [at the first]; because the Lord had said he would destroy you.55 [26] I prayed56 therefore unto the Lord, and said, O Lord God, destroy not thy people and thine inheritance57, which thou hast redeemed58 through thy greatness, which thou hast brought forth59 out of Egypt with a mighty hand. [27] Remember60 thy servants, Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob; look not61 unto the stubbornness of this people, nor to their wickedness, nor to their sin: [28] Lest the land62 whence thou broughtest us out say, Because63 the Lord was not able to bring them into the land which he promised them, and because he hated them, he hath brought them out to slay them in the wilderness. [29] Yet they64 [are] thy people and thine inheritance, which thou65 broughtest out by thy mighty power and by thy stretched out arm.

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  1. Deut 9:1, Moses dissuades them from the opinion of their own righteousness, by rehearsing their several rebellions. 

  2. Deut 3:18, Deut 11:31, Deut 27:2; Josh 1:11, Josh 3:6, Josh 3:14, Josh 3:16, Josh 4:5, Josh 4:19 

  3. The Hebrew hyyom, "this day," frequently denotes, as here, this time. They had come, 38 years before this, nearly to the verge of the promised land, but were not permitted, because of their unbelief and rebellion, at that day or time, to enter; but this time they shall certainly pass over. This was spoken in the eleventh month of the fortieth year of their journeying; and it was on the first month of the following year they passed over, and during this interval Moses died. 

  4. Deut 4:38, Deut 7:1, Deut 11:23 

  5. Deut 1:28; Num 13:22, Num 13:28-33 

  6. Deut 2:11-12, Deut 2:21 

  7. Deut 7:24; Exod 9:11; Job 11:10; Dan 8:4, Dan 11:16; Nah 1:6 

  8. Deut 9:6; Matt 15:10; Mark 7:14; Eph 5:17 

  9. Deut 1:30, Deut 20:4, Deut 31:3-6; Josh 3:11, Josh 3:14; Mic 2:13; Rev 19:11-16 

  10. Deut 4:24; Isa 27:4, Isa 30:27, Isa 30:30, Isa 30:33, Isa 33:14; Nah 1:5-6; 2Thess 1:8; Heb 12:29 

  11. Deut 7:1-2, Deut 7:16, Deut 7:23-24; Exod 23:29-31; Isa 41:10-16; Rom 8:31 

  12. Deut 9:5, Deut 7:7-8, Deut 8:17; Ezek 36:22, Ezek 36:32; Rom 11:6, Rom 11:20; 1Cor 4:4, 1Cor 4:7; Eph 2:4-5; 2Tim 1:9; Titus 3:3-5 

  13. Deut 12:31, Deut 18:12; Gen 15:16; Lev 18:24-25 

  14. Though the Canaanites were expelled for their wickedness, it does not follow, that the Israelites were established in their room on account of any distinguished virtue, or because they deserved it. On many occasions, it may be seen in the history of the world, that God punishes the wicked by the instrumentality of other men, who are as wicked as themselves. Not the Israelites' righteousness, but the wickedness of the inhabitants, and the promise of God to their fathers, was the cause of their obtaining Canaan. Titus 3:5 

  15. Gen 12:7, Gen 13:15, Gen 15:7, Gen 17:8, Gen 26:4, Gen 28:13; Exod 32:13; Ezek 20:14; Mic 7:20; Luke 1:54-55; Acts 3:25, Acts 13:32-33; Rom 11:28, Rom 15:8 

  16. Deut 9:3-4; Ezek 20:44 

  17. Moses repeats this a third time, that, if it were possible, he might root out of the Israelites the opinion of their own deserts, before God rooted out the Canaanites from their country. 

  18. Deut 9:13, Deut 10:16, Deut 31:27; Exod 32:9, Exod 33:3, Exod 34:9; 2Chr 30:8, 2Chr 36:13; Ps 78:8; Isa 48:3-4; Ezek 2:4; Zech 7:11-12; Acts 7:51; Rom 5:20-21 

  19. In order to destroy the opinion which the Israelites had of their own righteousness, it was necessary to call to mind some of their most notorious provocations and rebellions, which Moses exhorts them to preserve in their mind, as a means to keep them humble. Deut 8:2; Ezek 16:61-63, Ezek 20:43, Ezek 36:31; 1Cor 15:9; Eph 2:11; 1Tim 1:13-15 

  20. Deut 31:27, Deut 32:5-6; Exod 14:11, Exod 16:2, Exod 17:2; Num 11:4, Num 14:1-10, Num 16:1-35; Num 20:2-5, Num 21:5, Num 25:2; Neh 9:16-18; Ps 78:8-72, Ps 95:8-11 

  21. Or rather, "Even at Horeb," for there is a peculiar emphasis here, even there where they had lately received the law, attended with the most astonishing appearances and circumstances. Exod 32:16; Ps 106:19-22 

  22. Exod 24:12, Exod 24:15, Exod 24:18 

  23. Deut 9:15; Exod 31:18, Exod 34:28; Jer 31:31-32; Gal 4:24 

  24. Exod 24:18, Exod 34:28; 1Kgs 19:8; Matt 4:2 

  25. Deut 9:18; 1Kgs 13:8-9; 2Kgs 6:22 

  26. Exod 31:18 

  27. Deut 10:4; Matt 12:28; Luke 11:20; 2Cor 3:3; Heb 8:10 

  28. Deut 4:10-15, Deut 5:6-21, Deut 18:16; Exod 19:17-19, Exod 20:1-18 

  29. Deut 9:9; Num 10:33; Heb 8:6-10, Heb 9:4 

  30. Exod 32:7-8 

  31. Deut 4:16, Deut 31:29, Deut 32:5; Gen 6:11-12; Jude 1:10 

  32. Deut 9:16; Judg 2:17; Ps 78:57; Hos 6:4; Gal 1:6 

  33. Gen 11:5, Gen 18:21; Exod 32:9-10; Ps 50:7; Jer 7:11, Jer 13:27; Hos 6:10; Mal 3:5 

  34. Deut 9:6, Deut 10:16, Deut 31:27; 2Kgs 17:14 

  35. Exod 32:10-13; Isa 62:6-7; Jer 14:11, Jer 15:1; Luke 11:7-10, Luke 18:1-8; Acts 7:51 

  36. Deut 29:20; Exod 32:32-33; Ps 9:5, Ps 109:13; Prov 10:7; Rev 3:5 

  37. Num 14:11-12 

  38. Exod 32:14, Exod 32:15-35 

  39. Deut 4:11, Deut 5:23; Exod 9:23, Exod 19:18; Heb 12:18 

  40. Exod 32:19; Acts 7:40-41 

  41. Moses might have done this through distress and anguish of spirit, on beholding their abominable idolatry and dissolute conduct; or probably he did it emblematically, and perhaps by the direction of God; intimating thereby, that as by this act of his the tables were broken in pieces, on which the Law of God was written, so they, by their present conduct, had made a breach in the covenant, and broken the laws of their Maker and Sovereign. Deut 9:17 

  42. The transgressions of the people rendered this second forty days' fasting necessary to Moses. Their pardon was indeed in some sense obtained before he ascended the mount; yet probably much of the time which he spent there was employed in supplication, and when he descended the second time, with the tables of the law in his hands, the pardon was, as it were, ratified and sealed. Deut 9:9; Exod 32:10-14, Exod 34:28; 2Sam 12:16; Ps 106:23 

  43. Deut 9:8; Exod 32:10-11; Neh 1:2-7; Luke 12:4-5 

  44. Deut 10:10; Exod 32:14, Exod 33:17; Ps 99:6, Ps 106:23; Amos 7:2-3, Amos 7:5-6; Jas 5:16-17 

  45. Exod 32:2-5, Exod 32:21, Exod 32:35; Heb 7:26-28 

  46. Exod 32:20; Isa 2:18-21, Isa 30:22, Isa 31:7; Hos 8:11 

  47. This was the stream which flowed from the rock that Moses smote with his rod (Exod 17:6), and to which the Psalmist alludes in Ps 78:16-20; Ps 105:41. Philo relates, that upon Moses' striking the rock, the water poured out like a torrent, affording not only a sufficient quantity for allaying their present thirst, but to fill their water vessels, to carry with them on their journey. 

  48. Num 11:1-5 

  49. Exod 17:7 

  50. Num 11:4, Num 11:34 

  51. Deut 1:19-33; Num 13:1-33 

  52. Num 14:1-4, Num 14:10-41; Isa 63:10 

  53. Deut 1:32-33; Ps 78:22, Ps 106:24-25; Heb 3:18-19, Heb 4:2 

  54. Deut 9:6-7, Deut 31:27; Acts 7:51 

  55. Deut 9:16, Deut 9:18 

  56. Exod 32:11-13, Exod 34:9; Num 14:13-19; Ps 99:6, Ps 106:23; Jer 14:21 

  57. 1Kgs 8:51 

  58. Deut 9:29, Deut 32:9; Ps 74:1-2; Isa 63:19 

  59. Deut 7:8, Deut 13:5, Deut 15:15, Deut 21:8, Deut 26:7-8; Exod 15:13; 2Sam 7:23; Neh 1:10; Ps 77:15, Ps 107:2; Isa 44:23; Mic 6:4; Titus 2:14; Heb 9:12; Rev 5:9 

  60. Exod 3:6, Exod 3:16, Exod 6:3-8, Exod 13:5, Exod 32:13; Jer 14:21 

  61. Exod 32:31-32; 1Sam 25:25; Ps 78:8; Prov 21:12; Isa 43:24-25; Jer 50:20; Mic 7:18-19 

  62. Gen 41:57; Exod 6:6-8; 1Sam 14:25 

  63. Deut 32:26-27; Exod 32:12; Num 14:15-16; Josh 7:7-9; Ps 115:1-2; Isa 43:25; Isa 48:9-11; Jer 14:7-9; Ezek 20:8-9, Ezek 20:14; Dan 9:18-19 

  64. Deut 9:26, Deut 4:20; 1Kgs 8:15; Neh 1:10; Ps 95:7, Ps 100:3; Isa 63:19 

  65. Deut 9:26, Deut 4:34