Lexical Definition

‎חָשַׂךְ‎ châsak (khaw-sak') to withhold ^H:V
a primitive root; also interchangeable with ‎חָשַׁךְ‎

assuage, [idiom] darken, forbear, hinder, hold back, keep (back), punish, refrain, reserve, spare, withhold.

• to restrain or (reflex.) refrain
• by implication, to refuse, spare, preserve
• to observe

1) to withhold, restrain, hold back, keep in check, refrain
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to withhold, keep back, keep for oneself, keep from, hold in check, refrain, spare, reserve
1a2) to restrain, check
1b) (Niphal) to assuage, be spared

See Greek: ἀπόκειμαι · περιποιέομαι · συνάγω · φείδομαι

Brown-Driver-Briggs

‎חָשַׂךְ‎ verb withhold, refrain (Late Hebrew ‎חָסַךְ‎, Aramaic ‎חֲסַךְ‎, ; Palmyrene ‎חסך‎ remit, spare, Vog^{Nos. 6, 15}; Sabean ‎משחכן‎ weaned (child) DHM^{ZMG 1875, 608}) —

Qal Perfect ‎חָשַׂךְ‎ Gen 39:9 + 4 t. (+ Ezek 30:18 Ba; see ‎חשׁך‎; Isa 38:17 see below), ‎חָשָׂ֑ךְ‎ Isa 14:6, ‎חָֽשְׂכוּ‎ Job 30:10, ‎חָשָׂ֑כוּ‎ Jer 14:10, etc.; Imperfect ‎יַחְשׂךְ‎ Job 16:5 + 2 t.; 2 masculine singular ‎תַּחְשׂךְ‎ Isa 58:1, ‎תַּחְשׂוֺךְ‎ Prov 24:11 2 feminine singular ‎תַּחְשׂ֑כִי‎ Isa 54:2, etc.; Imperative ‎חֲשׂךְ‎ Ps 19:14* Participle ‎חֹשֵׂךְ‎ Prov 10:19; Prov 11:24 ‎חוֺשֵׂךְ‎ Prov 13:24; Prov 17:27 followed by —

1. a. withhold, keep back, keep for oneself, accusative, Gen 22:12 (E), vGen 22:16; Gen 39:9 (followed by ‎מִמֶּגִּי‎; both J); absolute Prov 21:26 (opposed to ‎נָתַן‎); withhold the rod (‎שׁבט‎) in discipline, Prov 13:24 no object expressed Prov 11:24; Prov 24:11.
b. keep one from evil, calamity, She'ôl, etc., with accusative and ‎מִן‎ Gen 20:6 (E), 1Sam 25:39; Ps 19:14* ‎מִמָּוֶת נַפְשָׁם‎ ‎׳‎‎ח‎ Ps 78:50 compare Job 33:18; Isa 38:7 (read ‎חָשַׂכְתָּ‎ or ‎חֲשׂךְ‎ for ᵑ0 ‎חָשַׁקְתָּ‎, see ‎חשׁק‎); absolute hinder (i.e. calamities from coming) Isa 14:6 ‎לְמַטָח מֵעֲוֺנֵנוּ‎ ‎׳‎‎ח‎ Ezra 9:13 thou hast kept back, downward (= and kept down), part of our iniquity, i.e. hast not punished us according to our full desert.
c. hold in check with accusative 2Sam 18:16 (or spare see below); object ‎רַגְלֵיהֶם‎ Jer 14:10 especially of keeping silence, object ‎פִּי‎ Job 7:11 restrain my mouth, ‎שׂפתים‎ Prov 10:19, ‎אמרים‎ Prov 17:27 ‎רֹק‎ ‎׳‎‎מִפָּנַי לֹא ח‎ Job 30:10 from my face they have not withheld spittle (= they have spit in my face).
d. refrain (from doing what is mentioned in the context), absolute Isa 54:2; Isa 58:1.
e. spare, with accusative of person 2Kgs 5:20 he hath spared Naaman ‎מִקַּחַת‎ so as not to take (= and hath not taken anything) out of his hand; perhaps also 2Sam 18:16 Joab spared the people (see above). feminine reserve for, with accusative + ‎לְ‎ Job 38:23.

2. (absolute) restrain, check (pain) i.e. assuage, so apparently ᵑ0 Job 16:5 (see Di Kau; I would not restrain condolence of my lips, ᵐ5 ᵑ6 Me, reading ‎לא אחשׂך‎ for ‎יחשׂך‎). — Ezek 30:18 see ‎חשׁך‎. Niph`al Imperfect ‎לְיוֺם אֵיד יֵחָשֶׂךְרָֿע‎ Job 21:30 at the day of calamity the wicked is spared (passive of Qal 1 e); ‎יֵחָשֵׂךְ‎ Job 16:6 be assuaged, of pain (pass of Qal 2).

Brown-Driver-Briggs References