(KJV) Genesis 381

<< Genesis 37 Genesis 39 >>

Judah and Tamar[ 1 Chronicles 2:3–4 ]

[1] And it came2 to pass at that time, that Judah went down from his brethren, and turned3 in to a certain Adullamite4, whose name [was] Hirah.5 [2] And Judah saw6 there a daughter of a certain Canaanite, whose name [was] Shuah7; and he took8 her, and went in unto her. [3] And she conceived, and bare a son; and he called his name Er9.10 [4] And she conceived again, and bare a son; and she called his name Onan11.12 [5] And she yet again conceived, and bare a son; and called his name Shelah13: and he was at Chezib14, when she bare him.15 [6] And Judah took16 a wife for Er his firstborn, whose name [was] Tamar17. [7] And Er18, Judah’s firstborn, was wicked19 in the sight of the Lord; and the20 Lord slew him. [8] And Judah said unto Onan, Go in unto thy brother’s wife, and marry her, and raise up seed to thy brother.21 [9] And Onan knew that the seed should not be his; and it came to pass, when he went in unto his brother’s wife, that he spilled [it] on the ground, lest that22 he should give seed to his brother.23 [10] And the thing which he did displeased24 the Lord: wherefore he slew him also25. [11] Then said Judah to Tamar his daughter in law, Remain a widow at thy father’s house, till Shelah26 my son be grown: for he said, Lest peradventure he die also, as his brethren [did]. And Tamar went and dwelt in her27 father’s house.

[12] And in process of time28 the daughter of Shuah Judah’s wife died; and Judah was comforted, and went up unto his sheepshearers to Timnath29, he and his friend Hirah the Adullamite. [13] And it was told Tamar, saying, Behold thy father in law goeth up to Timnath to shear his sheep. [14] And she put her widow’s garments off from her, and covered her with a vail, and wrapped herself, and sat30 in an open place31, which [is] by the way to Timnath32; for she saw that Shelah33 was grown, and she was not given unto him to wife. [15] When Judah saw her, he thought her [to be] an harlot; because she had covered her face. [16] And he turned unto her by the way, and said, Go to34, I pray thee, let me come in unto thee; (for he knew not that she [was] his daughter in law.) And she said, What wilt35 thou give me, that thou mayest come in unto me? [17] And he said, I will36 send [thee] a kid37 from the flock. And she said, Wilt thou38 give [me] a pledge, till thou send [it]? [18] And he said, What pledge shall I give thee? And she said, Thy signet39, and thy bracelets40, and thy staff that [is] in thine hand. And he gave [it] her41, and came in unto her, and she conceived by him. [19] And she arose, and went away, and laid by her vail42 from her, and put on the garments of her widowhood. [20] And Judah sent the kid by the hand of his friend43 the Adullamite, to receive [his] pledge from the woman’s hand: but he found her not. [21] Then he asked the men of that place, saying, Where [is] the harlot, that [was] openly by the way side44? And they said, There was no harlot in this [place]. [22] And he returned to Judah, and said, I cannot find her; and also the men of the place said, [that] there was no harlot in this [place]. [23] And Judah said, Let her take [it] to her, lest we45 be shamed46: behold, I sent this kid, and thou hast not found her.

[24] And it came to pass about three months after, that it was told Judah, saying, Tamar thy daughter in law hath played the harlot47; and also, behold, she [is] with child by whoredom. And Judah said, Bring her forth, and let her48 be burnt. [25] When she [was] brought forth, she sent to her father in law, saying, By the man, whose these [are], [am] I with child: and she said, Discern49, I pray thee, whose [are] these, the signet, and bracelets, and staff. [26] And Judah acknowledged50 [them], and said, She hath51 been more righteous52 than I; because that I gave her not to Shelah my son. And he knew53 her again no more.

The Birth of Perez and Zerah

[27] [¶]And it came to pass in the time of her travail, that, behold, twins [were] in her womb. [28] And it came to pass, when she travailed, that [the one] put out [his] hand: and the midwife took and bound upon his hand a scarlet thread, saying, This came out first. [29] And it came to pass, as he drew back his hand, that, behold, his brother came out: and she said, How hast54 thou broken forth? [this] breach [be] upon thee: therefore his name55 was called Pharez56.57 [30] And afterward came out his brother, that had the scarlet thread upon his hand: and his name was called Zarah58.

<< Genesis 37 Genesis 39 >>


  1. Gen 38:1, Judah begets Er, Onan, and Shelah; Gen 38:6, Er’s marriage with Tamar, and death; Gen 38:8, The trespass of Onan; Gen 38:11, Tamar is reserved for Shelah; Gen 38:12, Judah’s wife dies; Gen 38:13, Tamar deceives Judah; Gen 38:27, She bears twins, Pharez and Zarah. 

  2. As there cannot be above 23 years from the selling of Joseph, unto Israel's going down into Egypt; and as it is impossible that Judah should take a wife, and by her have three sons successively, and Shelah, the youngest, marriageable when Judah begat Pharez of Tamar, and Pharez be grown up, married, and have two sons, all within so short a period; Mr. Ainsworth conceives that the time here spoken of is soon after Jacob's coming to Shechem (Gen 33:1). We have accordingly adapted the chronology to correspond with that time. 

  3. Gen 19:2-3; Judg 4:18; 2Kgs 4:8; Prov 9:6, Prov 13:20 

  4. An inhabitant of Adullam, a city of Canaan, afterwards given to Judah, situated in the southern part of that tribe, west of Hebron. Josh 12:15, Josh 15:35; 1Sam 22:1; 2Sam 23:13; Mic 1:15 

  5. am 2265, bc 1739 

  6. Gen 3:6, Gen 6:2, Gen 24:3, Gen 34:2; Judg 14:2, Judg 16:1; 2Sam 11:2; 2Cor 6:14 

  7. Gen 46:12; 1Chr 2:3, Shua 

  8. Gen 6:4, Gen 24:3 

  9. Gen 46:12; Num 26:19 

  10. am 2266, bc 1738 

  11. Gen 46:12; Num 26:19 

  12. am 2267, bc 1737 

  13. Gen 38:11, Gen 38:26, Gen 46:12; Num 26:20; 1Chr 4:21 

  14. Chezib is said, by Eusebius and Jerome, to have been situated near Adullam, and to be then uninhabited. 

  15. am 2268, bc 1736 

  16. Gen 21:21, Gen 24:3 

  17. Matt 1:3 

  18. Gen 46:12; Num 26:19 

  19. Gen 6:8, Gen 13:13, Gen 19:13; 2Chr 33:6 

  20. 1Chr 2:3; Ps 55:23 

  21. am 2282, bc 1722, Lev 18:16; Num 36:8-9; Deut 25:5-10; Ruth 1:11, Ruth 4:5-11; Matt 22:23-27 

  22. Job 5:2; Prov 27:4; Titus 3:3; Jas 3:14, Jas 3:16, Jas 4:5 

  23. he is, Deut 25:6; Ruth 1:11, Ruth 4:10 

  24. Heb. was evil in the eyes of, Num 11:1, Num 22:34; 2Sam 11:27; 1Chr 21:7; Prov 14:32, Prov 24:18; Jer 44:4; Hag 1:13 

  25. Gen 46:12; Num 26:19 

  26. Ruth 1:11, Ruth 1:13 

  27. Lev 22:13 

  28. Heb. the days were multiplied, comforted. Gen 24:67; 2Sam 13:39, sheep shearers, Gen 31:19; 1Sam 25:4-8, 1Sam 25:36; 2Sam 13:23-29 

  29. Timnath is, in all probability, that in the border of Judah, between Jerusalem and Diospolis, given to Dan, and mentioned in the history of Samson as belonging to the Philistines. Gen 38:1; Josh 15:10, Josh 15:35, Josh 15:37, Timnah, Josh 19:43, Thimnathah, Judg 14:1 

  30. Prov 7:12; Jer 3:2; Ezek 16:25 

  31. Heb. the door of eyes, or of Enajim, Some think ainayim means "the two fountains," or "double fountain;" while others regard it as a proper name, and the same as Enaim, a city of Judah (Josh 15:34). So the LXX render it Enan

  32. Gen 38:12-13 

  33. Gen 38:11, Gen 38:26 

  34. 2Sam 13:11 

  35. Deut 23:18; Ezek 16:33; Matt 26:15; 1Tim 6:10 

  36. Ezek 16:33 

  37. Heb. a kid of the goats 

  38. Gen 38:20, Gen 38:24-25; Prov 20:16; Luke 16:8 

  39. Chothem, or chothemeth, as in Gen 38:25, is properly a ring-seal, with which impressions were made to ascertain property, etc. From Jer 22:24, we find that it was worn on the hand; though it might also have been suspended from the neck by a ribband, as the Arabs still wear it. Gen 38:25-26; Jer 22:24; Luke 15:22 

  40. Pathil, from pathal, to twist, wreathe, may denote either a wreath for the arm or neck, a twisted collar, or bracelet. In the former sense the LXX render it by ορμισκον, and Aquila and Symmachus by στρεπτον; and in the latter sense, the Vulgate renders it by armillam. It may have been a collar by which the signet was suspended; though its being used in the plural seems to favour the opinion of its being a bracelet. 

  41. Gen 38:25-26; Hos 4:11 

  42. Gen 38:14; 2Sam 14:2, 2Sam 14:5 

  43. Gen 20:9; Lev 19:17; Judg 14:20; 2Sam 13:3; Luke 23:12 

  44. or, in Enajim, Gen 38:14 

  45. 2Sam 12:9; Prov 6:33; Rom 6:21; 2Cor 4:2; Eph 5:12; Rev 16:15 

  46. Heb. become a contempt 

  47. Gen 34:31; Judg 19:2; Eccl 7:26; Jer 2:20, Jer 3:1, Jer 3:6, Jer 3:8; Ezek 16:15, Ezek 16:28, Ezek 16:41; Ezek 23:5, Ezek 23:19, Ezek 23:44; Hos 2:5, Hos 3:3, Hos 4:15 

  48. Gen 20:3, Gen 20:7, Gen 20:9; Lev 20:10, Lev 21:9; Deut 22:21-27, Deut 24:16; 2Sam 12:5, 2Sam 12:7; Jer 29:22-23; Matt 7:1-5; Rom 2:1-2, Rom 14:22 

  49. Gen 38:18, Gen 37:32; Ps 50:21; Jer 2:26; Rom 2:16; 1Cor 4:5; Rev 20:12 

  50. Gen 37:33 

  51. 1Sam 24:17; 2Sam 24:17; Ezek 16:52; Hab 1:13; John 8:9; Rom 3:19 

  52. Not less to blame, but more righteous, because. Gen 38:14 

  53. Gen 4:1; 2Sam 16:22, 2Sam 20:3; Job 4:5, Job 34:31-32, Job 40:5; Matt 3:8; Rom 13:12; Titus 2:11-12; 1Pet 4:2-3 

  54. etc. or, Wherefore hast thou made this breach against thee 

  55. Gen 46:12; Num 26:20; 1Chr 2:4, 1Chr 9:4; Neh 11:4, Neh 11:6, Perez, Matt 1:3; Luke 3:33, Phares 

  56. i.e. a breach. 

  57. am 2283, bc 1721 

  58. 1Chr 9:6, Zerah, Matt 1:3, Zara