Lexical Definition

‎צֶמֶד‎ tsemed (tseh'-med) pair ^H:N-M
a yoke or team (i.e. pair)

acre, couple, [idiom] together, two (donkeys), yoke (of oxen).

• hence, an acre (i.e. day's task for a yoke of cattle to plough)

1) couple, pair, team, yoke
1a) couple, pair, span (usually of animals)
1b) acre
1b1) the amount of land a span of oxen could plow in one day

See Greek: βοῦς · γεώργιον · ζεῦγος

Brown-Driver-Briggs

‎צֶ֫מֶד‎ noun masculine^{1Kgs 19:19} couple, pair; — ‎׳‎‎צ‎ construct Judg 19:3 +; suffix ‎צִמְדּוֺ‎ Jer 51:23 plural ‎צְמָדִים‎ 1Kgs 19:19; 2Kgs 9:25 (but see below); construct ‎צִמְדֵּי‎ Isa 5:10 (Ges^{«GKC:93m»§ 93m}); —

1. couple, pair, usually of animals, ‎חֲמֹרִים‎ ‎׳‎‎צ‎ Judg 19:3; Judg 19:10; 2Sam 16:1 ‎בָּקָר‎ (‎הַ‎) ‎׳‎‎צ‎ span of oxen 1Sam 11:7; 1Kgs 19:21, plural of more than one span v1Kgs 19:19 (ploughing), Job 1:3; Job 42:12 ‎צֶמֶד פְּרָדִים‎ 2Kgs 5:17 ‎פָּרָשִׁים‎ ‎׳‎‎צ‎ Isa 21:7; Isa 21:9 a pair of horsemen; plural also of one pair of riders 2Kgs 9:25 (but read probably ‎צֶמֶד‎, so Kit); ‎׳‎‎צ‎ alone = span (of oxen) Jer 51:23.

2. a measure of land (only square measure in OT) like acre; originally apparently what a span can plough (in a day; see Now^{Archaeology i. 202} Benz^{Archaeology 208}; compare modern faddan, = what, can be ploughed in a season Schumacher^{ZPV xii (1889), 163 f.}, Across Jordan 22, or in a day Bergheim^{PEQ, 1894, 192}, Ency. Bib.^ACRE), ‎שָׂדֶה‎ ‎׳‎‎צ‎ 1Sam 14:14 (on text see Dr HPS); ‎צִמְדֵּיכֶֿרֶם‎ Isa 5:10.

Brown-Driver-Briggs References