Lexical Definition

‎עָרַב‎ ʻârab (aw-rab') to pledge ^H:V
a primitive root

engage, (inter-) meddle (with), mingle (self), mortgage, occupy, give pledges, be(-come, put in) surety, undertake.

• to braid, i.e. intermix
• technically, to traffic (as if by barter)
• also or give to be security (as a kind of exchange)

1) to pledge, exchange, mortgage, engage, occupy, undertake for, give pledges, be or become surety, take on pledge, give in pledge
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to take on pledge, go surety for
1a2) to give in pledge
1a3) to exchange
1a4) to pledge
1b) (Hithpael)
1b1) to exchange pledges
1b2) to have fellowship with, share

See Greek: ἀρέσκω · δίδωμι · ἐκδέχομαι · ἐνδέχεται · ἐνέδρα · ἑσπέρα · ἐχθρός · ἡδέως · θηρεύω · κοινωνέω · μίγνυμι · παράγω · παύω

Brown-Driver-Briggs

II. ‎עָרַב‎ verb take on pledge, give in pledge, exchange (Late Hebrew go surety for (rare); Phoenician ‎ערב‎ surety; Old Aramaic ‎ערבא‎ pledge; ᵑ7 ‎עֲרַב‎, Syriac , go surety for; usually identified with I. ‎ערב‎ — mix, exchange, pledge — but quite uncertain; compare Buhl^Lex Lag^{BN 203}); —

Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular ‎׳‎‎ע‎ Gen 44:32 + 4 t.; 2 masculine singular ‎עָרַבְתָּ‎ Prov 6:1 Imperfect 1 singular suffix ‎אֶעֶרְבֶנּוּ‎ Gen 43:9 Imperative ‎עֲרֹב‎ Ps 119:122, suffix ‎עָרְבֵנִי‎ Isa 38:14, so Job 17:3 (but see below); Infinitive construct ‎לַעֲרֹב‎ Ezek 27:9 Participle ‎עֹרֵב‎ Prov 17:18, etc.; —

1. with accusative of person taken on pledge, i.e. go surety for the safety of, Gen 43:9 (J), Gen 44:32 (J; + ‎מֵעִם‎ person); for the debts of Prov 11:15; Prov 20:16; Prov 27:13 of God Isa 38:14 go surety for me, Ps 119:122, so Job 17:3 (si vera lectio, see ‎עֵרָבוֺן‎); accusative of person omitted, ‎לְ‎ ‎׳‎‎ע‎ Prov 6:1 go surety to one (in behalf of another, || ‎תָּקַע לַזָּר כַּפֶּ֑יךָ‎); with accusative of thing Prov 22:26 (|| ‎תֹּקְעֵיכָֿ֑ף‎).

2. give in pledge, with accusative of thing Neh 5:3 (i.e. mortagage), figurative ‎אֶתלִֿבּוֺ‎ ‎׳‎‎ע‎ Jer 30:21 so ‎עֲרֻבָּה לִפְנֵי רֵעֵהוּ‎ ‎׳‎‎ע‎ Prov 17:18 (|| ‎תֹּקֵעַ כָּ֑ף‎).

3. exchange (in trade), with accusative of congnate meaning with verb ‎מָעֲרָבֵךְ‎ Ezek 27:9; Ezek 27:27.

Hithpa`el 1. reciprocal: Imperative ‎הִתְעָ֫רֶב נָא אֶתאֲֿדֹנִי‎ 2Kgs 18:23 exchange pledges (make a bargain) with my lord = Isa 36:8.

2. a. have fellowship with, ‎בְּ‎ person, Perfect 3 plural ‎הִתְעָֽרְבוּ‎ Ezra 9:2 Imperfect 3 masculine plural ‎וַיִּתְעָֽרְבוּ‎ Ps 106:35 2 masculine singular ‎תִּתְעָרָ֑ב‎ with ‎לְ‎ person Prov 20:19, with ‎עִם‎ person Prov 24:21.
b. share in, ‎בְּ‎ of thing, 3 masculine singular ‎יִתְעָרַב‎ Prov 14:10 in his joy no other shares..

Brown-Driver-Briggs References