Lexical Definition
אֲבִיגַיִל ʼĂbîygayil (ab-ee-gah'-yil) Abigail N:N-F-P
or shorter אֲבִיגַל ʼĂbîygal (ab-ee-gal'); from אָב and גִּיל; father (i.e. source) of joy
Abigal.
- § Abigail = "my father is joy"
- Abigail or Abigal, the name of two Israelitesses
1) wife of Nabal, then of David
2) sister of David
| Form | Translated As | In Verse(s) |
|---|---|---|
| לַאֲבִיגַ֖יִל | to Abigail | 1Chr.3.1 |
| לַאֲבִיגַ֑ל | to Abigail | 1Sam.25.32 |
| לַאֲֽבִיגַ֕יִל | of Abigail | 2Sam.3.3 |
| וַאֲבִיגַ֥יִל | and Abigail | 1Sam.27.3 |
| וַאֲבִיגַ֕יִל | and Abigail | 1Sam.30.5 • 2Sam.2.2 |
| וְלַאֲבִיגַ֙יִל֙ | and to Abigail | 1Sam.25.14 |
| בַּאֲבִיגַ֔יִל | with Abigail | 1Sam.25.39 |
| אֲבִיגַ֣יִל | Abigail | 1Sam.25.36 |
| אֲבִיגַ֡יִל | Abigail | 1Sam.25.18 |
| אֲבִיגַ֙יִל֙ | Abigail | 1Sam.25.23 |
| אֲבִיגַ֗יִל | Abigail | 1Sam.25.42 |
| אֲבִיגַ֖יִל | Abigail | 1Sam.25.40 |
| אֲבִגָ֑יִל | Abigail | 1Sam.25.3 |
Extended Information
- A woman living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Sa.25.3 married to David (דָּוִד) and Nabal (נָבָל)
- mother of: Chileab (כִּלְאָב)
Brown-Driver-Briggs
אֲבִיגַ֫יִל proper name, feminine (my father is joy (?) originally אבגל? (אֲבִגֵל? compare ᵑ0 below & NöZMG 1883, 537 Anm2).
1. wife of Nabal, then of David 1Sam 25:14; 1Sam 25:23; 1Sam 25:39; 1Sam 25:40; 1Sam 25:42; 1Sam 27:3; 1Sam 30:5; 2Sam 2:2; 1Chr 3:1 = אֲבִגַיִל 1Sam 25:3; 1Sam 25:36 אֲבִו֯גַיִל v1Sam 25:18, אֲבִיגָל֑ v1Sam 25:32, אֲבִיגַ֯לִ 2Sam 3:3.
2. sister of David 1Chr 2:16; 1Chr 2:17 = אֲבִיגַל 2Sam 17:25.
אבוגיל Kt 2Sam 25:18 see אֲבִיגַיִל below II. אבה.
Brown-Driver-Briggs References
| Book | Refs |
|---|---|
| 1 Samuel | 25:3 · 25:14 · 25:18 · 25:23 · 25:32 · 25:36 · 25:39 · 25:40 · 25:42 · 27:3 · 30:5 |
| 2 Samuel | 2:2 · 3:3 · 17:25 · 25:18 |
| 1 Chronicles | 2:16 · 2:17 · 3:1 |
Profile
Female • David's wife • Wife of Nabal, later married David
David's wife living at the time of United Monarchy
Abigail, initially the wife of Nabal, became one of David's wives after Nabal's death and bore him a son named Chileab.
- David's wife living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Sa.25.3;
- only referred to as Abigail אֲבִיגַיִל;
- wife of David דָּוִד and Nabal נָבָל;
- mother of Chileab כִּלְאָב.
Abigail was a wise and beautiful woman who was initially married to a wealthy but foolish man named Nabal. When David and his men were in the wilderness, Nabal refused to provide them with food and supplies. Abigail, learning of this, quickly gathered provisions and went to meet David, apologizing for her husband's behavior and urging David not to seek revenge.
Impressed by her wisdom and courage, David accepted her appeal and spared Nabal's life. When Abigail told Nabal about this incident, he had a heart attack and died ten days later. After Nabal's death, David sent for Abigail and married her.
Abigail became one of David's wives and bore him a son named Chileab, who is also known as Daniel (2 Samuel 3:3; 1 Chronicles 3:1). She accompanied David during his time in Ziklag, where he sought refuge from King Saul (1 Samuel 27:3; 30:5). Abigail's story demonstrates her wisdom, diplomacy, and faith in God.
All entries for Abigail: אֲבִיגַיִל