Lexical Definition

‎τολμάω‎ tolmáō (tol-mah'-o) be bold ^G:V
from (boldness

be bold, boldly, dare, durst.

• probably itself from the base of ‎τέλος‎ through the idea of extreme conduct)
• to venture (objectively or in act
• while ‎θαῤῥέω‎ is rather subjective or in feeling)
• by implication, to be courageous

Abbott-Smith

τολμάω, -ῶ [in LXX: Jb 15:12 (לָקַח), Es 1:18 7:5 (לֵב מָלֵא) Jth 14:13, II Mac 4:2, III Mac 3:21 R, IV Mac 8:18 * ;]
to have courage, to venture, dare, be bold: absol, II Co 11:21; seq. ἐπί, II Co 10:2; c. inf. (Bl., § 69, 4), Mt 22:46, Mk 12:34, Lk 20:40, Jo 21:12, Ac 5:13 7:32, Ro 15:18, I Co 6:1, II Co 10:12, Phl 1:14, Ju 9; to submit to (in cl. usually absol. in this sense), Ro 5:7 (v. Field, Notes, 155); τολμήσας εἰσῆλθεν, took courage and went in (v. Field, op. cit., 44), Mk 15:43 (cf. ἀπο-τολμάω).†

Abbott-Smith References

Liddell-Scott-Jones

τολμάω-άω,

Ionic dialect τολμάωέω [Refs 5th c.BC+]; Doric dialect 2nd pers. singular τολμάωῇς [Refs 3rd c.BC+]: future τολμάωήσω [Refs 5th c.BC+], Doric dialect -ᾱσῶ[Refs 3rd c.BC+]: perfect τετόλμηκα [Refs 4th c.BC+], Doric dialect -ᾱκα[Refs 5th c.BC+]:—middle, [Refs 5th c.BC+]:—undertake, take heart either to do or bear anything terrible or difficult:

__1 mostly absolutely, dare, endure, submit (see. Τλάω), ἐνὶ φρεσὶ θυμὸς ἐτόλμα [Refs 8th c.BC+]; σὺ δ᾽ (i.e. κραδίη) ἐτόλμας [τολμάωᾶν βιάζονται 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 3.2.1; τ. καὶ ἐκλογίζεσθαι 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.40 ">Refs 8th c.BC+]; τολμάωῶντες ἄνδρες[τολμάωᾶν.. ἐν ἄλγεσι κείμενον ἄνδρα 6th c.BC: Theognis Elegiacus 555; τόλμα κακοῖσιν [prev. author] 355, 1029; τόλμα 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 82; τόλμησον [prev. work] 481: in ">Refs 6th c.BC+]participle, τολμάωήσας.. παρέστη he took courage and.., [NT+1st c.AD+]
__2 with accusative of things, endure, undergo, τ. χρὴ τὰ διδοῦσι θεοί [Refs 6th c.BC+]
__II with infinitive, to have the courage, hardihood, effrontery, cruelty, or the grace, patience, to do a thing in spite of any natural feeling, dare, or bring oneself, to do, εἰ.. τολμάωήσεις Διὸς ἄντα.. ἔγχος ἀεῖραι [Refs 8th c.BC+]; τ. κατακεῖσθαι submit to keep one's bed, [NT+5th c.BC+]
__II.2 sometimes with participle, ἐτόλμα.. βαλλόμενος he submitted to be struck, [Refs 8th c.BC+]
__II.3 with accusative, πόλεμον τολμάωήσαντα undertaking, venturing on it, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; τ. πάντα, δεινά, ἔργον αἴσχιστον, etc., [τολμάωήσασα καὶ πέρα 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 189; also τ. τὰ βέλτιστα 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.56, 4.98; πικρὰν πεῖραν 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 471 ">Refs 5th c.BC+]; see at {τόλμημα}:—hence in passive, ο ἐτολμάωήθη πατήρ such things as my father had dared (or done) against him, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τοῦτο τετολμάωήσθω εἰπεῖν let us take courage to say this, [τολμάωηθέντα 1st c.AD: Josephus Historicus “Antiquitates Judaicae” 2.3.1; αἱ τετολμάωημέναι ἐπίνοιαι 1st c.AD: Philo Judaeus 1.674; τὰ τετ. εἰς ἐμέ “PGoodsp.Cair.” 15.3 (4th c.AD). ">Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II.4 so in active, τετολμάωηκυῖαι [λέξεις] daring expressions, [Refs 5th c.BC+]

_{LSJ Scripture Refs: Mark.15.43 ☩ Rom.5.7}