(KJV) 1 Chronicles 191
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⥃David’s Messengers Disgraced [ 2 Samuel 10:1–8 ]
[1] Now it came to pass after this, that Nahash2 the king of the children of Ammon died, and his son reigned in his stead. [2] And David said, I will shew3 kindness unto Hanun the son of Nahash, because his father shewed kindness to me. And David sent messengers to comfort him concerning his father. So the servants of David came into the land of the children4 of Ammon to Hanun, to comfort him. [3] But the princes5 of the children of Ammon said to Hanun, Thinkest thou that David6 doth honour thy father, that he hath sent comforters unto thee? are not his servants come unto thee for to search7, and to overthrow, and to spy out the land? [4] Wherefore Hanun took David’s8 servants, and shaved them9, and cut10 off their garments in the midst hard by their buttocks, and sent them11 away. [5] Then there went [certain], and told David12 how the men were served. And he sent to meet them: for the men were greatly ashamed. And the king said, Tarry at Jericho13 until your beards14 be grown, and [then] return.
[6] And when the children of Ammon saw that they had made15 themselves odious16 to David, Hanun and the children of Ammon sent a thousand17 talents of silver to hire them chariots and horsemen out of Mesopotamia, and out of Syria–maachah18, and out of Zobah19. [7] So they hired20 thirty21 and two thousand chariots, and the king of Maachah22 and his people; who came and pitched before Medeba23. And the children of Ammon gathered themselves together from their cities, and came to battle. [8] And when David heard [of it], he sent Joab24, and all the host of the mighty men. [9] And the children of Ammon came out, and put the battle25 in array before the gate of the city: and the kings26 that were come [were] by themselves in the field.
⥃David Defeats Ammon and Aram [ 2 Samuel 10:9–19 ]
[10] Now when Joab27 saw that the battle28 was set against29 him before and behind, he chose out of all the choice30 of Israel, and put [them] in array against the Syrians. [11] And the rest of the people he delivered unto the hand of Abishai31 his brother, and they set32 [themselves] in array against the children of Ammon. [12] And he said, If the Syrians33 be too strong for me, then thou shalt help me: but if the children of Ammon be too strong for thee, then I will help thee. [13] Be of good34 courage, and let us behave35 ourselves valiantly for our people, and for the cities of our God: and let the Lord36 do [that which is] good in his sight. [14] So Joab and the people that [were] with him drew nigh before the Syrians unto the battle; and they fled37 before him. [15] And when the children of Ammon saw that the Syrians were fled, they likewise38 fled before Abishai his brother, and entered into the city. Then Joab came to Jerusalem.
[16] [¶]And when the Syrians saw that they were put to the worse before Israel, they sent messengers, and drew39 forth the Syrians that [were] beyond the river40: and Shophach41 the captain of the host of Hadarezer [went] before them.42 [17] And it was told David; and he gathered all Israel, and passed over Jordan, and came upon them43, and set44 [the battle] in array against them. So when David had put the battle in array against the Syrians, they fought with him. [18] But the Syrians fled before Israel45; and David slew of the Syrians seven thousand46 [men which fought in] chariots, and forty thousand footmen47, and killed Shophach the captain of the host. [19] And when the servants48 of Hadarezer saw that they were put to the worse before Israel, they made peace with David, and became his servants: neither would49 the Syrians help the children of Ammon any more.
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1Chr 19:1, David’s messengers, sent to comfort Hanun, the son of Nahash, are villainously treated; 1Chr 19:6, The Ammonites, strengthened by the Syrians, are overcome by Joab and Abishai; 1Chr 19:16, Shophach, making a new supply of the Syrians, is slain by David. ↩
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1Sam 30:26; 2Sam 9:1, 2Sam 9:7; 2Kgs 4:13; Esth 6:3; Eccl 9:15 ↩
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Heb. In thine eyes doth David, 1Cor 13:5-7 ↩
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Gen 42:9-18; Josh 2:1-3; Judg 1:23-24, Judg 18:2, Judg 18:8-10 ↩
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Heb. to stink, Gen 34:30; Exod 5:21; 1Sam 13:4, 1Sam 27:12; Ps 14:3 *marg. ↩
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2Chr 18:3, 2Chr 18:5, 2Chr 18:9; 1Sam 14:47; 2Sam 8:3; 1Kgs 11:23-24 ↩
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1Chr 18:4; Exod 14:9; Judg 4:3; 1Sam 13:5; 2Chr 14:9; Ps 20:7-9 ↩
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Thirtytwo thousand soldiers, exclusive of the thousand sent by the king of Maachah, are mentioned in the parallel passage (2Sam 10:6); but of chariots or cavalry there is no mention; and the number of chariots stated here is prodigious, and beyond all credibility. But as the word raichev denotes not only a chariot, but a rider (see Isa 21:7), it ought most probably to be rendered here, in a collective sense, cavalry; and then the number of troops will exactly agree with the passage in Samuel. It is probable that they were a kind of auxiliary troops who were usually mounted on horses, or in chariots, but who occasionally served as foot-soldiers. ↩
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This variation exists only in the translation, the original being the same in both places, melech maachah, "the king of Maachah." 2Sam 10:6, king Maachah ↩
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1Sam 17:2; 2Sam 18:4; 2Chr 13:3, 2Chr 14:10; Isa 28:6; Jer 50:42; Joel 2:5 ↩
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Heb. face of the battle ↩
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or, young men ↩
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Heb. Abshai, 1Chr 11:20, 1Chr 18:12; The variation of ΰαιωΡι ( אֲבִישַׁי ), Abishai, and ΰαωΡι ( אֲבִישַׁי ), Abshai, is simply caused by the elision of ι, yood, which is by no means uncommon. ↩
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Deut 31:6-7; Josh 1:7, Josh 10:25; 1Sam 4:9, 1Sam 14:6-12, 1Sam 17:32; 2Sam 10:12; Ezra 10:4; Neh 4:14; Ps 27:14; 1Cor 16:13 ↩
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etc. In Samuel, "let us play the men;" but the original is the same in both places, nithchazzak. ↩
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Judg 10:15; 1Sam 3:18; 2Sam 15:26, 2Sam 16:10-11; Job 1:22 ↩
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1Kgs 20:13, 1Kgs 20:19-21, 1Kgs 20:28-30; 2Chr 13:5-16; Jer 46:15-16 ↩
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that is, Euphrates ↩
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This variation arises from the permutation of α, baith, and τ, pay; being written in the parallel passage ωΡεακ ( שׁוֹבָךְ ), Shobach, and here ωΡετκ ( שׁוֹפָךְ ), Shophach 2Sam 10:16, Shobach. ↩
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am 2968, bc 1036, An, Ex, Is, 455 ↩
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Instead of alaihem, "upon them," it is in 2Sam 10:17 chelamah, "to Helam:" the one seems evidently to be a mistake for the other. ↩
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In the parallel passage, "the men of seven hundred chariots;" which difference probably arose from mistaking ο, noon final, which stands for 700, for ζ, zayin, with a dot above, which denotes 7,000, or vice versa. The great similarity of these letters might easily cause the one to be mistaken for the other. ↩
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If these troops were as we have suppose, a kind of dismounted cavalry, the terms footmen and horsemen might be indifferently applied to them. 2Sam 10:18, horsemen ↩
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Gen 14:4-5; Josh 9:9-11; 2Sam 10:19; 1Kgs 20:1, 1Kgs 20:12; Ps 18:39, Ps 18:44; Isa 10:8 ↩