Lexical Definition

‎λαγχάνω‎ lanchánō (lang-khan'-o) to choose by lot ^G:V
a prolonged form of a primary verb, which is only used as an alternate in certain tenses

his lot be, cast lots, obtain.

• to lot, i.e. determine (by implication, receive) especially by lot

Abbott-Smith

λαγχάνω, [in LXX: I Ki 14:47 (לכד, v. Th., Gr., 38), Wi 8:19, III Mac 6:1*;]
1. to obtain by lot, to obtain (in cl., c. gen.): c. inf. art. (B1., § 36, 3; 71, 3), Lk 1:9; c. acc. rei, Ac 1:17, II Pe 1:1.
2. to draw lots: seq. περί, Jo 19:24.

Abbott-Smith References

Liddell-Scott-Jones

λαγχάνω,

future λήξομαι [Refs 5th c.BC+]; Ionic dialect λάξομαι (compare λάξις) [Refs 5th c.BC+]: aorist ἔλᾰχον [Refs 8th c.BC+]; Epic dialect ἔλλαχον [Refs 3rd c.BC+]; Epic dialect λάχον [Refs 8th c.BC+]; Aeolic dialect optative 1st pers. singular λαχόην [Refs 7th c.BC+]; for λέλᾰχον see infr. IV: perfect εἴληχα [Refs 4th c.BC+]: pluperfect εἰλήχει [Refs 5th c.BC+]; poetry and Ionic dialect λέλογχα [Refs 5th c.BC+], but not in early Attic dialect Prose; 3rd.pers. plural λελογχᾰσι (ν) [Refs 8th c.BC+]; participle λελαχώς [Refs 1st c.BC+]; Doric dialect 3rd.pers. singular λελόγχει [Refs 3rd c.BC+]: pluperfect ἐλελόγχει [Refs 2nd c.AD+]:—passive, aorist ἐλήχθην [Refs 5th c.BC+]: perfect εἴληγμαι [Refs 5th c.BC+]; 3rd.pers. plural λελάχαται [Refs 5th c.AD+]

__I with accusative of things, obtain by lot, of spoils, opposed to ἐξαιρεῖσθαι, [Refs 8th c.BC+]: generally, obtain as one's portion, τὸ γὰρ λάχομεν γέρας ἡμεῖς [Refs 8th c.BC+]infinitive added, ἔλαχον πολιὴν ἅλα ναιέμεν I had the sea for my portion to dwell in, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; of a deity as presiding over one's life, ἐμὲ μὲν Κὴρ.. λάχε γεινόμενόν περ [Refs 8th c.BC+]: also, especially in perfect, to be the tutelary deity of a place, protect it. [Πὰν] πάντα λόφον.. λέλογχε [Refs 5th c.BC+]; of Athena, ἣ τὴν ὑμετέραν πόλιν ἔλαχε [Refs 5th c.BC+]: frequently of persons who have a post assigned to them by lot, κλήρῳ νῦν πεπάλασθε διαμπερές, ὅς κε λάχῃσι [Refs 8th c.BC+]: with infinitive, κλήρῳ λάχον ἐνθάδ᾽ ἕπεσθαι [Refs 5th c.BC+] had their post assigned near Thymbra, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἐπί, ἐν πύλαις λ., [Refs 4th c.BC+]; λαχών alone, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; λ. τινὰ διδάσκαλον have him assigned to one by lot, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
__I.2 at Athens, obtain an office by lot, ἀρχὰς λαχεῖν, opposed to χειροτονηθῆναι (to be elected), [Refs 5th c.BC+]infinitive, ὁ τῷ κυάμῳ λαχὼν πολεμαρχέειν he who had the lot to be polemarch, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; λαχόντος βουλεύειν when I became Member of Council by lot, [Refs 5th c.BC+] to be chosen by lot as one of.., [Refs 4th c.BC+]; λαχεῖν βασιλεύς, ἐπιμελητής, ἱερεύς, etc., [Refs 5th c.BC+]; οἱ πεντακόσιοι [οἱ] λαχόντες τῷ κυάμῳ Legal cited in [Refs 5th c.BC+] those on whom the lot fell, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
__I.3 as Attic dialect law-term, λαγχάνειν δίκην obtain leave to bring a suit (especially a private suit), probably because the presiding magistrates decided the order of hearing by lot; λ. δίκην τινί against one, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὸν εἰληχότα τοῦ κλήρου τὴν δίκην the person suing for the inheritance, [Refs 4th c.BC+] he has claimed Euctemon's daughter.., [Refs 5th c.BC+]; also λ. τῷ υἱεῖ τῆς ἐπικλήρου prosecute the claim on his son's behalf, [Refs 5th c.BC+]:—passive, πρὸς οὓς αἱ δίκαι ἐλήχθησαν [Refs 5th c.BC+] proceedings are taken, [Refs]
__II with genitive partitive, become possessed of a thing, ὥς κεν Ἀχιλλεὺς δώρων ἐκ Πριάμοιο λάχῃ [Refs 8th c.BC+]; γέννας ἀφθίτου λαχόντες [Refs 5th c.BC+]; πατρῴων οὐ λαχών not having obtained thy patrimony, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
__III absolutely, draw lots, κατάστασις ἡ διὰ τοῦ λαγχάνειν γιγνομένη [NT+5th c.BC+]
__IV causal only in Epic dialect reduplicate aorist λέλᾰχον, put in possession of a thing, grant one the rights of.., ὄφρα πυρός με Τρῶες.. λελάχωσι θανόντα [Refs 8th c.BC+]: later this aorist is used intransitive in [Refs 5th c.AD+]
__V intransitive, fall to one's lot or share, ἐς ἑκάστην [νῆα] ἐννέα λάγχανον αἶγες nine goats were allotted to each, [Refs 8th c.BC+]

_{LSJ Scripture Refs: John.19.24}