Liddell-Scott-Jones

φθίνω (phthinō) to wane ^G:V

Included with: φθίνω, ἔφθιον,

each once in [Refs 8th c.BC+], the common present being φθίνω, [Refs 8th c.BC+] (also φθινύθω, which see): imperfect ἔφθῐνον [Refs 5th c.BC+]future and aorist φθ (ε) ίσω, e)/fq (e) ισα and ἔφθῐσα (see. below [Refs]perfect ἔφθῐκα see reading in [Refs 1st c.AD+] —middle and passive (in same sense), future φθίσομαι (to be read φθείσομαι, in view of φθείσω, see below 11) [Refs 8th c.BC+]aorist 1 φθίσασθαι [Refs 4th c.AD+]aorist passive ἔφθῐθεν, see. {ἀποφθίνω}: aorist 2 ἐφθίμην, ἔφθῐσο [Refs 8th c.BC+]; 3rd.pers. plural ἐφθίατο [Refs 8th c.BC+]; imperative 3rd.pers. singular φθίσθω (ἀπο-) [Refs]; Epic dialect subjunctive φθίεται [Refs]; optative φθίμην (ἀπο-) [Refs 8th c.BC+]; infinitive φθίσθαι [Refs 8th c.BC+]; participle φθίμενος, see below [Refs]perfect, ἔφθιται [Refs 8th c.BC+], 3rd.pers. plural ἐξ-έφθινται [Refs 8th c.BC+], ῐ in ἔφθιεν (below), φθιόμεσθα, φθίεται: ῑ always in future and aorist φθίσω, φθίσομαι, ἔφθισα (sed see below [Refs], compare φθῑσήνωρ, φθῑσίμβροτος (which see): ῐ always in aorist and perfect passive (see. above), except in optative (see. above):—[Refs 8th c.BC+] whereas ῐ always in φθῐνω in [Refs 5th c.BC+] correspond to Sanskrit k[snull]i-, present k[snull]iṇā´ti, k[snull]iṇóti, 'he destroys', passive K[snull][imacracute]yante 'they perish', ák[snull]itas (={ἄφθιτος}) 'imperishable', future stem k[snull]e[snull]ya- (={φθεισο-}), aorist stem k[snull]e[snull]- (= φθεισ-).)

__I decay, wane, of Time, πρίν κεν νὺξ φθῖτο (optative aorist) first would the night be come to an end, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; in this sense mostly in present φθίνω, φθίνουσιν νύκτες τε καὶ ἤματα they wane or pass away, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; μηδέ τοι αἰὼν φθινέτω let not thy life be wasted, [Refs]
__I.b of the moon, wane, [σελήνη] αὐξανομένη καὶ φθίνουσα [Refs 4th c.BC+]; hence, in monthly reckoning, μηνῶν φθινόντων in the moon's wane, i.e. towards the month's end, [Refs], etc.; later, μὴν φθίνων, the last decad, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; opposed to ἱστάμενος (ἵστημι [Refs 8th c.BC+], the second half of the month (τοῦ μὲν φθίνοντος μηνός, τοῦ δ᾽ ἱσταμένοιο), [Refs 8th c.BC+]
__I.c of the stars, decline, set, [Refs 4th c.BC+]
__I.2 of persons, waste away, pine, perish, ὥς κε δόλῳ φθίῃς [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἤτοι ὁ τῆς ἀχέων φρένας ἔφθιεν was wasting away in mind, [Refs 8th c.BC+] (perhaps transitive, causing his heart to pine; probably imperfect, but possibly aorist); φθίνει καὶ μαραίνεται νόσῳ [Refs 5th c.BC+]; οἱ φθίνοντες consumptive people, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
__I.2.b of life, strength, etc., οὐ φθίνει ἀρετά [Refs 5th c.BC+]; of things, fade away, disappear, ἐδεστὸν ἐξ αὑτοῦ φ. καὶ ψῇ [Refs 5th c.BC+]:—passive, αὐτὸς φθίεται [Refs 8th c.BC+]; more frequently in future and aorist, ἤδη φθ[ε]ίσονται [Refs 8th c.BC+]; πρὸς φίλου ἔφθισο wast slain by.., [Refs 5th c.BC+]participle φθίμενος, slain, dead, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; φθίμενοι the dead, φθιμένοισι μετείην [Refs 8th c.BC+]; πενθήσει βασιλῆ φ. Oracle texts cited in [Refs 5th c.BC+]; φ. δέμας, σῶμα, mortal, [Refs]; Φθιμένη Perishing, personified as a goddess, Φυσώ τε Φ. τε [Refs 5th c.BC+]: rare in Prose, τοῖς φθιμένοις [Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II Causal, in future φθ (ε) ίσω, aorist 1 ἔφθ (ε) ισα (usually written φθίσω, ἔφθισα in codices, but correctly φθεισαν [Refs 8th c.BC+]codex B (Miller Mélanges [Refs]cause to decay or pine away, consume, destroy, φθ (ε) ίσει σε τὸ σὸν μένος [Refs 8th c.BC+]; τὸν Πάτροκλος ἔμελλε φθ (ε) ίσειν [Refs 8th c.BC+]; τόν ἔθελον φθ (ε) ῖσαι [Refs 5th c.BC+]; νῦν σε μοῖρα.. φθίνει, φθίνει uncertain in [Refs 5th c.BC+] (Lyric poetry, perhaps σοι).